Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting
Together in the Cafeteria?
Beverly Daniel Tatum, PhD.
Definitions
Briefly define:
racism: ______________________
prejudice: ______________________
bigotry: ______________________
Definitions
Briefly define:
1: a belief that race is the primary determinant of
human traits and capacities and that racial differences
produce an inherent superiority of a particular race
2: racial prejudice or discrimination
racism: ______________________
Daniel Webster
1: injury or damage resulting from some judgment or action of
another in disregard of one's rights; especially detriment to one's
legal rights or claims
2: (1) preconceived judgment or opinion (2) : an adverse opinion or
leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge
prejudice: ______________________
1 : the state of mind of a bigot
2: acts or beliefs characteristic of a bigot
( A bigot is a person who is obstinately or intolerantly devoted
to his or her own opinions and prejudices)
bigotry: ______________________
Definitions
Briefly define:
system of advantage based on race
racism: a______________________
Beverly Daniel Tatum
prejudice: ______________________
bigotry: ______________________
Active Antiracists
Passive Racists
Active Racists
Cognitive Development:
You and your White pre-school child are shopping
in the grocery store. You pass a Black woman and
her Black child. Your child says loudly, “Look at
that little girl! Why is she so dirty?”
• Your response to your child is:
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
Cognitive Development:
You and your White pre-school child are shopping
in the grocery store. You pass a Black woman and
her Black child. Your child says loudly, “Look at
that little girl! Why is she so dirty?”
• Your response to your child is: Not “Shhhhh!!”
“Honey, that little girl is not dirty. Her skin is as
clean as yours. It’s just a different color. Just like
we have different hair color, people have
different skin colors.”
– Why is it important to actually respond?
(“colorblind”?)
Identity “Statuses”
James Marcia:
Four Identity Statuses are:
1. Diffuse:
2. Foreclosed:
3. Moratorium:
4. Achieved:
Identity “Statuses”
James Marcia:
Four Identity Statuses are:
1. Diffuse: little exploration or active consideration
of a particular domain, and no psychological one
2. Foreclosed: commitment has been made to a role
or belief system, often selected by parents
3. Moratorium: active exploration of roles and beliefs
in which no commitment has yet been made
4. Achieved: strong personal commitment to a
particular dimension of ID following high
exploration
vocation, religion, values, politics, gender roles, ethnic, and RACE
Racial Identity Development
Psychologist William Cross:
(Author of Shades of Black)
Five stages of racial identity development are:
1. Pre-encounter
2. Encounter
3. Immersion/Emersion
4. Internalization
5. Internalization-Commitment
Racial Identity Development
Psychologist William Cross:
(Author of Shades of Black)
Five stages of racial identity development are:
1. Pre-encounter
Most Relevant for Adolescents
2. Encounter
3. Immersion/Emersion
4. Internalization
5. Internalization-Commitment
Pre-Encounter Stage
The personal and social significance of ones racial group
membership has not yet been realized, and racial
identity is not yet under examination.
Why?
Encounter Stage
Something happens!
What?
Transition to Encounter Stage.
Encounter Stage
Something happens!
What?
Transition to Encounter Stage.
Young black girl in a
white community.
Malcolm X.
Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting
Together in the Cafeteria?
Beverly Daniel Tatum, PhD.