Start of World War II 1938-1940 1938 March 12, Anschluss: Austria is annexed to the "Greater German Reich Groszdeutschland" ("Blumenkrieg"). On 15 March Hitler in Vienna. 1938 May 20, 1938 June, Czechoslovakia mobilizes its military. Chinese forces breach the dykes along the Yellow River to slow the Japan advancing forces. Over 1.000.000 Chinese peasants dies in the floods and fighting. 1938 July, Soviet and Japanese forces battle near Lake Hassan on the border of Manchukuo. 1938 September 30, Munich Conference (Agreement): Britain (British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain) France (Daladier) and Italy (Mussoline) grant Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland to Hitler to avoid war; Hitler gives Chamberlain his personal word on future cooperation 1938 October 1, Germany owns the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia. 1938 November, Japan proclaims a "New Order in East Asia", with Japan as the lead nation. 1938 November 9, "Kristallnacht" (Night of Broken Glass): Nazi authorities orchestrate a nationwide pogrom against Germany's Jewish population. Nazi destroy the homes, shops and synagogues of Jews in Germany following the murder of German diplomat Ernst vom Rath, a diplomatic assistant, by Herschel Grynszpan a French Jew in the German Embassy in Paris. 191 synagogues burns, 76 destroyed, 20.000 Jews arrested. Ernst Vom Rath Herschel Grynszpan 1938 November 10, Adolf Hitler set to press the task, to prepare the German people for a very long war. 1938 November 28, Limitation freedom of movement for Jews; forbid drivers’ liscense, visiting theatres, concerts and cinemas for the Jews. January 1939, Hitler predicts in a speech to the "Reichstag" that a war in Europe would lead to "the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe":"The destruction of the Jews Reichstag Speech 1933-1940 18 March 1939, 28 March 1939, Stalin ask for coalition against Hitler, Chamberlain refused The Spanish Civil War ended April 1939, Great Britain and France guarantee help to Greece and Romania, should they be attacked by Germany or Italy 7 April 1939, Italian troops invade Albania, 14 April 1939, Roosevelt ask Hitler and Mussolini to stop the violence and make a proposal to hold a conference. May 1939, From May to September 1939 Japan and the Soviet Union fought a fierce, large-scale undeclared war on the Mongolian plains that ended with a decisive Soviet victory with two important results: Japan reoriented its strategic emphasis toward the south, leading to war with the United States, Britain, and the Netherlands; and Russia freed itself from the fear of fighting on two fronts, thus vitally affecting the course of the war with Germany. 22 May 1939, Germany and Italy sign "The Pact of Steel," a formal alliance. MP 38/40 MP-40 (Germany) Caliber: 9x19mm Luger/Para Weight: 4.7 kg loaded, 4.03 kg empty Rate of fire: 500 rounds per minute Magazine capacity: 32 rounds Effective range: ca. 100 meters Burned hands during extended fire 1.2 million manufactured prior to and during WWII 15 August 1939, Indian troops arrive in Egypt to reinforce British forces around the Suez Canal. 19 August 1939, Fourteen German U-boats are sent to patrol the North Atlantic Ocean. Relative Strength at Sea before WW II Germany Great-Britain France Aircraft carriers 7 1 Carriers 2 1 Battle-ships 2 15 7 Armoured ships 3 7 Coasters 3 Heavy cruisers 2 15 7 Light cruisers Torpedo boats /destroyers Minelayers/cruisers Mine sweepers Escort vessels Torpedo motor-boats Submarine/U-boats Germany Great-Britain France 6 38 49 230 11 81 72 10 25 57 7 46 55 44 62 4 16 8 50 79 23 August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union signed a nonaggression pact in Moscow September 1, 1939 "Operation Weiss": German troops invade Poland. German tanks thundered across the Polish border at precisely 0445 hours 2 September 1939, Italy declares neutrality in the German/Poland conflict. The ocean liner S.S. Athenia is torpedoed by the German U-boat U30. Over 112 civilians died at sea, 69 women, 16 children and 28 men. America and Canada were popular destinations, trying to escape from War. 3 September 1939, Begin of World War II. Iraq and Saudi Arabia break diplomatic relations, Great Britain and France, follow by India, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand, declare war on Germany 17 September 1939, Russian troops invade eastern Poland. 24 September 1939, 25 September 1939, Began of the bombing of Warsaw with 1150 bombers. Warsaw is blitzed from the air as the German ground forces prepare for an assault on the capital. Warsaw again bombed by 400 German aircraft dropping incendiary, highexplosive bombs. The water pipes ruptured and its fire-fighters evacuated, the fires cannot be quenched. 27 September 1939, Warschau (Poland) surrenders to Nazi Germany 2 October 1939, The Pan-American Conference sets up the 300 mile security and neutrality zone around the American coast agreed on 23 September. Within this zone all hostile actions by the belligerent powers is forbidden. 14 October 1939, The British Royal Navy battleship HMS Royal Oak sunk by the German U-boat U47 8 November 1939, The first murder attempt on Adolf Hitler is made in a Bürgerbräukeller (a Munich beer hall) in Munchen by carpenter George Elser The wreckage caused by the bomb explosion in the Munich beer-hall. Hitler left the hall 27 minutes before the explosion took place. Then the ceiling collapsed and the platform from which Hitler had been speaking was buried 10ft under debris.