Sam Mills and Marcus Kreitzer
 Art
movement of
European avantgarde in early 20th
century.
 Began in Zurich,
Switzerland in
1916.
 Dada came about
in a tavern called
the Cabaret
Voltaire.
 The
Cabaret provided an environment
with ideal conditions for artistic
freedom and experimentation
 Jean Arp, Richard Huelsenbeck,
Marcel Janco, Sophie Taeuber, and
Tristan Tzara are all famous artists
that gathered in the tavern. Together
they formed the dada movement or
"revolution"
Born
out of negative reaction to
World War I.
Artists rebelling against what they
saw as “cultural snobbery,
bourgeois convention, and
political support for the war.”
Artists were against following the
direction that society was heading
in.
 Tristan
Tzara
launched an art
and literature
review called
“Dada” which
was like a
magazine that he
used to
propagate
Dadaist art and
ideals throughout
Europe.
 Not
sure about where the word “Dada”
originated from.



Means “hobby horse” in French
Others feel it is baby talk
“Dada” was the catchphrase that made the least
amount of sense.
 Dadaism
has since spread to many
cities including Berlin, Cologne, New
York, Paris, Netherlands, Georgia,
Yugoslavia, Italy, Tokyo, and Ireland.




"It seemed that the very incompatibility of character, origins
and attitudes which existed among the Dadaists created the
tension which gave, to this fortuitous conjunction of people
from all points of the compass, its unified dynamic force.“ –
Hans Richter
"The beginnings of Dada were not the beginnings of art, but
of disgust.“ -Tristan Tzara
"We had lost confidence in our culture. Everything had to be
demolished. We would begin again after the tabula rasa. At
the Cabaret Voltaire we began by shocking the bourgeois,
demolishing his idea of art, attacking common sense, public
opinion, education, institutions, museums, good taste, in
short, the whole prevailing order.“ –Marcel Janco
"It is necessary to clarify the intentions of this cabaret. It is
its aim to remind the world that there are people of
independent minds—beyond war and nationalism—who live
for different ideals.“ –Hugo Ball
Dada
did not follow any rules when it
came to the artwork.
Intended to provoke an emotional
reaction.
Saw themselves as an “anti-art”
movement.
Main influences were abstraction and
expressionism.
No
predominant medium used
Dadaists wanted to “present an
intriguing paradox in that they seek
to demystify artwork in the populist
sense but nevertheless remain
cryptic enough to allow the viewer to
interpret works in a variety of ways.”
 Developed
by the Berlin Dada Group
 Variation of collage where all of the
pieces of the collage are actual
photographs or photo-realistic
images pasted together.
Raoul Hausmann
Hannah Höch
 The
Dadaists took after the Cubists in making
collages.
 Their collages consisted of papers fabric and
other two dimentional objects that were pasted
together in order to make their art more like
everyday life.
 Their collages were more abstract than the
cubists and their material selection was much
more diverse.
Kurt Schwitters
Hans Arp
 Essentially
3D collage.
 Instead of 2D items pasted together
it was 3D items nailed and screwed
together.
 The assortment of objects was could
be endless.
Raoul Hausmann
Kurt Schwitters
 Work
created by other artists that is
taken and modified
 Invented by Marcel Duchamp
 Pushed the boundaries of what was
considered art
Man Ray
Marcel Duchamp
 Dadaists
played with unconventional
typographic design
 They mixed fonts, used improper punctuation
and had randomly placed printer's symbols all
over the page
 Tristan Tzara stated "Each page must explode,
either by deep and weight seriousness—the
whirlwind, the vertigo, the new, the eternal—by
the crushing jokes, by the enthusiasm for the
principles, or by the manner of being printed."
Hans Richter
Richard Huelsenbeck
 Invented
by Hugo Ball
 They were poems that consisted of abstract
words created by syllables of other words that
were then turned into meaningless sounds
 Examples:


http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2006/dada/techniq
ues/sound/schwitters.mp3 Kurt Schwitters
http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2006/dada/techniq
ues/sound/hausmann.mp3 Raoul Hausmann
 Works
of art created by accidents and
the laws of chance
 Seen as a way expelling conscious
control
 Got rid of the occasional meaningless
decisions made by artists
Raoul Hausmann
Hans Arp
 Dadaists
experimented with double
exposures, odd subjects, and bizarre
perspectives
 They also did photograms which is
photography without a camera.
Objects were placed on photosensitive
paper that is then exposed to light.
Man Ray
 Invented
by Max
Ernst
 He painted over
pages of print
materials in order
to make them his
own
 He painted over
wallpapers,
instruction
booklets,
catalogues, etc.
 According
to Arp himself, in his early works
he "embroidered, wove, painted, and pasted
static geometric pictures."
 For Arp, using new materials meant rejecting
tradition, and working in techniques
considered "applied" opened up plenty of
new possibilities.
 Wanted to take all traces of human
personality out of his work.

For example: In his collages he used a paper cutter instead
of scissors to eliminate the trace of the artist's hand.
 As
he developed his collage works, he
stopped using the geometrical aspect and
explored the use of abstract forms through
nature.
 Arp wanted to create an art that could act
as a cultural restorative for an era brutalized
by the horrific events of World War I.
Untitled (Forest),
1916/1917
painted wood
relief
Untitled (Collage
with Squares
Arranged According
to the Laws of
Chance)
collage of torn
papers on paper
Plastron et
fourchette
1922
painted wood
relief
Invented
the sound poem.
Advocated the destruction of the
rationalized language that for him
represented what had led to the
"agony and death throes of this
age.“
Wanted to discover a new language
that was untainted.
Ball's 1917 text "Karawane" and a
reproduction of a 1916 photograph of
Ball in his "cubist costume" at Cabaret
Voltaire
 Editor
of “Dada”, an art and literature
review which he used to propagate
Dadaist art and ideals throughout Europe.
 Wrote poetry.
 Incorporated scraps of sound, bits of
newspaper, and phrases resembling
African dialects into his poetry.
 Early
in his career Duchamp had a scientific
attitude when it came to art, compiling
notes and experimenting with methods of
measurement and mechanical drawing.
 Invented the readymade method.
 Experimented with the visual tricks
produced by forms in motion.
 Works filled with jokes, wit and subversive
humor with sexual innuendoes.
Fountain, 1964 (fifth
version)
Assisted readymade:
porcelain urinal turned
on its back
Apolinère Enameled,
1916–1917
rectified readymade:
gouache and pencil on
painted tin
(advertising sign for
Sapolin Enamel)
mounted on board
Rotative Demisphère 1924,
Motorized optical device:
painted wood demisphere
fitted on velvet disk, copper
collar with Plexiglas dome,
motor, pulley, and metal stand
 Early
works were influenced by cubism,
futurism, and expressionism.
 World War I had a lasting impact on his art,
he used his personal experiences to depict
absurd and apocalyptic scenes.
 Began creating collages in 1919, reworking
dull materials to make new, stunning
images.
 He developed the technique of frottage

Frottage: laying paper on the floor and rubbing over
it with pencil to create the textural effect of wood.
Célèbes
(Celebes
) or Der
Elefant
von
Celebes
L'ange du
Foyer ou Le
Triomphe du
Surréalisme
Europe
After The
Rain.
 http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2006/dada/cit
ies/index.shtm
 http://www.theartstory.org/index.html
 http://www.surrealists.co.uk/ernst.php
 http://arthistory.about.com/cs/arthistory10one
/a/dada.htm
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dada
 http://www.artic.edu/reynolds/essays/hofman
n.php
 http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1
49499/Dada