CUSTOMER_CODE
SMUDE
DIVISION_CODE
SMUDE
EVENT_CODE
SMUAPR15
ASSESSMENT_CODE BBA205_SMUAPR15
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
14969
QUESTION_TEXT
Discuss the different types of decisions and the steps in decision
making process.
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
explanation of
Structured decisions and its characteristics (2 marks)
Semi structured decisions (1 mark)
Unstructured decisions and its characteristics (2 marks)
Steps in decision making process –
Identifying a problem or opportunities (1 mark)
Generate alternative course of action/gather information (1mark)
Analyze information (1mark)
Implement the course of action (1mark
Monitor, follow up and initiate corrective action (1mark)
There are different types of decisions which serve the different
types of environment. They are,
Structured Decisions: these types of decisions are also called
programmed decisions. Structured decisions are those decisions
made under established environment and their outcome can be
preplanned. The decisions are taken in an environment which is
fully understood by the managers. These kinds of decisions are
used for daily routine activities and specialized processes.
The following are the characteristics of structured decisions.
1. These decisions are routine/structured
2. These decisions are repetitive/short term
3. They are definite procedures to be followed
4. They have well laid down norms
5. They are situation known
6. Used at lower/operating levels of management
Structured decisions are taken based on the techniques of
standard operating procedure, organizational hierarchy
structure, operation research, and mainly using computers.
Semi Structured Decisions: these are the kinds of decisions in
which some aspects of the problems are structured and others are
unstructured. These decisions require human judgment.
Unstructured decisions: these decisions are also referred to as
non-programmed decisions. These are the decision that has no
standardization to resolve in a situation and are very complex.
They are ill-defined and results are unknown, such as poorly
defined goals, incomplete alternatives and non-comparable
choices; choice criteria may be hard to measure the goals.
The following are the characteristics of structured decisions
1. These decisions are innovative
2. These decisions can be used in new or complex situations
3. They are very helpful in terms of important and critical
conditions
4. They are strategic in nature
5. These decisions are helpful in long term
Unstructured decisions are taken, based on the techniques of
judgment, intuition, creativity, business acumen,
complex/specially designed computer programs and by trained
executives.
Steps in Decision Making Process:
Decision making process involves the following steps.
1. Identifying a Problem or Opportunities: The most important
step is to identify the problem or to identify the opportunities. We
also need to analyze whether the opportunity we looked for has
really any value to our customers. Suppose a problem is
identified, we still need to think whether the problem solving is
really worth it, or if any opportunity is identified, we need to
think whether grabbing that opportunity is worth it.
2. Generate Alternative Course of Action/gather Information:
always generate alternative solutions to the problem so that if one
is observed to have faults, then we can easily switch to the other
one. Always try to ask questions out of those solutions designed.
We need to predict the situation while generating alternative
solutions.
3. Analyze Information: when we find alternative solutions, we
should think about the alternative course of action if one solution
goes wrong. Whenever a solution is found to a problem, we
should always try to interpret it in all the different ways.
4. Implement the Course of Action: after analyzing the
alternative course of action, the next step is to put that plan in
place. For this we need to identify the resources required to
execute the decision and allocate the resources to implement the
decision. And also survey should be made to see whether the
decision is accepted and supported by your colleagues.
Otherwise, though the decision is very good it cannot reach the
target result. You must also get the confirmation from them that
they are committed to implementing the decision, to make it work
effectively.
5. Monitor, Follow up and Initiate Corrective Action: after
implementation, the most important thing is to test the
performance of the decision implementation. Therefore, regular
monitoring is required to identify the drawbacks and the positive
points of the implementations for further improvement. As soon
as we find a fault it needs to be reported and follow up action
must be taken to fix the problem
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
14974
QUESTION_TEXT
What is meant by polymorphism, inheritance & template in business
systems?
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
Polymorphism means the behavior of the object differently to
different messages.
Inheritance is the mechanism of acquiring properties of one object
by another object class. The object from which inherits properties is
called derived class and the properties from which properties are
derived are called base class.
Template refers to a mechanism of implementing a class object
wherein any type of data can be accepted (10 marks)
QUESTION_T
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
YPE
QUESTION_I
D
72674
QUESTION_T
Discuss the role of MIS for decision making.
EXT
Basically decision is the outcome of any analysis. The decision process is a
“collection of steps, starting with information output and analysis and
culminating in resolution, namely a selection from several available
alternatives. The information is needed for both structured and
unstructured decisions.
Differences between structured and unstructured decisions
SCHEME OF
EVALUATIO
N
The Relationship between Information System and Decisions-making
The need for information in an organization is met by information system.
Information is very important for planning and control. Decision making is
a very important necessity of management function. When any function of
the organization needs to take a decision, the major input to take a decision
is information. To make a right decision you should have right
information. (10 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
72676
QUESTION_TEXT Enumerate the OLAP concept with example.
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
OLAP refers to a system in which there are predefined multiple
instances of various modules used in business applications. Any
input to such a system results in verification of the facts with respect
to the available instances.
A nearest match is found analytically and the results displayed form
the database. The output is sent only after thorough verification of the
input facts fed into the system. The system goes through a series of
multiple checks of the various parameters used in business decision
making. OLAP is also referred to as a multi dimensional analytical
model. Many big companies use OLAP to get good returns in
business.
The querying process of the OLAP is very strong. It helps the
management take decisions like, which month would be appropriate
to launch a product in the market, what should be the production
quantity to maximize the returns, what should be the stocking policy
in order to minimize the wastage etc. (10 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
72678
QUESTION_TEXT
What is the difference between WWW and Internet? Discuss the
benefits of internet.
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
Internet – The Internet, sometimes called the "", is a worldwide,
publicly accessible series of interconnected that transmit by , using
the standard (IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of
millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government
networks, which together carry various and services, such as , ,
transfer, and the interlinked web pages and other resources of the
(WWW).
WWW – The World Wide Web is a huge set of interlinked
documents, images and other resources, linked by and . These
hyperlinks and URLs allow the web servers and other machines that
store originals and cached copies of these resources to deliver them as
required, using (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). HTTP is only one of
the communication protocols used on the Internet. also use HTTP to
allow software systems to communicate in order to share and
exchange business logic and data.
(10 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
156301
Discuss various steps in problem solving.
QUESTION_TEXT
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
ANS: Basically problem solving is a process consisting of six steps
which include the following:
1. Recognizing and defining the problem: Some stimulus
indicates that a decision must be made, whether it is positive or
negative. (1 mark)
2. Identifying the alternatives: In both obvious and creative
alternatives are desired. In general, the more significant the
decision, the more alternatives that should be generated. (2
marks)
3. Evaluating the alternatives: Each alternative is evaluated to
determine its feasibility, satisfactoriness and its consequences.
(1 mark)
4. Selecting the best alternative: Consider all situational factors
and choose the best alternatives to fit the manager’s situation.(2
marks)
5. Implementing the chosen alternative: The chosen alternative is
implemented into the organization system. (2 marks)
Follow up and evaluation: How the chosen alternative has been
implemented, is to be seen by the manager. (2 marks)