Technology In Action
© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Review
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•
•
•
•
Hardware components
Input devices
Output devices
System unit
Ergonomics
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Input devices
• Enable data and instructions to be entered
into the computer
• Types of input devices:
–
–
–
–
–
Keyboard
Mouse / pointing device
Microphone
Scanner
Digital camera
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Keyboards
• Popular keyboard layouts:
– QWERTY
– Dvorak
– Specialty keys
• Specialty Keyboards
• Laptops
• PDAs
• Wireless
– Infrared
– RF
• Ergonomic
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Mice
• Types of mice:
Standard
– Standard
Wireless
 PS/2
 USB
 Wireless
– Optical
– Trackball
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Trackball
Optical
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Output Devices
• Enable us to view or hear the processed
data
• Types of output devices:
– Monitors
– Printers
– Speakers
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
CRT vs. LCD Monitors
CRT MONITOR ADVANTAGES
• Images viewable from all
angles (LCD monitors often
have limited viewing angle)
• Resolution can be adjusted
more completely
• Better color accuracy and
clarity
• Less expensive
• Better for gaming and
watching DVDs due to
quicker pixel response time
and higher color accuracy
© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
LCD MONITOR
ADVANTAGES
• Take up less space and
weigh less
• Cause less eyestrain
• More environmentally
friendly
• Larger viewable area
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Printers
• Impact printers
– Dot-matrix
• Nonimpact printers
– Inkjet
– Laser
– Multifunction
• Specialty printers
– Plotters
– Thermal printers
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Choosing a Printer
• Speed:
– Pages per minute (ppm)
• Resolution:
– Dots per inch (dpi)
– 300 dpi for general printing
– 1200 dpi for printing photos
• Color output:
– Inkjets use 4 or 6 color
cartridges
– Lasers use separate color
toner cartridges
• Memory:
– Inkjets need 4-8 MB
– Lasers need 16 MB
• Cost:
– Inkjets < Lasers
© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Technology In Action
Chapter 2
Looking at Computers: Understanding
the Parts
(Cont.)
© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Topics
•
•
•
•
•
Hardware components
Input devices
Output devices
System unit
Ergonomics
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
The Computer System
• Hardware components:
– System unit
– Peripheral devices
Monitor
System unit
Speaker
Printer
Microphone
Keyboard
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Mouse
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Monitors
• Cathode-ray tube (CRT)
– Pixel (Picture Element)
– Dot Pitch
• Liquid crystal display (LCD)
– Passive-matrix
– Active-matrix
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
The System Unit
• Processes data into information
• The system unit components:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Front panel
Back
Power supply
Hard disk drive
Motherboard
Expansion cards
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
styles
• Desktop boxes
• Tower configurations
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
The Front Panel
• Power controls
• Drive bays
• Ports
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Power control
• Turn on
• Turn off?
– Operating system
• Warm boot
– Ctrl+Alt+Del
• Cold boot
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Power-management setting
• Standby
• Hibernation
– Hard drive
– Monitor
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Drive bays
• Internal drive bays
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• External drive bays
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
The Back
• Ports for peripheral devices
• Types of ports:
–
–
–
–
–
Serial
Parallel
VGA
USB
Connectivity
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Ports comparison
• Serial ports: bit by bit, 115kbps (modem)
• Parallel ports: bit group, 500kbps
(printer,scanner)
• Universal serial bus (USB)
– USB 1.0: 12 Mbps (Mouse/keyboard: 1.5Mbps)
– USB 2.0: 480 Mbps
• Connectivity ports
– Modem port: typical: 33.6bps
– Ethernet port: 100Mbps
• FireWire (IEEE 1394): 400 Mbps (MP3,DC)
• FireWire 800: 800Mbps
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
USB 1.0? 2.0?
• How to tell if you
have USB 2.0?
control panel
->system
->hardware
->device manager
-> USB controller:
Enhanced USB
controller
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Firewall
• Firewall port
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Inside the System Unit
• Essential electronic components used to
process data
• Types of components:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Power supply
Motherboard
CPU
Hard disk drive
Memory (RAM/ROM)
Expansion cards
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
The Motherboard
Click on the motherboard
components for details
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Another motherboard
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
ROM
• Read-Only Memory
• On motherboard
• Holds all the instructions for computer to
start up
• Permanent (non-volatile)
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Hard Disk Drive
•
•
•
•
Stores data and program instructions
Permanent (nonvolatile) storage
Storage capacities up to 250 GB
Transfers data in milliseconds
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Setting it all up: Ergonomics
• Ergonomics refers to
minimizing injury or
discomfort while using the
computer
– Repetitive strain injury (RSI)
• Steps to follow:
– Position monitor correctly
– Use adjustable chair
– Assume proper position while
typing
– Take breaks
– Ensure adequate lighting
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Chapter 2 Summary Questions
• What devices do you use to get data into
the computer?
• What devices enable us to see or hear the
processed information?
• What’s on the front of your system unit?
• What’s on the back of your system unit?
© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
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Technology In Action Chapter 2
Chapter 2 Summary Questions
• What’s inside your system unit?
• How do you set up your computer to avoid
strain and injury?
© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
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