Identifying High Priority
Applications that Could
Leverage VII
• James Schultz
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
• Michigan Department of
Transportation
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Presentation Outline
 What are Applications (Use Cases)
 Where did they come from?
 Process: How did the State DOT’s rank
them?
 Who are the State DOT’s involved?
 Why rank them?
 Pick early winners
 Stress the architecture
 What are the winners?
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
 Now what?
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VII Initiative
 VII is focused on enabling technology
 Use Cases basis of architecture
 Actual development of applications
not part of VII initiative
 Several separate efforts underway or
planned to develop applications
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
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Use Cases:
A Collection of Applications
• Vehicle Manufacturers and Public
Sector participants have developed a
composite set of Use Cases in a
database
• Provides a translation of high level
definition of functional wants and
needs to specific system requirements
• Defines system capacities,
boundaries, scope and human
machine interfaces (HMI) requirements
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
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Use Case Database
• Document integrates identified Use
Cases from several organizations
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Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
AMI-C, TRB, CAMP, VSCC, ARINC, ASTM
Original completed 7/26/04
Latest revision 12/2/04
Includes many VII characteristics
Does not contain well-defined Use Case
descriptions
• Developing complete detailed set
of Use Case documents is work
in progress
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Attributes Captured in Database
• Title, type, assigned number
• Public Sector and Vehicle Manufacturer
priorities (initial)
• Defines the customer of each
• Type of Human Machine Interface
• Architecture type
• Map database type
• Probe data needed or not
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Infrastructure
Integration
• Technology readiness timeframe
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State DOT’s
Involved in Use Case Ranking
• California
• Idaho
• Indiana
• Florida
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• New York
• Utah
• Washington
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Infrastructure
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AASHTO – American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
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Vehicle Probes could provide:
• 200 million active probes operating on
our road systems
• Potential Coverage of Every Major
Road
• Ability to send information as well as
receive it
• Real time!
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Infrastructure
Integration
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Sample Probe Data
• Vehicle Sensor
– GPS Data
– Location
– Traction Control
– Snow, Ice, Wet
Pavement
– Abrupt Stop, Skidding
– ABS (Braking)
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Infrastructure
Integration
• Data Inference
– Speed
– Approach Speed to
Signal, Congestion
Levels, Speed Limits
– Airbag
– Accident
– Wipers
– Moisture
– Headlights
– Fog Lights
– Ambient Air Temperature
– Darkness
– Fog
– Freezing?
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Process
• Classify
– Communications
option
– Public, private, or
private/public
– Safety, Mobility, or
other
• Rank
– Review US DOT
Programs
– Personal Experience
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Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO Ranking (1st Cut)
• Basis
– Subjective: based on
personal experience
and review of US DOT
Programs
• Value
– averaged individual
State rankings
– numerical values were
determined
– placing them into High
/ Medium / Low priority
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Infrastructure
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VII – US DOT Programs
Developing the Applications
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Infrastructure
Integration
 Cooperative Intersection Collision
Avoidance Systems
 Integrated Vehicle Based Safety Systems
 Nationwide Surface Transportation
Weather Observing and Forecasting
System - Clarus
 Intelligent Vehicle Initiative
 Vehicle Infrastructure Integration for
Mobility
 Vehicle Assist and Automation System for
Transit Operations
 Teen Driving Electronic Report Card
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AASHTO Rankings - Summary
• 110 total Use Cases
– 29 ranked High (26%)
• 22 Safety, 7 Mobility
– 28 ranked Medium (25%)
• 16 Safety, 7 Mobility, 5 Other
– 53 ranked Low (49%)
• 14 Safety, 5 Mobility, 32 Other
• 2 Not understood
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO “High” Priority
Rankings - Safety (22) Overview
• Collision and
violations (6)
• Roadway
assistance (5)
• Commercial /
emergency vehicles
(4)
• Crash response (3)
• Vehicle-based
safety data (4)
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO “High” Priority
Rankings - Safety
• Collision and violations (6)
– Intersection collision warning
– Signalized intersection violation
warning (external warning)
– Traffic signal violation warning
(in-vehicle warning)
– Stop sign movement assistance
– Stop sign violation warning
– Highway/rail collision warning
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Infrastructure
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Signal Violation Warning: Vehicle
Approaching
Example Scenario
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Infrastructure
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Range Of Possible
Countermeasures
Warn the Driver
Modify Signal Timing
Partial Vehicle Control
Full Vehicle Control
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Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO “High” Priority
Rankings - Safety
• Roadway
assistance (5)
– In-vehicle highway
signage
– Road condition
warning
– Lane departure
warning
(electronic rumble
strips)
– Curve speed warning /
rollover warning
– Work zone warning
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Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO “High” Priority
Rankings - Safety
• Commercial /
emergency vehicles (4)
– Commercial vehicle
electronic clearance
– Commercial vehicle safety
data
– Approaching emergency
vehicle warning
– Emergency vehicle ahead
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO “High” Priority
Rankings - Safety
• Crash response (3)
– SOS services
– Crash data to Public Service Answering Point
(PSAP)
– Post-crash warning
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO “High” Priority
Rankings - Safety
• Vehicle-based safety data
(4)
– Vehicle-based road condition
warning
– Vehicle probes provide road
surface conditions data
– Vehicle probes provide weather
data
– Vehicle-to-Vehicle road feature
notification
Vehicle
Infrastructure
Integration
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AASHTO “High” Priority Rankings –
Mobility (7) Overview
–
–
–
–
–
–
Vehicles as traffic probes
Incident information to vehicles
Travel time data to vehicles
Electronic payment
Enhanced route guidance and navigation
Crash data to Transportation Operations
Center (TOC)
– Origin and Destination (OD) data to TOC
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Infrastructure
Integration
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Priorities of CAMP Vehicle Safety
Communications Consortium
• Cooperative Forward Collision
Warning
• Emergency Electronic Brake Lights
– See example
• Lane Change Warning
• Pre-Crash Sensing
• Curve Speed (Rollover) Warning
• Left Turn Assistant
• Stop Sign Movement Assistance
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Infrastructure
Integration
• Traffic Signal Violation Warning
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Emergency Electronic Brake Light
(EEBL)
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Infrastructure
Integration
• Description:
“This application
will help the
driver of
following
vehicles by giving
an early
notification of
lead vehicle
braking hard
….”
BRAKING!
WARNING
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Next Steps in Collaboration
• Benefit / Cost Study
– Which Use Cases give us the biggest ROI?
• Perspectives
– Which Use Cases will be ready on Day #1?
• Assume launch is within 5 years?
• Are use cases provided as original equipment or as
a product from consumer electronics / aftermarket
– Which Use Cases will stress the VII
Architecture?
– Can the Auto Industry provide a precompetitive ranked list?
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Infrastructure
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Next Steps in Collaboration
• The public sector and industry will
continue to refine its initial set of use
cases:
– Priorities will be affected by technology readiness,
market pull, benefit-cost analysis, and scaled
deployment levels
• Applications will be selected for the
National Test Bed later this year
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Infrastructure
Integration
• Many non-safety related Use Cases
will be independently developed by
Vehicle Manufacturers and third party
providers
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VII Outreach
• How to learn more:
– Public VII Website (ITS America)
• http://www.its.dot.gov/vii/index.htm
– Published report about the February 2005 “VII Public
Meeting” in San Francisco (NTOC)
• http://www.itsa.org/vii_meeting.html
• http://www.ntoctalks.com/icdn/vii_pubmtg_v1.php
– Summary of Roundtable Discussions at ITS America’s
2005 Annual Meeting on VII’s Potential Future Impact
on Operations (NTOC)
• http://www.ntoctalks.com/icdn/vii_roundtable_itsa05
.php
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Infrastructure
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