British Literature
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The choice and use of words and phrases in
speech or writing
Consider connotation – different words are
used in different contexts or to convey a
particular tone
 strong-willed vs. pig-headed
 screw-up vs. oversight
 Ruminated vs. thought
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The arrangement of words and phrases to
create well-formed sentences in a language
Authors may craft a sentence to convey a
particular tone, rhythm, or sound effect
 “What light from yonder window breaks?”
 “What light breaks from yonder window?”
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In terms of dialectical study, this refers to the
composition of the text as a whole (rather
than individual sentences, which is syntax)
Consider shape, spacing, width, stanzas,
repetition
 In William Blake’s “The Tyger,” the phrase “Could
frame thy fearful symmetry” is repeated—with a
key word changed—at the end of the poem.
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Remember that every punctuation mark is
deliberately placed
Consider tone, rhythm, sound, pace
 “Let’s eat, Grandma!”
 “Let’s eat Grandma!”
 “Let’s eat…Grandma?”
Let’s not forget Dear John!
Dear John:
I want a man who knows what love is all about.
You are generous, kind, thoughtful.
People who are not like you admit to being useless and inferior.
You have ruined me for other men.
I yearn for you.
I have no feelings whatsoever when we’re apart.
I can be forever happy.
Will you let me be yours?
Gloria
Dear John:
I want a man who knows what love is.
All about you are generous, kind, thoughtful people, who are not like you.
Admit to being useless and inferior.
You have ruined me.
For other men, I yearn.
For you, I have no feelings whatsoever.
When we’re apart, I can be forever happy.
Will you let me be?
Yours,
Gloria
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The use of nonliteral language to describe a
literal event
Consider the following devices:
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Simile
Metaphor
Alliteration
Personification
▪ Hyperbole
▪ Allusions
▪ Sound Devices