Big Question: What does
it mean to be a pioneer?
Author:
Lillian
Schlissel
Genre:
Expository
Nonfiction
Small Group
Timer
Review Games
 Story
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Vocabulary Words:
 Arcade
Games
 Study Stack
 Spelling City: Vocabulary
 Spelling City: Spelling Words
Spelling
Words
Words with ci and ti
• precious
• commercial
• especially
• ancient
• gracious
• position
• question
• suggestion
• friction
• lotion
• potion
• digestion
• artificial
• glacier
• cautious
• efficient
• sensational
• vicious
• official
• ration
• fictitious
• vaccination
• beneficial
• precocious
• emancipation
Big Question: What
does it mean to be a
pioneer?
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Vocabulary Words
Vocabulary Words
 bondage
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
commissioned
earthen
encounter
homesteaders
settlement
More Words to Know
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desolate
sharecroppers
herd
legend
rugged
scout
Monday
Question of the Day
What does it mean to be
a pioneer?
Today we will learn about:

Build Concepts

Cause and effect

Prior Knowledge

Build Background

Vocabulary

Fluency: Tone of Voice

Grammar: Possessive Pronouns

Spelling: Words with ci and ti

American Frontier
Fluency
Model Tone of Voice
Fluency: Model Tone of Voice
 Listen
as I read “Under the
Coonskin Cap.”
 As I read, notice how I use my
tone of voice to show the
humor. Imagine sitting around
a campfire listening to a
storyteller.
 Be ready to answer questions
after I finish.
Fluency: Model Tone of Voice
 What
caused Davy Crockett to
join the Tennessee Volunteer
Militia?
 What kind of character does
the text present in its
description of Crockett?
Concept Vocabulary
herd – to care for and drive cattle
 legend – a person whose
achievements and deeds are a part
of history
 rugged – rough, sturdy, hardy, and
strong
 scout – person sent to find out
what the enemy is doing


(Next slide)
herd
rugged
scout
Concept
Vocabulary
(To add information to the graphic organizer,
click on end show, type in your new
information, and save your changes.)
Build Concept Vocabulary
herd, legend, rugged, scout
Work
American
Frontier
Pioneers
Military
Cause and
Effect, Prior
Knowledge
Turn to Page 456 - 457.
Prior Knowledge
Name important events you know about the Civil War
and the nation’s growth in the years that followed.
Date
Prior Knowledge
 This
week’s audio explores
African American cowboys.
After we listen, we will
discuss what you learned
about African Americans and
the Wild West.
Vocabulary
Words
Vocabulary Words
 bondage – being held against
your will under the control of
another; slavery
 commissioned – holding the
rank of second lieutenant or
above in the U.S. Army
 earthen – made of ground,
soil, or earth
Vocabulary Words
 encounter – meet
unexpectedly; meet in a battle
 homesteaders – persons who
own and live on land granted by
the U.S. government
 settlement – group of
buildings and the people living
in them
More Words to Know
 desolate – not lived in;
deserted
 sharecroppers – people who
farm land for the owner in
return for part of the crops

(Next Slide)
bondage
earthen
settlement
desolate
homesteaders
sharecroppers
Grammar
Possessive Pronouns
having they own land was pretious
to formerly enslaved african
americans
 Having their own land was precious
to formerly enslaved African
Americans.
 in the southwest, many people
builded them homes from dried
mud.
 In the Southwest, many people
built their homes from dried mud.

Possessive Pronouns
 We
had a new appreciation for our
basic freedoms after we read the
amendments to the Constitution.
 Our is a possessive pronoun that
shows ownership. Ask the
question “to whom does our
freedom belong,” and the answer
is “our freedom belongs to us.”
Possessive Pronouns
 Pronouns
that show ownership
are called possessive
pronouns. A possessive
pronoun and its antecedent
must agree in number and
gender.
Possessive Pronouns
 Before
you use a possessive
pronoun, ask yourself whether
the antecedent is singular or
plural. If the antecedent is
singular, decide whether it is
masculine, feminine, or neuter.
Then choose a pronoun that
agrees.
Possessive Pronouns
 My/mine,
your/yours, his,
her/hers, its, our/ours,
their/theirs
 My, your, her, our, and theirs
are always used with nouns.
 Your understanding of history
is important.
Possessive Pronouns
 Mine,
yours, hers, ours, and
theirs stand alone.
 Is that history book yours?
Possessive Pronouns
 His
and its can be used with
nouns or can stand alone.
 His book report was on a
biography of Satchel Paige. The
book about Satchel Paige was his.
 Do
not use an apostrophe with a
possessive pronoun.
Possessive Pronouns
Find the possessive pronouns.
 Research increased my
understanding of the Civil War.
 my
 Some homesteaders built their
houses by piling layers of sod.
 their
Possessive Pronouns
Find the possessive pronouns.
 The Nicodemus Blues was one
of our nation’s first black
baseball teams.
 our
 Is American history your
favorite subject?
 your
Possessive Pronouns
Find the possessive pronouns.
 That Louisiana farmer was able
to buy his own land.
 his
 The soldiers in the Union Army
knew the uniforms were theirs.
 theirs
Possessive Pronouns
Find the possessive pronouns.
 The goat used its hooves to
climb through the snow.
 its
 The report about African
American cowboys is mine.
 mine
Possessive Pronouns
Find the possessive pronouns.
 This antique sewing machine is
ours, and that spinning wheel
is hers.
 ours, hers
 My dream of freedom is the
same as yours.
 My, yours
Possessive Pronouns
Choose the correct possessive pronouns.
 On
July 31, the town of Dunlap
celebrated (its, his) own holiday.
 its
 The pioneer woman warmed
(her, hers) home with fire
fueled from buffalo chips.
 her
Possessive Pronouns
Find the possessive pronouns.
 In hot, dry climates, pioneers
used adobe bricks to build
(their, theirs) homes.
 their
 The Civil War tore apart this
country of (our, ours).
 ours
Possessive Pronouns
Find the possessive pronouns.
 (Your,
yours) family has a long
history in this community.
 Your
Spelling
Words
Words with ci and ti
• precious
• commercial
• especially
• ancient
• gracious
• position
• question
• suggestion
• friction
• lotion
• potion
• digestion
• artificial
• glacier
• cautious
• efficient
• sensational
• vicious
• official
• ration
• fictitious
• vaccination
• beneficial
• precocious
• emancipation
Tuesday
Question of the Day
What were some things
that made pioneer life
difficult?
Today we will learn about:


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







Vocabulary Strategy Lesson: Context Clues
Cause and Effect
Prior Knowledge
Author’s Purpose
Vocabulary
Fluency: Choral Reading
Grammar: Possessive Pronouns
Spelling: Words with ci and ti
Time for Social Studies: The Reconstruction
Period
The Westward Movement
American Frontier
Vocabulary
Strategy:
Context Clues
Turn to Page 458- 459.
Black
Frontiers
Turn to Page 460 - 467.
Fluency
Choral Reading
Fluency: Choral Reading
 Turn
to page 462, beginning with
“He said he had been a soldier,”
through page 463.
 As I read, notice for my softer
tone as I read what Solomon says
about Kansas.
 We will practice as a class doing
three choral readings.
Grammar
Possessive Pronouns
befour the civil war fricion arose
between the north and the south
 Before the Civil War, friction
arose between the North and the
South.
 in 1879 freedom will be cherished,
especialy by former slaves
 In 1879 freedom was cherished,
especially by former slaves.

Possessive Pronouns
 Pronouns
that show ownership
are called possessive pronouns.
 My, your, her, our, and their
are used before nouns.
 Mine, yours, hers, ours, and
theirs are used alone.
 His and its can be used with
nouns or can stand alone.
Spelling
Words
Words with ci and ti
• precious
• commercial
• especially
• ancient
• gracious
• position
• question
• suggestion
• friction
• lotion
• potion
• digestion
• artificial
• glacier
• cautious
• efficient
• sensational
• vicious
• official
• ration
• fictitious
• vaccination
• beneficial
• precocious
• emancipation
Wednesday
Question of the Day
What are similarities in
the ways black and white
Americans helped in the
expansion of the country?
Today we will learn about:
Cause and Effect
 Prior Knowledge
 Context Clues
 Vocabulary
 Fluency: Tone of Voice
 Grammar: Possessives Pronouns
 Spelling: Words with ci and ti
 Time for Social Studies: native
American and African Americans
 American Frontier

Black
Frontiers
Turn to Page 468 - 474.
Fluency
Tone of Voice
Fluency: Tone of Voice
 Turn
to page 473, first
paragraph.
 As I read, notice how my voice
takes on a serious tone as the
writer draws a conclusion.
 Now we will practice together
as a class by doing three
choral readings.
Grammar
Possessive Pronouns
nearly 180,000 african americans
fighted in the union army
 Nearly 180,000 African Americans
fought in the Union Army.
 every enslaved person longed for
he or she freedom
 Every enslaved person longed for
his or her freedom.

Possessive Pronouns
 Pronouns
that show ownership
are called possessive pronouns.
 My, your, her, our, and their
are used before nouns.
 Mine, yours, hers, ours, and
theirs are used alone.
 His and its can be used with
nouns or can stand alone.
Possessive Pronouns
 Possessive
pronouns can make
your writing easier to read if
they are used correctly.
 No: Are you coming to mine?
 Yes: Are you coming to my
recital?
Possessive Pronouns
 Check
something you have
written to see if you have
used possessive pronouns
correctly.
Spelling
Words
Words with ci and ti
• precious
• commercial
• especially
• ancient
• gracious
• position
• question
• suggestion
• friction
• lotion
• potion
• digestion
• artificial
• glacier
• cautious
• efficient
• sensational
• vicious
• official
• ration
• fictitious
• vaccination
• beneficial
• precocious
• emancipation
Thursday
Question of the Day
Are dreams necessary
for growth and change?
Explain.
Today we will learn about:
 Poetry
 Genre
 Reading
Across Texts
 Fluency: Partner Reading
 Grammar: Possessive Pronouns
 Spelling: Words with ci and ti
 Make a Map
“Poems by
Langston
Hughes”
Turn to Page 476 - 477.
Fluency
Partner Reading
Fluency: Partner Reading
 Turn
to page 473, first
paragraph.
 Read this page three times
with a partner. Be sure to read
using a serious, convincing
tone. Offer each other
feedback.
Grammar
Possessive Pronouns
the indians nicknamed the
black troops buffalo soldiers
 The Indians nicknamed the
black troops Buffalo Soldiers.
 the farmers pateintly waited
for his crops to grow.
 The farmers patiently waited
for their crops to grow.

Possessive Pronouns
 Pronouns
that show ownership
are called possessive pronouns.
 My, your, her, our, and their
are used before nouns.
 Mine, yours, hers, ours, and
theirs are used alone.
 His and its can be used with
nouns or can stand alone.
Possessive Pronouns
 Test
Tip: When taking a test,
remember that possessive
pronouns do not use
apostrophes. Do not confuse
possessive pronouns with
contractions that combine a
pronoun with a verb.
Possessive Pronouns
 No:
Find you’re coat.
 Yes: Find your coat.
 No: The dog hurt it’s paw.
 Yes: The dog hurt its paw.
Spelling
Words
Words with ci and ti
• precious
• commercial
• especially
• ancient
• gracious
• position
• question
• suggestion
• friction
• lotion
• potion
• digestion
• artificial
• glacier
• cautious
• efficient
• sensational
• vicious
• official
• ration
• fictitious
• vaccination
• beneficial
• precocious
• emancipation
Friday
Question of the Day
What does it mean to
be a pioneer?
Today we will learn about:
 Build
Concept Vocabulary
 Cause and Effect
 Author’s Viewpoint/Bias
 Context Clues
 Grammar: Possessive Pronouns
 Spelling: Words with ci and ti
 Note Taking
 American Frontier
Cause and Effect
A
cause is what makes
something happen.
 An effect is something that
happens as a result of a cause.
 Sometimes several causes lead
to one effect.
Cause and Effect
 Clue
words and phrases, such
as consequently, as a result,
and therefore, can help you
spot cause-effect
relationships.
 Sometimes, though, there are
no clue words.
Author’s Viewpoint/Bias
A
viewpoint is how a person
looks at the world. Every
person has his or her own
individual viewpoint of events,
people, and ideas.
Author’s Viewpoint/Bias
A
bias is a slant. If a person
is biased about a topic, he or
she has a slanted view of that
topic. Being biased is the
opposite of being objective.
Context Clues
 You
can use context clues to
determine the meaning of
unfamiliar words.
 List any unfamiliar words you find
while reading Black Frontiers.
 Create a chart showing the
unfamiliar word, helpful context
clues, and the definition of the
word based on its context.
Context Clues
Word
Context Clues
Meaning
 How
can you keep track of the
information you find while
doing research, reading a
story, or studying?
 Taking notes is a good way to
record your findings, as well as
sort and remember
information.
Note Taking
 In
doing research, keep key
words and questions in front of
you so that you can refer to
them and remember to make
notes about them.
 Paraphrase, or state the
information in your own words.
Note Taking
 Use
keywords, phrases, or
short sentences.
 Synthesize, or combine, the
information to include only
important details.
Grammar
Possessive Pronouns
the riverboat Captain was cautous
about giving passage to the
sharecropper
 The riverboat captain was
cautious about giving passage to
the sharecropper.
 in the Winter, pioneers stayed w
arm under earthen rooves
 In the winter, pioneers stayed
warm under earthen roofs.

Possessive Pronouns
 Pronouns
that show ownership
are called possessive pronouns.
 My, your, her, our, and their
are used before nouns.
 Mine, yours, hers, ours, and
theirs are used alone.
 His and its can be used with
nouns or can stand alone.
Spelling
Words
Words with ci and ti
• precious
• commercial
• especially
• ancient
• gracious
• position
• question
• suggestion
• friction
• lotion
• potion
• digestion
• artificial
• glacier
• cautious
• efficient
• sensational
• vicious
• official
• ration
• fictitious
• vaccination
• beneficial
• precocious
• emancipation
We are now ready to
take our story tests.
Story test
◦ Classroom webpage,
◦ Reading Test
 AR
◦ Other Reading Quizzes
◦ Quiz #
