AMBASSADE DE FRANCE EN COREE
04/07/08
Marianne NOEL
Ambassade de France en Corée
Attachée pour la Science et la Technologie marianne.noel@diplomatie.gouv.fr
www.ambafrance-kr.org

04/07/08
1. French system of research and higher education :
• Main characteristics (indicators and figures)
• Recent dynamics and the new institutional setup in France
2. Cooperation framework for scientific and technological cooperation
• S-T diplomacy network
• Bilateral exchanges program (STAR)
3. Conclusions
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• Main characteristics
– Some recent outstanding successes in mathematics (Field medals), physics (Nobel prizes), informatics (Turing prize), space, transportation, etc.
– High number of publications with high level in citation rankings in a few fields
– French research takes its place in a European perspective
• The actors
– Mainly research from the French public sector
• Universities, elite schools and other education centers linked to research
• Research bodies (CNRS, INSERM, INRIA, CEA …)
– Private companies
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

GERD (G €)
2001 2002 2003 2004
32.9
34.5
34.6
35.5
GERD/GDP (%) 2.20
2.23
2.17
2.13
04/07/08
GERD : Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (dépenses intérieures de R&D, réalisées sur le territoire national, financées par des acteurs français ou étrangers)
GDP : Gross Domestic Product
Source : rapport OST-2006
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

% financed by % performed by
Industry Governement Industry Governement
53.6
46.4
63 (22 G € ) 37 (13 G € )
In 2003 :
•financial support from industry to R&D in public sector is 0.55 G€ (4%)
•14% of the R&D expenditures in industry come from public fundings (3 G€)
Source : rapport OST-2006
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• Total R&D personnel (public+private) is 419 000 physical persons (pp), including 45% in the private sector
=> +17% since 1993
• Number of total researchers : 240 000 pp, 191 629 full time equivalent (57% of the total R&D personnel) with 45% employed in the private sector
• => +35% since 1993
+12% in private sector, -11% in public sector
• 31.8% of women in total R&D personnel
Source : rapport OST-2006
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• Composition of research teams variable among disciplines (SHS
 medicine)
– Professors 35%
– Researchers (23%)
– PhD students (42%)
=> concept of joint unit (UMR)
• Civil servants with job security – Severe competitive process and adherence to common working conditions and pay scales
• Average age > 47 years old
Source : rapport OST-2006
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• 1.5 million of students, mostly in universities
(86%)
• LMD process
From 1999 to 2004 :
– +14% of licence degree
– +50% of master degree
– -6% of PhD degree
• Number of delivered PhD in France
– Life sciences : 2090 (20%)
– Exact sciences : 4186 (40%)
– Social sciences and humanities : 4194 (40%)
Source : rapport OST-2006
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• % of world production in terms of scientific articles : 4.7
• Citation Index after 2 years : 4.4
• Impact Factor (IF) after 2 years : 0.94 (< 1)
• IF > average world in 4 fields :
– Mathematics-statistics (SPECIALISATION)
– Applied biology, ecology
– Chemistry
– Engineering sciences
• Sur-representation of French authors in the most 5% cited articles
Source : rapport OST-2006
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
Higher Research &
Technology Council
Scientific Council
For Culture,
Museums, Scientific
& Technical
Information
Jacques Chirac
President
Dominique de Villepin
Prime Minister
Interministerial Science
& Technology Committee
Gilles de Robien
Secretary of State
François Goulard
Research Minister
Bi -annual report
Academy of Sciences
National Science
Council
National Human & Social
Sciences Development Council
Genetic Engineering
Commission
Directorate of
Research
Directorate of
Technology
Life Sciences
Co-ordination
Committee
Earth Sciences &
Environment
Co-ordination
Committee
EPST : CNRS, INED, INRA, INRIA, INSERM, IRD, LCPC,
CEMAGREF, INRETS, EPS, ICEE
EPIC : CSI, CIRAD, ADIT, CSTB
Foundations : CEPH, Curie Institute, Pasteur Institute
GIP : ANRS, CNG, HMR, IFRTP, OST, Renater
EPCSCP : 82 universities & polytechnics, 4 ‘ Ecoles normales superieures’ . 5 French schools abroad, 14 various ‘ grands é tablissements’
IT Co-ordination
Committee
Technological
Development
Consultative Committee
EPIC : ADEME, ADIT,
ANDRA, ANVAR,
BRGM, CEA, CNES,
CSTB, IFREMER
French system of research and higher education (2005)
Simplified organigram
Source : R&D in France,
Bristish Embassy, June 2005
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08 Source : website MESR 2008 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08 Source : website MESR 2008 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
Questions regarding :
• Skateholders participation including local authorities and industry
• Fusion of competencies, disciplines, technologies
• Policy and institutional interoperability with
EU partners for European Research Area
• Societal challenges
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• We face a new deal in French Research and Higher
Education organization
• We initiated a dialogue with Korean experts on S&T policies (STEPI, KISTEP, academics)
• => 2 seminars on « S&T policies for changing
Natioanl Research and Innovation Systems »
• Based on contributions mainly from members of
« Institut Francilien Recherche Innovation Société » :
Pr. Rémi Barré (CNAM, MESR)
Pr. C. Paradeise (Université Paris-Est), Pr. P. Larédo (ENPC,
Univ. of Manchester)
Ifris members (OST, PRES Université Paris-Est)
- Representatives of ANR, AERES, etc.
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• For the past years : reports, reviews, indicators, foresights, ranking pointing at loss of performance
• Plus : researchers movement
• Diagnostic : inadequacy of the Research-Innovation
System model to the XXIst Century challenges
• Underfunding in some parts recognised
• Research high on the political agenda as part of the
« State modernisation move »
Source : Rémi Barré, DGRI/MESR 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

New set-up :
• LOLF : programme – performance budgeting process (start 2007 budget)
• Law on Research April 2006 a) The basis for a new Research - Innovation model : « separated functions model »
(international model) b) A mission for strategic orientation and foresight given to the Ministry for Higher Education and
Research (MESR)
• Law on Universities August 2007 : towards strategic universities
04/07/08
Source : Rémi Barré, DGRI/ MESR 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

5 major objectives
• To increase efficiency of our process to define strategic priorities
• To offer stimulating careers to young scientists
• To set up an efficient system for research evaluation
• To intensify cooperation between public research and private research
• To increase international partnerships
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• The High Council of Science and Technology
• The Research and Higher Education Evaluation
Agency (AERES)
•
• The « Carnot Institutes » dedicated to applied research
• The National Research Agency (ANR)
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• A new tool for funding French Research and Innovation
• A public organization devoted to competitive project funding in both fundamental and applied research on the basis of international standards
• Objectives:
 to promote creativity
 to bring more flexibility and, subsequently, reactivity
 to increase competitiveness while keeping a good balance between fundamental research and applied research
• Budget 2008: M € 896
• Since 2005 about 1500 projects funded each year
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• 7 scientific departments :
• a non thematic department
• 6 Thematic departments:
 Biology and health
 ICT and nanotechnologies
 Sustainable energy and environment

Ecosystems and sustainable development
 Process and engineering
 Human and social sciences
• A transverse department:
« Competitiveness and partnerships »
04/07/08 Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• A lean structure of 80 persons :
– 40 scientists covering the whole spectrum of
ANR programmes
– 40 administratives (finance / human resources and communication / assistants)
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• 3 types of research projects
– fundamental research
– industrial research
– pre-competitive development
• 2 types of consortia academics or public-private partnerships
• Peer review evaluation of projects
• Funding:
– 100% of additional cost for public research teams
– 25 to 75% of total cost (depending of the type of research and size of enterprise) for industry
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
A top down process to collect national priorities
A peer review process
A bottom up process to collect researcher proposals n
Definition of programme contents
Selection Follow up and assessment n+3 n+4 n+1
6 years cycle n+2 n+5 n+6 years
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

48 open calls
– 5623 proposals submitted
– 1432 funded projects
– 770 industrial partners
– Average success rate : 25%
04/07/08
– Average project funding
« academic projects » : 300K€ for 2.5 partners
« public-private partnership » : 650k€ for 4.9 partners
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
“ Non thematic” transverse programme :
M € 167
 “White” programme: M€ 129
 Young researchers programme : M € 31
 Visiting professorships : M € 7
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
ENERGY
ENVIRONMENT
M€ 111
•New energy technologies
• Urban engineering
•Climate change and CCS
•Ecotechnologies
ITC
M€ 140
•Telecommunications
•Software technology
•Audiovisual & Multimedia
•Robotics
•Nanosciences
ECOSYSTEMS
M€ 66
•Biodiversity
•Food science & human nutrition
•Genomics
•Agriculture for a sustainable development
PROCESS &
ENGINEERING
M€ 46
•«Green» chemistry
•Materials & processes
•Global security
HUMAN
& SOCIAL SCIENCES
M€ 15
•Creation
•Government & administration
•Social vulnerability
•Communication
BIOLOGY-HEALTH
M€ 119,5
•Neurosciences
•Physiopathology/human diseases
•Microbiology
•Biotechnology
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

A strong will to develop international cooperation
– To provide an efficient framework for high level international project funding
– To promote creation of high potential mixedcultural teams on scientific « core issues» or strategic topics
– To share best practices with other agencies
04/07/08
– To gain access to experts in other countries
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• 2006: initiation of first European partnerships
 Participation in 4 “Eranets”= transnational calls for proposals with other european funding agencies
• 2007: strengthening of European actions and initiation of international cooperation
 Bilateral call for proposals :
DFG (Germany), MOST (China), BBSRC (UK)
 Mutual opening of national calls:
NSC (Taïwan) and BMWI (Germany)
• 2008: development of international cooperation

Intensification of existing partnerships : Taiwan, Germany, UK
 Building of new partnerships with :
 JST et JSPS (Japan),
 NSFC (China)

AKA (Finland)
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• Dedicated transnational thematic call for proposals :
– Eranets
– Germany: non thematic in social and human science - ANR /DFG
– UK: Systems Biology - ANR / BBSRC
04/07/08
• Mutual opening of national calls :
– Taïwan, China, Japan, Finland
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• To design a framework for analysis, synthesis and diffusion of funded programme results
• To promote multidisciplinary projects :
Physics/biology, human sciences/nanosciences…
• To develop international partnerships
04/07/08
Source : Michel Griffon, ANR, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• Development of missions formerly assigned to organisations absorbed by the agency :
– Evaluation of HEIs (CNE – independent agency)
– Courses and programmes (MSTP – within the ministry)
– Research units (partly by public research bodies, partly by MSTP)
• New missions:
– Approval of evaluation procedures of personnel
– Evaluation of all public research bodies (EPST, EPIC)
Source : Anne Picard, AERES, 2008
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
1 president
J-F Dhainaut
Board
24 members
Adm.
staff
S1: Institutions
S2 : Reseach units
S3 : Course and degrees experts
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• An independent Agency
– Its evaluations are shielded from any pressure group
– Clear distinction between the evaluation processes (the agency) and the decision processes (ministry – universities and research bodies)
• A legitimate Agency
– Quality of its members and its experts (their particulars are made public)
• A transparent Agency
– Procedures and evaluation reports are published (Web)
– Site visits (visiting committees)
04/07/08
With specificities
• A single body integrating the various fields of evaluation
• An evaluation procedure linked with the state contractual process
• Methods and criteria in compliance with the international standards
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• To be recognized nationally through the quality and the transparency of its evaluation.
• To contribute to the evolution of the French system of higher education and research in order to help it to better address social and economic expectations.
– Helping create new relations between institutions and the state
– Helping institutions implement quality assurance process
• To promote internationally French research and higher education as well as its evaluation system.
04/07/08
Source : Anne Picard, AERES, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
Source : Anne Picard, AERES, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• A single dossier
– Assessment of the activity of the last four years
– Project
• A visiting committee
– 7.2 experts (of which 1.4 are foreigners) chosen by the agency after consultation of the unit and its stakeholders (university, research institution)
– A two-day visit (average)
• A report
– Sent to the unit and its stakeholders before publication
– Published on the agency’s website with their commentaries
• A grade
– Established collectively by the committees presidents at the end of each evaluation campaign.
– Published on the agency’s website
Source : Anne Picard, AERES, 2008
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• New organizations and networks
04/07/08
Source : Catherine Paradeise,Ifris, 2007
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• FutuRIS : a Foresight exercise on the future of the French
Research and Innovation system co-financed by the government, research organizations, companies and ANRT.
• Launched in 2003, the FutuRIS operation made an important contribution to the policy process towards Law on research (April 2006).
 « La Recherche et l’Innovation en France, FutuRIS 2007 » Ed.
Odile Jacob, 2007
• It adressed the future of the national Research and
Innovation system as a whole and now conducts a strategic monitoring based on the scenarios and strategic indicators.
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• Korea has specific agreements in S-T with 46 countries, including USA, Japan, China, Russia, UK,
France, etc. and the European Union (nov. 2006),
• Leaded by the International Cooperation Bureau in
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
(MEST)
• Global networking through S-T diplomacy
• Global joint research
– Cooperation activities including joint committee meeting, S-T forums and seminars and exchanging human resources
– 10 joint research centers, including Institute Pasteur Korea
• Multilateral cooperation research programs (ITER,
CERN, EU-FP, etc.)
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• Sept. 2002 : 1 st session of the joint committee for scientific and technological cooperation - Acts the principle of a joint incitative fund for scientific exchanges
(STAR program)
• March 2005 : 2 nd session – Minutes considered as a « roadmap » for the future of cooperation + STAR program enlarged to
2 new fields
• March 2007 : 3 rd session – Achievements
(Institut Pasteur Korea, joint structures, etc.)
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• 1965 : Agreement on Cultural and Technical
Cooperation signed between France and Korea
(completed in 1981)
• Dec 2004 : Global partnership between the two countries – The cooperation in the fields of higher education, scientific research and technology is considered as a main priority
• 2006 : 120 th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the 2 countries, by organizing visible joint events
• 2008 : French EU Presidency
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• 6th Framework Program (FP6)
Feb. 2006 :
• 4870 projets, 8978 millions € after 3 years
• France present in more than 50% (very active in aeronautics, space and nuclear)
• 55% of the participants are issued from
Germany, France, UK, Italy and Spain
• European research is a reality
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
2006 : Celebration of 120 th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations
French week of science (June)
+ other events (October)
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

06/06/13-Digital Times
06/06/13-Hangook Daily News
04/07/08
06/06/17-Choongchung Today
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• S-T activities are a part of the cultural and scientific network abroad (under the supervision of the French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs)
• Cultural and scientific department belongs to the French Embassy (staff : 30 people)
• Linked to the French Cultural Center
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• Representation and negociation
• Promoting bilateral relations in the field of competences (scientific and technological cooperation)
– Manage the STAR program
– Initiate a dialogue on specific items
• Searching for information (Survey scientific and technological achievements in Korea -
BE Corée, in French, every 2 months)
• Communication « on the ground » (Animate a network of French scientists (30) working permanently in Korea)
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

• Main goal : Initiate and subside top-level research cooperation between F and K teams
STAR is a competitive program
Open to research bodies, universities and companies
Selection scheme
• Call for proposals in both countries with same agenda
• Evaluation of proposals by experts of both side
• Joint selection of the best projects with criteria
• A way to promote S-T seminars and exchanges of human resources
• Based on individual contacts between researchers (“bottom-up approach”)
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

« Are poles or tropics the cradle for modern plants ?
»
Pr. Kim Kyun-shik (Chungbuk
National University)
Pr. Marc Philippe (Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1)
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

Science and Technology Amicable Relationships
“Hubert Curien Partnership” : a global approach with 45 countries
- Fundings from the French Ministry of Foreign and
European Affairs at parity with MEST - Implemented for
France by the French Embassy , in Korea by Korea
Foundation for International Cooperation in Science and
Technology KICOS
- Launched in June 2003 with 16 projects
Since 2003, 6 annual calls for proposals, 85 joint-funded projects
- Main selection criteria :
- scientific excellence
- mobility of young researchers
- non recurring support
04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
6 priority fields :
• New materials and nanotechnologies
• Life sciences and biotechnologies
• Information and communication sciences and technologies
• Basic sciences
• Aeronautics and space (since 2005)
• Human and social sciences (since 2005)
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
Korea A
B
C
S
BS-1
BT-1
NT-1
SS-1, SS-2
A1
2008 STAR Statistical Table 1
France
A2 B
NT-2
IT-1(F-A2+)
BS-2
BT-2
BS-7
IT-2
BS-3, BS-4, BS-5
NT-4, NT-5
SS-3, SS-4
BS-6, BS-8
SS-6
IT-3
NT-6
SS-5
BS-9
IT-4
BS-10 BS-11
NT-3
C
Sum 10 14 4 1
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• 30 à 40 proposals deposited each year since 2005
• Around 15 projects are annually funded, around 8000 euros per year and per project for the French teams
• French researchers stay 7 days in Korea per year since 2003
• 1 researcher on 2 is a young professional researcher
(master, PhD & post-doc students)
• Per project, 1 publication in a international scientific journal with high impact factor since 2003
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
• 1/3 of the French teams involved in STAR program are participating in a EU-FP project
=> direct access to EU
• Through many initiatives :
– FP6 (NoE, STREPS, RTN) and FP7 (1 project in
ENV, other TBD)
– COST
– Task force IPv6 (France Telecom)
• Only 10 projects funded in ICT since 2005 through the STAR program
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
“Center for Photonics and Nanostructures”
(CPN)
International Associated Laboratory associating :
French side : CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier
Grenoble 1, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CEA,
Université Paris Sud, Institut National
Polytechnique de Grenoble, Université Paul
Sabatier
- Korean side : KIST, KAIST, Seoul National Univ.,
Ajou Univ., Chungbuk National Univ., Chungnam
National Univ, KNU, KRISS, POSTECH
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08 M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

04/07/08
Driven by a “bottom-up” approach
Reform of CNRS is a key issue
Cooperation F/K : Some specific tools
(and fundings) dedicated to exchanges of talented people (juniors and seniors)
M. NOEL, Ambassade de France en Corée

AMBASSADE DE FRANCE EN COREE
marianne.noel@diplomatie.gouv.fr
www.ambafrance-kr.org
04/07/08