Ch 9 Cellular Reproduction Review
1. Are all cells the same size?
2. Each cell grows to a certain ____________.
3. Cells are limited to what size?______________.
4. What two reasons do we want cells to remain small?
5. What process is limited in distance for cell transport?
6. Which type of cell Lg/Small is better at transport efficiency?
7. Cellular communication depends on what?
8. Which pathway short/long works best in cellular communication?
9. Cells grow then function as they are meant to then they get ready to divide and then
divide and then start all over again…this is known as the ___________ ___________.
10. Cell reproduction means to ______________.
11. How many phases of the cell cycle are there?
12. Name the main phases of the cell cycle
13. The cell cycle occurs during what phase of mitosis?
14. Describe what the cell does during G1 phase or Growth phase.
15. What does S mean in the S phase of the cell cycle?
16. What 2 things happen during S phase?
17. What happens during G2 phase of the cell cycle?
18. What does M mean in the M phase of the cell cycle?
19. How many stages are there in Mitosis?
20. Name the stages of mitosis (need to memorize).
21. In short, what happens in mitosis?
22. What process happens right after mitosis?
23. Describe Cytokinesis.
24. what are the two cells produced called?
25. Describe the DNA of the 2 new cells.
26. Is the duration of the cell cycle the same for all cells?
27. How many cell cycle checkpoints are there?
28. Go phase is called what?
29. When does the 1st checkpoint (Go phase) occur?
30. What does the 1st cell cycle checkpoint check?
31. If something is wrong at the 1st checkpoint, what are the two options for the cell to
do?
32. What is Apoptosis?
33. When does the 2end cell cycle checkpoint happen?
34. What does the 2end cell cycle checkpoint check?
35. What 4 things in the environment are checked to ensure that the new divided cell can
survive?
36. Explain what Chromatin is? Where is it located?
37. What two proteins control the cell cycle?
9.2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
1. Define mitosis…
2. Why do you need two copies of DNA?
3. Define Cytokinesis…
4. What are the 4 phases of mitosis after Interphase?
5. Which of the 4 phases is the longest?
6. What happens to chromatin during prophase?
7. Each chromosome contains what information?
8. In what phase was DNA copied?
9. A chromosome is made up of ____________ connected by a ______________.
10. The top shorter chromatids are also known as ______ while the lower ones are called
________.
11. Define a sister chromatid…
12. When does the Nuclear membrane disappear. What phase?
13. When does the Spindle Apparatus form? What phase?
14. How many parts are there to the Spindle Apparatus?
15. Name the parts of the spindle apparatus.
16. What is the function of the Aster Fibers?
17. Aster fibers surround what?
18. What is the function of the Spindle Fibers?
19. In plant cells, how is the spindle apparatus different?
20. Which phase of mitosis is the shortest?
21. What do chromosomes do in Metaphase?
22. In Anaphase, What happens to the sister chromatids of chromosomes?
23. What causes or pulls them apart?
24. What happens to the chromatids once they are pulled apart?
25. In what phase do the chromosomes reach the poles of the cell and begin to
relax(uncoil)?
26. When does the Nuclear membrane return…reappear?
27. In what phase does the spindle apparatus disappear?
28. When does Cytokinesis begin?
29. Define Cytokinesis.
30. What are the two cells formed from cytokinesis called?
31. In animal cells, what is the area where the microfilaments pinch the cell half called…
32. In plant cells, the cell wall cannot be pinched, instead what is formed to divide the
cell?
9.3 Cell cycle regulation and cancer
1. What 2 proteins control the cell cycle.
2. Name 3 things that cyclins control…
3. Cyclins bind to what in order to control cell activities.
4. What might happen if cyclins bind in a wrong manner with CDK’s?
5. What is a carcinogen?
6. Name 3 things that might lead to cancer.