Assistant Referee Course
OBJECTIVES
Understand what to expect from U-10 players
Be able to perform pre-game duties
Know the parts of the field
Know the number of players in each age group
Recognize ball in and out of play
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Assistant Referee Course
OBJECTIVES
Understand method of scoring
Know how to start,
when to stop
and how to restart play
Basic understanding of fouls and free kicks
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Assistant Referee Course
OBJECTIVES
Understand basics of offside
Use appropriate signals
Manage post-game situations
Understand the AYSO Team concept
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Everyone Plays
Balanced Teams
Open Registration
Positive Coaching
Good Sportsmanship
Player Development
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Everyone Plays
Our program’s goal is for kids to play soccer –
so we mandate that every player on every
team must play at least half of every game
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Balanced Teams
Each year we form new teams as evenly
balanced as possible – because it is fair and
more fun when teams of equal ability play
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Open Registration
Our program is open to all children between 4½
and 19 years of age who want to register and
play soccer. Interest and enthusiasm are the
only criteria for playing
Some of our regions even have VIP Programs
that provide a quality soccer experience for
those with physical or mental disabilities
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Positive Coaching
Encouragement of player effort provides for
greater enjoyment by the players and
ultimately leads to better-skilled and bettermotivated players
OSITIVE
PIE
NSTRUCTIONAL
NCOURAGING
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Good Sportsmanship
We strive to create a positive environment
based on mutual respect rather than a win-atall-costs attitude, and our program is designed
to instill good sportsmanship in every facet of
AYSO
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Player Development
We believe that all players should be able to
develop their soccer skills and knowledge to
the best of their abilities, both individually and
as members of a team, in order to maximize
their enjoyment of the game.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Philosophies
Everyone Plays
Balanced Teams
Open Registration
Positive Coaching
Good Sportsmanship
Player Development
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Team
KIDS
COACHES
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
AYSO Team
AYSO Team Rules
Work Together
Help Each Other
Protect Each Other
Do Our Best
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
History of the Game
Soccer is known as Football outside the USA
Earliest “organized” game was called
Harpastum,
played by the Romans.
It was very brutal.
But a heck of a
lot of fun !!
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
History of the Game
The modern game dates from 1863 when the
Laws of the Game were established at a
London pub
Two factions split from one another.
One was Rugby.
The other was Football
(soccer)
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
History of the Game
FIFA (Federation International de
Football Association) governs the
worldwide game
USSF (United States Soccer
Federation) is the national
governing body
AYSO is a National Association
member of USSF
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Spirit of the Game
The Spirit of the Game can be
summarized in three simple words:
Fun
Fair
Safe
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Philosophy of Refereeing
The Laws of the Game are intended to provide
that games should be played with as little
interference as possible, and in this view it is
the duty of the referee to penalize only
deliberate breaches of the Law.
Constant whistling for trifling and doubtful
breaches produces bad feelings and loss of
temper on the part of the players and spoils the
pleasure of spectators.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Philosophy of Refereeing
In the younger players’ games, the referee is
more of a friendly guide than policeman.
Young players that commit technical errors
(like taking a restart improperly) generally
should be given a second chance.
Young players should never be subjected to
public humiliation.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Checking for Learning
How many Philosophies does AYSO have?
SIX
Name three of the six AYSO Philosophies.
Everyone Plays, Balanced Teams, Open
Registration, Positive Coaching, Good
Sportsmanship, Player Development
What acronym is used to describe how coaches are
to behave with their players?
PIE
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Checking for Learning
What does the acronym PIE stand for?
Positive
Instructional
Encouraging
How many members are on the AYSO Team?
THREE
Name two of the four AYSO Team rules.
Work together, Help each other,
Protect each other, Do their best
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Checking for Learning
Which AYSO team member is
the foundation of the program?
The Coach
What three words embody the Spirit
of the Laws of the Game?
FUN FAIR SAFE
Should a young player who misbehaves be publicly
disciplined as an example?
No
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 1
Understanding Younger Players
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-6 Players
Physical Characteristics
Early stages of development
Can run, jump and skip,
but motor skills are still developing
Lots of energy, but in bursts.
Can still tire easily
Can’t sit still long
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-6 Players
Social/Emotional Characteristics
Craves praise and attention
Fearful of unknowns
Needs encouragement
Rapid and unpredictable mood changes
Disposition to telling tall tales
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-6 Players
Thought/Cognitive Characteristics
Lacks judgment regarding own safety/abilities
Does not think logically
Asks lots of questions
Fond of stories
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-8 Players
Physical Characteristics
Plays hard and works at playing hard
Sense of timing is developing
Eye-hand coordination has improved
Agility and endurance much better than U-6 U-8
can now balance on one foot
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-8 Players
Social/Emotional Characteristics
Starting to define likes and dislikes
Friendship is important
“Play” needs a purpose
Afraid of failure
Need for honesty training
Starting to compare self to others
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-8 Players
Social/Emotional Characteristics
Self-esteem and self concept a big issue
Becoming more outgoing
Peer acceptance is very important
Quick to tattle
Cooperative with adults
Interested in belonging to group
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-8 Players
Thought/Cognitive Characteristics
Beginning to understand
moral rules of behavior
Can solve some problems
Starting to grasp the Team concept
Understands the viewpoint of others
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-8 Players
Thought/Cognitive Characteristics
Needs concrete reinforcement
Treats every little mistake as a major crime
Rigidly interprets ideas of
justice and fair play
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-10 Players
Physical Characteristics
More interested in competitive activities
More interested in improving skills
Attention span is increasing
May accept a physical touch,
but some will begin to reject it
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-10 Players
Social/Emotional Characteristics
Group acceptance is important
Wants to be liked
Feelings are easily hurt
May blame others
to explain their own mistakes
Needs reinforcement
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
U-10 Players
Thought/Cognitive Characteristics
Can recall details with accuracy
Can understand the concept
of cause and effect
Enjoys attention but their reaction to praise may
be more subdued
Still takes what is said quite literally
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
Understanding Younger Players
Implications for how
we officiate these games
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
Dealing with Coaches/Spectators
Use the AYSO Team concept to enlist cooperation
Remain calm and professional
Maintain control of your emotions
Intervene early to prevent escalation
(A smile, wink or look can defuse a bad situation)
Keep adults focused
on creating an enjoyable
experience for the players
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 2
Field of Play
Penalty
Area
Goal
Area
Halfway Line
Corner
Flag
Halfway
Flag
Goal
Goal Line
Penalty
Arc
Penalty
Mark
Corner
Arc
Center
Circle
Touch Line
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Arrive early
Check field and equipment
Introduce yourself to the Coaches
Check players equipment
Brief Assistant Referees
Conduct coin toss
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Arrive early
At least 15 minutes prior to game time
(20-30 mins if first game of the day)
In proper uniform
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Arrive early
With required equipment
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
•
•
•
•
The Ball
Spherical and safe (not torn)
Firm, but yields ¼ inch to
thumb pressure
Size 3 for U-6 & U-8
Size 4 for U-10
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Check Field and Equipment
Markings
Holes, glass, rocks, debris, etc.
Goals (properly secured)
Nets (secured, no holes/gaps)
Corner flags
Ball
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Introduce yourself to the Coaches
Learn their names
and write them down
Be approachable
Not flippant, cold
or arrogant
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Check players equipment
Team Uniform
Shirt, Shorts, Shoes, Socks, Shinguards
If thermal shorts are worn, they
must be the same color as the shorts
Shinguards must be under the socks
Goalkeeper’s shirt must be distinguishable
from all other players and the referee
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Check players equipment
Nothing dangerous (in your opinion)
No jewelry, watches, earrings
No casts or splints (even if padded)
Knee braces are okay, but only if padded and
safe to all players (in your opinion)
Medical alert bracelets may be worn, but must
be secured to the player with tape, cloth
wristband or something similar that is safe.
The information must remain visible
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Brief Assistant Referees
Neutral AR’s:
Work as a team
Follow standard signals
Discuss non-standard signals
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Pre-game Duties and Activities
Brief Assistant Referees
Club Linesmen:
Non-neutral
Explain expectations;
Put at ease
Only call in/out of play
Raise flag straight up when ball has gone
completely over the line.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Post-game Duties
Collect the game ball and
return to owner.
Supervise team handshake
Complete lineup card and
misconduct report (if any)
Congratulate referee team and
seek feedback
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
123
U10
Blue Angels
Blue/White
Jane Doe
John Doe
Post-game
Duties
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
I I
Mia Hamm
Julie Foudy
Tiffeny Milbrett
Cindy Parlow
Abby Wambach
Kristine Lilly
Michelle Akers
5/21/06
1-1
3-2
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
ABC
X
X
X
X
I
12:15
X
X
West
N/A
Blue Angels
Red Devils
Checking for Learning
During the safety inspection of the players, the
referee notices that a player is wearing
earrings. She explains that she had her ears
pierced the previous day and if she removes
the earrings the holes will close.
What should the referee do?
The referee should explain to the player that
earrings are not permitted; if she wishes to play,
she must remove them. The referee may
choose to involve the coach.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Checking for Learning
In a U-8 game, the ball offered by the home
team is a size 4 but otherwise acceptable.
What should the referee do?
Point out to the team that provided the ball
that it is the wrong size and ask for a size 3 ball.
If the team cannot provide one, ask the other
team for one. If no size 3 ball is available, play
the match with a size 4 ball.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Checking for Learning
During the field inspection, the referee notices
that a goal is being held in place by two bricks
placed on the back of the structure.
What should the referee do?
Bricks resting on the goal structure are not
sufficient to anchor it securely. The referee
should inform the coaches that the goals need to
be securely anchored before the match can start.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Checking for Learning
The goalkeeper must wear a jersey that is ____ ?
Different from the referee and all other players
It is not necessary to check the field prior to the
start of the match if it is the last game of the
day. (True/False)
False
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Checking for Learning
A club linesman may indicate whether a corner
kick can be awarded or not. (True/False)
False. Club linesmen can only indicate when
the ball has gone over the touchline or the
goal line (not a goal).
Knee braces may be worn by a player.
(True/False)
True, but only if padded and if it is safe for all
players, in the opinion of the referee.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Now that we’ve finished our
pre-game activities....
How do we start the game?
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 3
Starting the Game
Conduct coin toss
Brief introduction (no long lectures)
Doesn’t matter who tosses
the coin or who calls it
Winner of the coin toss
chooses which goal to attack
The other team takes
the kick-off
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 4
Kick-Off
Verify the correct number of
players on the field (no
visible or audible counting).
Minimum of seven (7) players
on each team for full-sided
regulation games.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 4
All playersmust
mustbebe10onyds
their
own
Defenders
from
theside
ball
A
A
D
D
A
A
D
D
D
A
A
A
D
A
D
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 4
D
Kick-Off
The ball is stationary in
the center of the field.
Referee blows whistle to start play.
Ball is in play when kicked and moves forward.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 4
Keeping Time
Time starts when the ball has been put into
play (kicked and moves forward).
The match consists of two equal periods.
The clock is stopped (or time added) for
excessive time lost due to substitutions, time
wasting or unusual delays.
The amount of time lost (if any) is
determined by the referee.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 4
Checking for Learning
The team that wins the coin toss chooses ____ ?
Which goal to attack
Where should the players be on a kick-off?
Each team should be in its own half of the field.
The team that is not taking the kick-off must be
outside the center circle.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 4
Stopping the Game
There are seven reasons to stop play:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Ball goes out of play
The referee deems it necessary
Goal is scored
Foul is committed
Injury
Substitution
Halftime / End of Game
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
The lines of the field are part of
the area they define:
In Play
In Play
IN
OUT
In Play
Either in the air or on the ground
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Out of Play
The ball’s position determines
whether it is in or out of play;
Not the player’s position
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Play is stopped when the referee
deems it necessary
Sometimes there are
outside influences that
make it necessary to
stop play.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Play is stopped when a goal is scored
When the ball crosses
wholly over the goal line,
between the goalposts
and beneath the crossbar.
It does not matter which
team put it there.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Play is stopped when
a foul is committed
This is something that is
unfair or unsafe.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
The fouls that most commonly occur
in U-10 and younger age groups include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Kicks an opponent
Trips an opponent
Pushes an opponent
Holds an opponent
Unfairly charges an opponent
Handles the ball deliberately
Plays in a dangerous manner
Goalkeeper takes more than six seconds
to put the ball into play
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Play is stopped for injuries
ANYTIME IMMEDIATELY
In younger players’
games it’s better to
err on the side of
caution
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Play is stopped for injuries
Blood on clothing
must be
neutralized.
Blood on the body
must be removed.
This is the coach’s responsibility
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Play is stopped for substitutions
There are four opportunities for substitutions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Injury
Approx. midway through the first half
Halftime
Approx. midway through the second half
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Play is stopped at the end of the first
half and at the end of the game
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Checking for Learning
When can the referee stop play for an injury?
Anytime
Immediately
A player dribbling the ball steps over the line.
The ball is out of play. (True/False)
False. It’s the position of the ball (not the
player) that determines whether the ball is in
play or not.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Checking for Learning
Is this ball IN or OUT of play?
OUT
IN
IN Play
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Checking for Learning
How many substitution opportunities are there
in a regulation match?
Four
Name them
Approx. midway through the first half
Halftime
Approx. midway through the second half
Injury
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Checking for Learning
A player is injured and leaves the field (with the
referee’s permission). What are the coach’s
substitution options?
1. The team can play short until the player
returns to the field (with the referee’s
permission); or
2. A substitute can replace the injured player.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Checking for Learning
A player is injured and leaves the field (with the
referee’s permission). The coach decides to
substitute the injured player. Which player
gets credit for the “quarter”?
The player that started the “quarter”.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Checking for Learning
If the boundary line of the field is a rut in the
grass and the ball gets caught in the rut as it
rolls, is it in play?
Yes. The lines are a part of the area they define.
The ball remains in play until the entire ball
crosses the entire line.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Checking for Learning
According to the National Rules and
Regulations, what is the minimum amount of
time each team member must play?
Half the game (two “quarters”)
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 5
Restarting the Game
For some reason, the game has been stopped.
(Injury, goal, foul, ball out of play, etc.)
How do we restart play?
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
THROW-IN
When the ball passes out of play over a touch
line, play is restarted with a Throw-in.
The throw is taken by the opponents of the
team that last touched the ball.
The throw is taken from the approximate
point on the line where the ball left the field.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
THROW-IN
At the moment of delivering
the ball, the thrower must:
• Face the field of play;
• Have part of each foot touching the
ground either on or behind the line; and
• Use both hands to deliver the ball from
behind and over the head.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
THROW-IN
• The ball is in play as soon as released and
any portion of it is on or over the outside
edge of the touchline.
• Opposing players must be at
least 2 yds. from the point
of the throw-in.
• A goal may not be
scored directly from a throw-in.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
GOAL KICK
When the whole ball passes over the goal
line, last touched by an attacker (not a goal),
play is restarted with a Goal Kick for the
defending team.
The ball is placed anywhere in the goal area.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
GOAL KICK
All of these balls are legally placed
within the goal area.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
GOAL KICK
The ball is in play when it leaves the penalty
area into the field of play
The kicker cannot touch the ball a second
time until it’s touched by any other player.
A goal can be scored directly from a goal kick,
but only against the opposing team.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
CORNER KICK
When the whole ball passes over the goal
line, last touched by a defender (not a goal),
play is restarted with a Corner Kick for the
attacking team.
The ball is placed
anywhere
within the corner
arc area.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
CORNER KICK
All of these balls are
legally placed
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
CORNER KICK
Players from the opposing team
must be 10 yds. from the ball.
The ball is in play when it is kicked
(with a kicking motion) and moves.
It does not have to leave the corner arc area.
The kicker cannot move the corner flag.
A goal can be scored
directly from a corner kick.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
FREE KICKS
A way to restart play when the Referee
has stopped play because of a foul.
There are two types
of free kicks:
Direct Free Kick
Indirect Free Kick
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
Direct Free Kick (DFK)
A goal can be scored directly from the kick
(against the opposing team)
Indirect Free Kick (IFK)
The ball must touch any other player before a
goal can be scored
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
To signal an Indirect Free Kick, the
Referee holds his hand straight up
into the air.
The hand remains in this position
until the ball either (a) touches any
other player, or (b) goes out of play.
There is no signal for a Direct Free Kick
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
The kicker may not
touch the ball a
second time until it
has touched
Exception: If a free kick taken by the
another player.
defending team in its own penalty area is
touched a second time before the ball leaves
the penalty area, the kick is retaken.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
In most cases a Free Kick (both types) is:
• Taken from the location of the foul, and
• In play once it is kicked (with a kicking
motion) and moves.
• All opponents must
be 10 yds. from
the ball.
But there are
some exceptions.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
If a free kick of
any type is
awarded to the
defending team in
its own penalty
area…
The ball is in play
once it leaves the
Penalty Area
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Direction of Kick
If a free kick of
any type is
awarded to the
defending team in
its own goal area,
the ball can be
placed anywhere
in the goal area
The ball is in play
once it leaves the
Penalty Area
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Direction of Kick
If an IFK is
awarded to the
attacking team in
its opponent’s
goal area, the ball
is moved out to
the goal area line.
The ball is in play
once it is kicked
and moves.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Direction of Kick
If a Direct Free Kick
Foul is awarded to
the attacking team
in the opponent’s
penalty area, a
penalty kick is
awarded instead.
The ball is in play
when it is kicked
and moves
forward.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Direction of Kick
PENALTY KICK
(U-10 and above, only)
• A penalty kick is awarded when a direct
free kick foul has been committed by a
team within its own penalty area.
• All players (other than the kicker and the
goalkeeper) must be:
- Outside the penalty area and penalty arc
- Behind the ball
Until the ball is played.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
PENALTY KICK
(U-10 and above, only)
• The goalkeeper must remain on the goal
line (but can move side-to-side) until the
ball is in play.
• The ball is in play
once it is kicked
and moves forward.
• The kicker may not touch the ball a second
time until touched by any other player.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Restarting the Game
DROPPED BALL
A way to restart play for
an unusual but neutral reason.
Injury
Dog on the field
Stray ball
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
DROPPED BALL
The referee drops the ball where it was
when play was stopped.
The ball is dropped from the
players’ waist height.
The ball is in play when it hits the ground.
If a player kicks the ball before it hits the
ground, the ball is dropped again.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Checking for Learning
The ball goes completely over the touch line, last
touched by an attacker. What is the restart?
Throw-in for the defending team
The ball goes completely over the goal line (not
a goal), last touched by a defender. What is
the restart?
Corner Kick
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Checking for Learning
Is this ball legally placed
for a corner kick?
Yes
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Checking for Learning
What does this signal indicate?
Indirect Free Kick
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
Checking for Learning
How many players must be present for the
taking of a dropped ball?
There is no requirement
The ball goes completely over the goal line (not
a goal), last touched by an attacker. What is
the restart?
Goal Kick
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 6
OFFSIDE
The Offside Law is the only law that restricts
tactical positioning during dynamic play.
The offside law is intended to ensure that players
earn the right to shoot on goal.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
OFFSIDE
Elements of the offside infraction:
1. Position
2. Time of Judgment
3. Active Involvement
All three elements must be present
or there cannot be an infraction
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
OFFSIDE
Offside Position
A Player is in an offside position if he is:
1. In the opponents’ half of the field;
2. Closer to the opponents’ goal line than at least
two opponents; and
3. Closer to the opponents’ goal line than the ball
All three elements must be present or the player is
not in an offside position, and there cannot be
an infraction
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Offside Position
It is not an offence to be in an offside position
It just means that player is
momentarily off his team.
He cannot interfere with play or any of the
opposing players.
He cannot have any involvement in the match.
He’s off his team.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
OFFSIDE
Time of Judgment
Offside Position is judged at the moment
the ball touches or is played by one of his team
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
OFFSIDE
Active Involvement
A player may be involved in active play by:
1. Interfering with play;
2. Interfering with an opponent; or
3. Gaining an advantage by being in that
position.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
OFFSIDE
Once all three of these conditions have been met:
POSITION
TIME OF JUDGMENT
ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT
An offside infraction has occurred
An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing
team from the place the infringement occurred.
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
OFFSIDE
Exceptions
There is no offence if a player
receives the ball directly from:
Goal Kick
Corner Kick
Throw-In
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
A1
A2
D
A
D
A
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
NOT
OFFSIDE
D
A2
A
A1
D
A
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
NOT
OFFSIDE
D
A
A2
A1
D
A
A
A3
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
A2
NOT
OFFSIDE
A1
A
D
Goal Kick
A
D
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
A
D
D
A
Deflection off goalpost
or goalkeeper
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
NOT
OFFSIDE
D
A
D
A
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
A
A
D
D
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
A
D
D
A
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
D
A
A
D
D
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR
NOT
OFFSIDE
D
A
D
A
D
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Direction of attack
AR Corner Kick
A
A
D
OFFSIDE
D
D
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Key Takeaways
It is not an offence to be in an offside position
Wait for Active Involvement before penalizing
for offside
The player is not required to
touch the ball for the offside
to be penalized
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 7
Referee and Asst. Referee Mechanics
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
What are the Duties
of the Referee ?
1. Keep a record of the match
a. Timekeeper
b. Scorekeeper
c. Control substitutions
d. File a written report
2. Stop play for injury
3. Restart play when it has been stopped
4. Suspend/terminate a match for cause
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
REFEREE COMMUNICATION / SIGNALS
Whistle
Voice
Hand
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
REFEREE POSITIONING
AR2
Direction of play
Goal line
R
Fouls and
injuries
AR1
Offside
Diagram 1
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
Touch line
REFEREE POSITIONING
AR2
Offside
Touch line
Goal line
Direction of play
R
Fouls and
injuries
AR1
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
REFEREE POSITIONING
AR2
Offside
Touch line
Goal line
Direction of play
R
Fouls and
injuries
AR1
Diagram 3
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
ASST. REFEREE DUTIES AND SIGNALS
Neutral Assistant Referee:
• Indicate ball out of play
• Indicate which side gets
throw-in, goal kick or corner kick
• Indicate when offside infringement has
occurred
• Indicate when substitution is desired
• Assist the referee to control the game
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
ASST. REFEREE DUTIES AND SIGNALS
Club Linesmen
Only indicate ball
in-and-out of play
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
ASST. REFEREE DUTIES AND SIGNALS
FLAG SIGNALS:
• Throw-in
• Goal Kick
• Corner Kick
• Offside
• Goal
• Other
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
Key Takeaways
The Referee’s role is to ensure the game is
Fun, Fair and Safe
Assistant Referees assist the Referee
The referee team positions
themselves to “box” play
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
Checking for Learning
Who determines when the half is over?
The Referee
Who calls offside?
The Referee
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
Checking for Learning
What method of communication by the Referee is most
effective to say to the players
“Stop playing – I saw a foul”?
The whistle
What is the Assistant Referee’s signal for a throw-in
awarded to the attacking team?
Faces the field of play and raises the flag 45 degrees
above the diagonal in his right hand, parallel to the
touch line
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8
In AYSO,
It’s about more
than the game !
Assistant Referee Course - Lesson 8