Cyclic Technologies™
Bicycle Anti-lock Braking System
ENSC 440/ 305
Fall 2008
Team Organization
• Milad Gougani
Project Manager
• Zachary Blair
Software Engineer
• Amir Tavakoli
Quality Assurance Engineer
• Datis Danesh
Electronics Engineer
• Rahm Lavon
Mechanical Engineer
Project
• First generation of smart bicycles
• Hydraulic ABS equipped
• Advanced features
Interactive menu
Speedometer
Odometer
Motivation
• Transport Canada recorded 60 bicyclist fatalities and
thousands of bicyclist injuries in 2001 [1]
• Helmets are used to protect cyclists in the event of an
accident, but keeping safe on a bike is largely about
avoiding accidents in the first place
 need for safety
• Bicycle is one of the few vehicles on the road with no or
little improvement since its invention
• Market potential (one-of-a-kind system)
 an opportunity to make money
Overview
•
•
•
•
•
•
System Overview
Speed Sensor
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
Business Case
Conclusion
System Overview
[2]
System Overview
ECU
speed
ECU
module
HCU
Hydraulic
valve &
pump
Instantaneous rear
wheel speed
Instantaneous front
wheel speed
Sensor
Hydraulic
disk
brake
Front and
rear
wheels
Speed Sensor - Hardware
No power consumption !
Speed Sensor - Software
distance
Speed =
distance
time
time
Speed Sensor – alternatives
• Hall effect sensor
• a transducer that varies its output voltage in
response to changes in magnetic field
• Optical sensor
• a light-emitting diode illuminating a phototransistor
ECU - Hardware
• Data Acquisition
• processing the sensor signal
• Brake Actuation
• driving Hydraulic Control Unit
• User Interface
• interfacing the system with the user
Data Acquisition
• A/D is done by utilizing a comparator (Schmitt trigger)
 more stable switching against rapid triggering by noise
Brake Actuation
• interfacing HCU (pump/valve) to the microcontroller
Brake Actuation
ECU – Hardware cont’d
• Atmel ATmega 162 microcontroller
• 16 kB of program memory. ~ 40% used
• 4 timers, input capture, PWM
• EEPROM for storing config
• HD44780 LCD display
• Industry standard controller
User Interface
• interfacing information to the user
ECU - Software
• Brake Actuation
• implementing control algorithm
• User Interface
• interfacing information to the LCD
Brake Actuation
User Interface
User Interface Features
• Menu-driven interface with softkeys
• Button debouncing and typematic key repeat
• Programmable backlight intensity
• Configuration stored in non-volatile memory
Hydraulic Control Unit
Hydraulic Control Unit
Hydraulic Brake – alternatives
• Cable brake
• Hydro viscous brake
• Eddy current brake
Business Case
• Market
• Cost
• Financing
• Competition
No Recession for Bicycle Makers
Need in the Market
• Bicycles have little or no protection
• Big demand for safety
• Helmets, gloves, goggles, knee pads, …
Protect cyclist in an accidents
Do not prevent accidents
Cost
Date
Oct. 16
Oct. 24
Nov. 12
Nov. 20
Nov. 27
Nov. 28
Dec. 10
Dec. 12
Dec. 13
Description
Hydraulic
Bleed Kit
Brake
Avid Juicy 5 Hydraulic
Disc Brake
$ 180.00
Valve
Mech.
Parts
LCD
Circuitry
Magnets
MicroContoller
$ 100.00
Circuit Components
& Magnets
Pump received from
Flight Works Inc.
Avid Juicy Hydro Line
Kit
Circuit Components
& Mechanical
Components
Pump
Misc.
$ 38.00
$ 25.00
$ 10.84
$
318.00
$
66.57
$
236.70
$
80.08
$
32.38
$
9.23
$
105.84
$
62.49
$
35.88
Subtotal $
947.17
$ 30.73
$ 236.70
$ 47.20
$ 32.88
$ 7.64
Circuit Components
Valvereceived
From
Peter Paul Valves &
Mechanical
Pump Misc.
Components received
Mechanical
Components
$ 13.74
$
$ 80.71
$ 11.00
9.23
$ 13.17
$ 11.96
$ 62.49
$ 32.18
$ 227.20
$ 100.00
$ 299.19
$ 80.71
$ 52.99
$ 3.70
$ 25.00
$ 33.81
$ 30.73
$ 11.00
Total
$ 86.54
Advances
Total $ 947.17
Financing
• We covered all the costs
Believe in the product
Start business
Keep the product loyalty
Competition
• There is no similar product in the market
• It is a Unique design
• The Hydraulic ABS system will give us an edge
Estimated Product Cost
Potential Market for Bicycle ABS
• Professional Athletes
• training bicycle
• Novice Cyclist
• Everyday Commuters
• Electric scooters
Professional Athletes
Professional Athletes
Novice cyclists
Everyday Commuters
Electric Scooters
Other potential market
• Mountain Bike Riders
• Youth
• Bicycle rental retail stores
Lessons learned …
• Systematic approach to circuit design
is needed to ensure a robust product
• Buy a lot of spare parts
• Do not underestimate Integration of
working modules
Future Plan
• light weight
• lower power consumption
• autonomous
• more features
front-wheel speed monitoring
heart rate monitor
statistics
USB interface
rear view camera
References
[1] Canada. Transport Canada, “Road Safety in Canada – 2001”, Transport
Canada. [Online]. Available:
http://www.tc.gc.ca/roadsafety/tp/tp13951/2001/page7.htm [Accessed: Sept.
21, 2008]
[2]“Anti-lock Braking System” in Wikipedia, History, Sept. 18, 2008. [Online].
Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-lock_braking_system [Accessed:
Sept. 21, 2008].
Questions ?
System Block Diagram
Overall Electronics
Schematic
Team Work