“Cyclone Aila and It’s Impact on Health Care System:
A Case Study on Gabura Union, Shyamnagar Upazila, Satkhira”
‘Health Centred Disaster Risk Reduction: a New Agenda for a New Era’.
Dealing with Disasters Conference
September 2015
Presented by :
Sheikh Mohammad Abdur Rahman
Deputy Director
Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Division (IMED),
Ministry of Planning , The People’s Republic of Bangladesh
Slide-1
Brief introduction of my Job Place
•
•
•
My job place is Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Division, Ministry of
Planning.
I work there as Deputy Director.
The major function of this division and as well as my responsibilities are as follows:
• Monitoring and Evaluation of the implementation of development
projects included in the Annual Development Programme.
• Collection and compilation of project-wise data for preparing quarterly,
annual and periodical progress reports for information of the President,
Prime Minister, NEC, ECNEC, Ministries and other concerned.
• Rendering such advisory or consultancy services to Ministries/Agencies
concerned on implementation of projects as and when necessary.
• Field inspection of projects for on the spot verification of implementation
status and such other Co-ordination works as may be necessary for the
removal of implementation problems, if any, with the assistance of related
Ministries/Agencies.
• Submission of project inspection reports to the President, Prime Minister
and Ministers concerned when attention at such levels are considered
Slidenecessary.
Geographic Location of Bangladesh
Bangladesh‘s geographical location and land
characteristics make it one of the most
climatically vulnerable countries in the world
(World Bank, 2011).
With a population of 157 million people (WPDS,
2013), at least 70% of the population live in
regions at risk of floods and 26% in regions at risk
of cyclones (Cash et al, 2013).
Slide-
Some Historic Events of Cyclone in
Bangladesh
Year
Type of hazard
Proportion (%)
of total region
or population
affected (n)
Height of
storm surge
(m)
Deaths (n)
1970
Bhola Cyclone
-
6-10
225000-500000
1985
Cyclone
1.68 million
3-4.6
11000
1991
Cyclone Gorky
4.56 million
6-7.6
138000
2007
Cyclone Sidr
18.3 million
4.5-6.1
2009
Cyclone Aila
3.9 million
2-3
3300
190
Source: Cash et al (2013)
Slide-
About Cyclone Aila
On 23 May 2009, the category 1
cyclone Aila, took shape and hit SouthWestern coastal region on 25 May
2009.
The sustained wind speed of the
Cyclone Aila was about 65-75 mph (74
mph is the lowest threshold for Cat-1
hurricane).
Affected and estimated 3.90 million
people in 11 coastal districts of the
Bangladesh (ActionAid et al., 2009).
Slide-
District
Satkhira
Upazila
Shyamnagar
Assasuni
Khulna
Dacope
Koira
Worst Affected
Unions
Most Dead Household
Affected
and Damaged
People Missing
Gabura
6,007
30,034
24
100%
Padmapukur
Burigoalini
Atulia
Protapnagar
Sreeula
Khazra
Baradal
Kamarkhola
Sutarkhali
Tildanga
Banisanta
Uttar Betkashi
4,432
4,289
4,621
3,750
2,250
2,000
1,875
3,200
8,000
8,000
2,800
4,050
22,163
26,810
28,879
15,000
9,000
8,000
7,500
16,000
40,000
24,000
14,000
8,000
10
5
100%
80%
50%
100%
80%
70%
50%
90%
100%
80%
60%
100%
5,000
5,000
6,204
5,000
76,478
15,000
20,500
25,000
20,000
329,886
47
Dakhin Betkashi
Moharajpur
Koira Sadar
Maheshwaripur
Total
Most
Affected
Family
1
4
1
5
100%
80%
50%
70%
Massive destruction at Satkhira and Khulna districts caused by Aila
Slide-3
Map of Gabura
surrounded by
Kholpetua and
Kopataska rivers
specifying with four
mouza, health clinic,
drinking water source
(PSF), roads, market,
canals, settlements and
others
Slide-5
Extent of the impact of
Cyclone Aila in Khulna
and Sathkira districts
Slide-2
Schematic Presentation on Different Facets of Impact Caused by Aila
Slide-6
Level
Type of facility
Type of service
Total
No. of
facilities
Upazilla Upazila health complex (50-bed)
Hospital
268
Upazila health complex (31-bed)
Hospital
145
Upazila health complex (20-bed)
Hospital
1
Upazila health complex (10-bed)
Hospital
11
Subtotal of Upazila health complexes
425
31-bed hospital
Hospital
5
30-bed hospital
Hospital
1
Subtotal of hospitals outside health complexes
6
Trauma center (20-bed)
Hospital
5
Total of upazila-level hospitals
436
Union
20-bed hospital
Hospital
18
10-bed hospital
Hospital
13
Subtotal of union-level hospitals
31
Union subcenter
Outpatient only
1275
Union health and family welfare center Outpatient only
87
Subtotal of union outpatient centers
1362
Total of union level facilities
1393
Ward
Community Clinic
Outpatient only
12527
Grand total of hospitals (upazila and below)
467
Grand total of health facilities
(upazila and below)
14356
Total
beds
13400
4495
20
110
18025
135
30
165
100
18290
360
130
490
490
18780
Primary Health Care run by Directorate General of Health Services at the upazilla level and below
Slide-8
Types of facility from
national to the ward level,
with managerial hierarchy
Slide-9
Objectives of the study
•
•
•
•
To make a clear comparison about health care system of Gabura union before
and after Aila;
to analyze the situation of the villagers of Gabura in times of disaster and the
needs and problems that arose due to the disaster;
to examine the weakness of the health care services provided by both GOs
and NGOs agencies working for affected villagers of Gabura and
To push forward some recommendations so that remedial as well as
rehabilitative measures in terms of health and education could be initiated to
redress the vulnerability of the affected people.
Slide-10
Materials and Methods
Data Collection
Collection of secondary data from different
issues of the daily, monthly and quarterly
newspapers, published and unpublished
research reports, articles and various relevant
web site.
Data analysis,
appraisal and
assessment
Collection of primary data through personal
interview with the Aila affected inhabitants,
traditional birth attendants, village doctors,
community leaders, NGO officials, Shyamnagar
upazila statistics and health officer.
Supported by :
Focus Group Discussion
& Case Study
Study Output
Study Design: The Schematic Presentation of Different Steps Followed
Slide-11
A view of FGD session conducted in an indigenous way by the researcher with Aila
affected male inhabitants in front of Maddho Khalishabunia mosque (situated at Maddho
Khalishabunia village)
Slide-13
Findings of the study
.
House of a permanent residence
Affected hand of the victims by the tiger
Jhupri of the migrants’ family living
on the embankment
Tiger victims with the researcher
Slide-17
Findings of the study
In terms of magnitude diseases placed Gabura in the following ranks:
Water-borne diseases
Cardiovascular diseases
Kidney problem
High blood pressure/Hypertension
Gynecological problem
Eclampsia
Researcher at village doctor (VD) chamber
- 1st Position (100%)
- 2nd Position (68%)
- 3rd Position (54%)
- 4th Position (43%)
- 5th Position (36%)
- 6th Position (32%)
Researcher with Kabiraj Proshanto
Slide-21
Water sealed toilet of a
permanent residence
Non-sanitary toilet of a
migrated residence
Slide-25
A harvested rain water tank seen to be functioning
Homemade harvested rain water tank
Water point of a Piped water system
PSF water system
Homemade harvested rain water tank
Piped water system
Slide-27
Findings of the study
In order to ensure remedy of the diseases the facts are as follows:
•The doctor is available only once a week only for a couple of hour.
•Bad road infrastructure due to Aila it is difficult on the part of the local
people to rush for medical services provided by the four Community Clinics
(CCs) specially at the rainy season.
•
•
•
•
The villagers usually take basic health care services from 38 village
doctors or paramedics of Gabura.
Village Doctors have their own medicine shop with low quality
medicines.
Respondents are taking services from Untrained Traditional Birth
Attendants and Kabirajs’ even knowing that they are not qualified
enough to prescribe any scientific treatment.
No health and nutrition related education or campaigning found in the
study area.
Slide-23
A harvested rain water tank
seen to be non-functioning
Front view of Friendship water
purification system
Partial image of Friendship water
purification system
PSF system installed by OXFAM
seen to be non-functioning
Front view of Friendship
water purification system
Partial image of Friendship
water purification system
Slide-29
Embankment are rebuilt for last five years
within this way
Embankment and river are almost on the same
height in this location
Damaged portion of the embankment which
is still in risk
Only pond that was full of pure water even after
more than one year of Aila
Slide-31
Signboard of some NGO’s which are exists only in the signboard
Slide-33
Concluding Remarks
•This particular study was confined to a union only.
•The scope for the study was very much limited.
•The findings of this study should, at best, be considered as
indicative rather than exhaustive.
•This micro study will pave the way to take many macro studies in
this particular area.
• With this study and future research, a nation-wide programs of
action could be commissioned aiming at complete rehabilitation
of the people (suffering from natural disaster like Aila on regular
interval specially health, nutrition and relevant education) living in
coastal regions would be viable and sustainable.
Slide-34
Researcher with ‘Sheikh Ameer Hossain’ who helps a lot to discover Aila
affected Gabura union and assist to communicate all through the respondents
Slide-35
Thanks for your patience hearing
Do you have any query?
Please……………….
Contact:
Sheikh Mohammad Abdur Rahman
Deputy Director
Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Division (IMED),
Ministry of Planning , The People’s Republic of Bangladesh
Cell No. +8801819260139
E-mail: tinturet@gmail.com
Slide-36