GSM TOWARDS LTE
NETWORKS
Lecture # 5
MOBILE TRAFFIC VOICE
AND DATA
07-14
Subscriber traffic in mobile access networks
30
Yearly Exabytes
25
Exabyte = Giga Giga Byte
20
Data
15
10
Voice
5
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Internal Ericsson
DVB-H, Mobile WiMax, M2M and WiFi traffic not included
This slide contains forward looking statements
2011
2012
2013
2014
THE 3G VISION









Global Seamless Roaming
Common Worldwide Spectrum
Multiple Radio Environments
Wide Range of Services -Voice & Data Equally
Flexible, Spectrum Efficient Technologies
Wireless - Wireline Integration
Enhanced Security and Performance
Wireline Services and Quality Levels
Rapid Introduction of New Technology
3G VISION - APPLICATION

Application





Multimedia Message Service (MMS)
Email
Video phone
Video streaming
Any service from the Internet
3G VAS APPLICATIONS
Video SMS
Video Portal
Mobile TV
Video IVR
Video CRBT
Mobile Video Marketing
YouTube upload
Video conferencing
Video greeting
Dial TV service
3G Music Station with full track song download
Video Contact Center
2G TOWARDS 3G

Higher data bandwidth requirement





Anticipated subscriber demand for
Audio/Video streaming
Other multimedia services
Collaborative services
Location services
3G - PRINCIPLE REQUIREMENT

Support for voice quality comparable with fixed line
networks

Support for both circuit-switched and packet-switched
data services

Support for greater capacity and improved spectrum
efficiency
3G–PRINCIPAL REQUIREMENT

A data rate of 144 kb/s for users moving quickly e.g.
moving vehicles

A data rate of 384 kb/s for pedestrians

A data rate of 2 Mb/s in a low mobility or office
environment.

Note how a network using GPRS and EDGE meets
most of these criteria!
Example: 3G SERVICES (UMTS)

Universal Mobile Telephone System (UMTS)

Four QoS classes of services

Conversational Class


Streaming Class


multimedia, video on demand, webcast
Interactive Class


Voice, video telephony,video gaming
WWW browsing, database access, online gaming
Background Class

email, SMS, file downloading
2.5 GPRS VOICE / data
ARCHITECTURE
Voice Calls Path
Data Calls Path
Packet Data14.4 Kp/s
LTE/SAE Architecture
3G NETWORK
IP networks
Only
PS Domain
shown
Gi
HLR/HSS
Gr
Gn
Gn
GGSN
SGSN
Gb
Iu
BSC
RNC
BTS
Node B
2G
3G
Iur
LTE/SAE Architecture
HSPA (High Speed Packet Access)
IP networks
Only
PS Domain
shown
Gi
HLR/HSS
PCRF
Gr
Gx
Gn
GGSN
SGSN
Gb
Iu CP
Iu UP
BSC
RNC
BTS
Node B
2G
Optimizing the 3G/HSPA
payload plane for
Broadband traffic
Iur
3G
Release 7 ”Direct Tunnel”
STEPS TOWARDS 3G
1- Backbone Roll Out (Packet Network)
All the backend traffic transfer on IP
(Packets) /Passport/ATM/MPBN
2- Data Network
3- Core Network
4- RAN Network
1-BACKBONE ROLL OUT
(Packet Network) Migration Steps
2-DATA NETWORK MIGRATION
2nd GENERATION NETWORK
rd
3
GENERATION NETWORK
2G & 3G NETWORK
TOWARDS IP NETWORK
3-CORE NETWORK MIGRATION
Classical MSC Architecture
(old name: Non-Layered Mobile Core Network/
’Monolitic’ Architecture)
MSC Server
Classic MSC
MSC
Mobile Softswitch Solution
(old name: Layered Mobile Core Network
Architecture)
(Control and Switching)
MSC-S
(Control)
Mobile Media Gateway
MGw
(Switching)
Control Layer
MSC-S
MSC
MGw
MSC
MSC
TDM
MSC
MSC
MGw
IP/ATM/TDM
MGw
MGw
MGw
INCREMENTAL MIGRATION

In Pakistan, Most operators have incrementally
Migrated.

Two strategies have been adapted


GPRS adapted by Warid Telecom.
EDGE adapted by Ufone.
MOBILE SOFT SWITCH SOLUTION
FOR 3G CORE NETWORK
 One
of the most efficient way to upgrade for
3G core networks.
 Layered
 MSS
architecture for ease
is only for Mobile core networks
LAYERED ARCHITECTURE
 The
benefit of layered architecture is from
research and development purpose.
 In
communication there are two main
recourses i.e. controlling and connectivity.
MSS LAYERS
1. Control Layer
2. Connectivity Laye
3. Application Layer
CONTROL LAYER
 This
layer is refer to the logical layer as it
performs logical operations of the MSS
 this
node provides the analysis and control
functions required for circuit switched traffic
and using standardized signaling
 controlling
the allocation of
resources in the connectivity layer
required
CONNECTIVITY LAYER
 This
layer is based on ATM (Asynchronous
Transfer Mode) and IP protocols.
 Providing end-to-end connection throughout
the core network.
 This layer provide standard interfaces for the
connectivity with other legace networks.
APPLICATION LAYER
 In
this layer all the application are added and
managed.
 Like if Warid want to provide CBRT (Caller
Back Ring Tone) service then it add server
that provide this service to the user in the
application layer.
 Recourses of such servers are controlled by
MSC-S.
MSS ARCHITECTURE
MSS NODES
1.
MSC-S (Mobile Switching Server)
2.
M-MGW (Mobile Media Gateway)
MSC-SERVER
 MSC-S
is the control layer device of the 3G
network.
 It contains all call and control service logic
such as:
ѣ Charging analysis
ѣ Bearer selection
ѣ Route analysis
ѣ Media Gate way selection
MSC-SERVER
 It
provides efficient and centralized control of
the distributed switching provided by the
Mobile Media Gateway (M-MGw), ensuring
flexible, cost-effective network design, and a
smooth evolution to an all-IP core network.
MSC-SERVER
Data Base
nodes
Radio Sites
Other MSC-S
MSC-S
M-MGW
M-MGW
 M-MGW
is the connectivity layer device.
 M-MGW connects the MSS core network
with the external networks such as WCDMA
and GSM radio access networks, PSTN
networks, PABXs, IMS/VoIP network, or other
mobile networks.
 This node controlled by MSC-S.
SIGNALING AND PROTOCOLS
MAP
BSC
BSSAP
MSC
Server 1
Data Base
Nodes
BICC /
MAP
MAP
T-MSC
Server 1
RANAP
GCP
GCP
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
ISUP
SIP
PSTN/ISDN/PL
MN
INTERFACE & PROTOCOLS
MSC
Server 1
BSC
A
RNC
Lu CS
Nc
Mc
M-MGW 1
T-MSC
Server 1
Mc
Nb
PSTN/ISDN/PLMN
M-MGW 2
Control Plane
User Plane
POI
3G CALL SETUP
Call Setup Scenario : Subscriber “A” is a calling
party from PTML and Subscriber “B” is called
party that is related to PSTN
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
1. SETUP
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
2. RNC send SETUP message to MSC-S
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
3. SEIZE RESOURCES
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
4. M-MGW reply by ACK message
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
5. MSC-S inform RNC that call is in
progress by CALL PROCESSED message
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
6. MSC-S send ASSIGNMENT message
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
7. RNC send ERQ message to selected
M-MGW
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
8. M-MGW setup virtual connection
with RNC and reply by ECF message
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
9. RNC send ASSIGNMENT
COMPLETE message
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
10.MSC-S 1 send IAM message to
MSC-S 2
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
11.T-Server send SEIZE RESOURCE
message to selected M-MGW
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
12. M-MGW send reply by ACK
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
13. T-Server forward IAM to
terminating end i.e. PSTN
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
14. PSTN reply by ACM
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
15. T-Server forward ACM to MSC-S
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
16. MSC-S order M-MGW to through
connection back to party “A”
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
17. MSC-S alert party “A” by sending
ring back tone and party “B” by ring
tone
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
18. As “B” party answer the call and
send ANM to T-Server
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
19. T-Server inform ANM to MSC-S
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
20. MSC-S order to through both way
speech path
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
21. MSC-S order to RNC to connect call
to traffic channel by CONNECT
message
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
22. RNC send ACK
MSC
Server 1
T-MSC
Server 1
PSTN/ISDN/PLM
N
RNC
M-MGW 1
M-MGW 2
IP
BS
23. The UMTS call path has been
established
GSM Toward LTE Networks
LTE/SAE Architecture
LTE/SAE Architecture
Product dimension
PA/DU Core & IMS
IP networks
SGi
HLR/HSS
HLR/HSS
”HLR/HSS”
Gr
PCRF
PCRF
S6a
S7
EPC
S4
SGSN
SGSN
S3
MME
MME
S11
”Mobility Server”S10
Gb
Iu CP
PDN
GW
PDN GW
Serving GW
Serving
GW
”Gateway”
Iu UP
S1-MME
BSC
RNC
Iur
S1-U
RBS
eNodeBB
eNode
BTS
2G
S2a/b
PA/DU Radio
X2
Node B
3G
LTE
OSS
Non-3GPP access
Lecture link
www.lte.yolasite.com