Linking
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UKSG Serial Resource Management for 21st Century Getting Technical - Linking Ross MacIntyre MIMAS University of Manchester Primary funding is provided by the JISC and ESRC. Based at Manchester Computing, The University of Manchester. 11 A mixed bag of jargon • The basics of the web • Linking – D.I.Y. – DOI – CrossRef – OpenURL • Open Archives Initiative – ‘e-prints’ • Usage statistics Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 2 How does the Web (currently) work? 3 simple protocols: Data Format HTML Addressing URL Transport HTTP Data Formats HTML (HyperText Markup Language) provides the data format for native documents Brian Kelly, Web-Focus, UKOLN Addressing URLs (Uniform Resource Locator) provides an addressing mechanism for web resources Transport HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) defines transfer of resources between client and server Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 3 How does the Web work? The Netsoft home page 1 User clicks on link to the address (URL) http://www.netsoft.com/hello.html 2 Browser converts link to HTTP command (METHOD): Connect to computer at www.netsoft.com GET /hello.html Welcome to Netsoft 3 Remote computer sends file <HTML> <TITLE>Welcome</TITLE>.. <P>Welcome to <B>Netsoft </B> Web server Web Browser 4 Local computer displays HTML file Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 4 Linking – what’s required? • • • • User - ‘easy’ Library - accurate Publishers - secure Intermediary - standard Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 5 Linking Mechanisms URL-based include: • explicit filename http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue24/intro.html • derived filename, e.g. ISSN, SICI http://www.jstor.ac.uk/journals/10624783.html • script, e.g. http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=getabstract&issn=00129658&volume=077&issue=08&page=2302 Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 6 Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 7 Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 8 Linking Mechanisms The Digital Object Identifier (DOI): • A unique identifier assigned to a digital object. • A way of accessing an object (e.g. a full text article) without having to know its URL - the DOI identifies the object itself, not the place where it is stored. • Persistent - as long as the object exists, so does the DOI. Getting Technical - Linking UKSG SRM 9 DOI: Dumb Old Identifier “Dumb” number - doesn’t relate to the object, couldn’t be guessed - like a phone number. 10.1000/123456789 Prefix - given to the rights owner e.g. the publisher Suffix - any unique alphanumeric string e.g. 10.1074/jbc.M004545200 Getting Technical - Linking 10 UKSG SRM CrossRef/DOI resolution DOI link ReferencesDOI URL to DOI Metadata Publisher http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/57.1.95 Getting Technical - Linking 11 UKSG SRM OpenURL Pat Harris, Executive Director of NISO: "One message we hear is that the new business model will be enabled by information technology with standards at the core. This is where NISO fits in. …over five hundred years ago Guttenberg fundamentally changed communication and learning. Today NISO's challenge is to create those standards that will enable the modern day Gothenburg Moment. Could it be the OpenURL?" Getting Technical - Linking 12 UKSG SRM OpenURL format ::= Base URL ? Query Base-URL = web address of the link resolver i.e. the address to which the OpenURL is being sent http://LinkFinderPlus.library.edu?genre=article&issn=12345678&volume=12&issue=3&spage=1&epage=8 &date=1998&aulast=Smith&aufirst=Paul Query = the metadata that the link resolver uses to identify and link to appropriate targets Getting Technical - Linking 13 UKSG SRM “NOU” linking * NOU – non OpenURL . Resource Link Source Resource Link Link Destination Provision of Links Resolution of Links Oren Beit-Arie, ExLibris Getting Technical - Linking 14 UKSG SRM OpenURL linking Context Sensitive . Resource Link Source Resolver/Link Server OpenURL Service Link Component Hook Provision of Hooks Resource Link Link Link Link Destination Link Destination Link Destination Link Destination Resolution into Links Oren Beit-Arie, ExLibris Getting Technical - Linking 15 UKSG SRM The OpenURL in Action Getting Technical - Linking 16 UKSG SRM Getting technical All sorted then? Pig courtesy of Tom Bishop, Royal College of Surgeons Getting Technical - Linking 17 UKSG SRM Use of OpenURL Technology (in ‘ac.uk’) • Maximise use of (appropriate) e-resources 1. 2. • • • to increase use of (their) e-journals provide links from bibliographic resources Help with e-journal management – please! All sources possible, targets limited to major ‘bundled’ deals – ‘slowly & accurately’ Launch ‘quickly but quietly’ See ‘Talking Shop’ reports at http://www.mimas.ac.uk/metadata/ITAM/sfx.html Also, comparison of SFX, SIRSI, LinkFinder+ and 1Cate in: “Context-sensitive Linking: It’s a Small World After All”, Collins & Ferguson, Serials Review, Volume 28, Issue 4, Winter 2002, Pages 267-282. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/S0098-7913(02)00221-6 Getting Technical - Linking 18 UKSG SRM The Open Archives Initiative • 1999 Universal Preprint Service (UPS) • Multi-disciplinary collection of technical reports, conference papers, articles, e-print servers, etc. • Services provided on “harvested metadata” • Data Providers / Service Providers • Sharing versus searching • OAI is only about metadata – not full text • OAI is neutral about nature of metadata and the resources described Getting Technical - Linking 19 UKSG SRM OAI Metadata Harvesting Framework • Simple mechanism for sharing metadata records • Records shared over the web (ie HTTP as XML) • ‘Client’ can ask metadata server for – all records – all records modified in last ‘n’ days – info about sets, formats, etc. • Specific application: self-archiving via e-print servers in/for all institutions Getting Technical - Linking 20 UKSG SRM • Consistent, Credible & Compatible Usage Statistics Code of Practice for: • – – – – • Data elements to be measured Definitions of these data elements Output report formats/delivery/frequency/granularity Methods for measurement and use AAP, ALPSP, ARL, ASA, EDItEUR, JISC, NCLIS, NISO, PA, STM, UKSG Getting Technical - Linking 21 UKSG SRM DOI – http://www.doi.org CrossRef – http://ww.crossref.org/ OpenURL (via SFX site) – http://www.sfxit.com/ OAI – http://www.openarchives.org/ e-prints – http://www.eprints.org/ COUNTER – http://www.projectCounter.org/ email: ross.macintyre@man.ac.uk web: http://www.mimas.ac.uk/ Getting Technical - Linking 22 UKSG SRM
