Using Mashups and Multimedia to
Provide Online User Independence
for all Learning Styles
39th
LOEX
National
Conference May 2011
Lori Mestre
lmestre@illinois.edu
Overview of Presentation
Learning Styles
Discussion
of Learning
Objects
Relationship
to Learning
Styles
Study
Overview
Suggestions
Have You Taken a Learning Style Quiz
Enter
question
text...
in the
Past Year?
1. Yes
2. No
46%
54%
1
2
Vark: Guide to Learning Styles
Visual
Aural
Read/Write
Kinesthetic
What’s Your Learning Preference?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Visual
Auditory
Read/Write
Kinesthetic
53%
23%
18%
8%
Learning Styles Using Vark Assessment
Hispanics and Asian Americans
8
7
7
6
5
4
4
3
3
2
1
1
0
Visual
Read/Write
Kinesthetic
Auditory
Cultural Differences Can Influence Learning
• Different Dimensions of Learning
• Instructional Practices
• Information Processing
• Social Interaction Tendencies
• Influence of Personality
What’s your process for putting
together a puzzle? Borders 1st?
Or more by concept,
color….?
What’s your Process for Putting
Together Puzzles?
1. Do all the boarders
first?
2. Look for groupings,
concepts, colors?
35%
65%
1
2
NCSU Questionnaire (Feldman/Soloman)
Active/Reflective
Sensing/Intuitive
Visual/Verbal
Sequential/Global
Results: NCSU Learning Style Assessment
120
100%
100
95%
90%
85%
80
70%
60
55%
45%
40
20%
20
0
Active
Reflective
Sensing
Intuitive
Visual
Verbal
Sequential
Global
Acadia Institute for Teaching and
Technology
Active Learner
Reflective Learner
Instruction
Class Participation
Assignments
Model Building
Assessment
Projects
Reports
Field Trips
Virtual Field trips
Critical Thinking
Reflection Time
Problem Sets
Journaling
Problem Solving
Essays
Observations
Readings
Meetings
Webcasts
Reference
Communication
Acadia Institute for Teaching and
Technology
Sensing Learner
Intuitive Learner
Instruction
Images
Sounds
Demos
Creation of Demos
Images
Case Studies
Detail Tests
Audio Tests
Field Trips
Virtual Field Trips
Conferencing Tools
Case Studies
Hypothesis Setting
Assignments
Assessment
Reference
Communication
Problem Solving
Resolution Building
Outcome Projections
Compare & Contrast
Group Work
Acadia Institute for Teaching
and Technology
Visual Learner
Auditory Learner
Verbal Learner
Instruction
Video Clips
Diagrams & Images
Maps
Lecture
Audio clips
Assignments
Mind Mapping
PowerPoint With Images
Interviews
Seminars
Reports & Speeches
Assessment
Id on Maps
Drawings and Sketches
Read & response
Sound Identification
Verbal tests
Reference
Reference maps
Diagrams/Pictures
Articles
Video/Audio Clips
Communication
Whiteboard
Phone
Match up
Learning
Objects with
Learning
Style
Preferences
What Primary Learning Objects Do You Use?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Video Tutorials
Games
Podcasts
Images
Scenarios
All of the Above
59%
26%
10%
3%
1
2
3%
0%
3
4
5
6
Discussion of
Learning Objects/Mash Ups
Images
Tutorials
Videos
Polls
Games
Podcasts
Other Mash-Ups
Using Library DataUIUC Library
Google Maps- Location (Temple Univ)
Study Overview
40%
30%
20%
10%
Options for Learning through Multiple Modalities
From a Survey to Librarians
35%
28%
20%
10%
5%
2%
0%
Visual and
auditory
All three
Varies
Text with Visual only
screen shots
or images
Text only
Do you Plan your Objects So That a User Can
Enter
question
Pick
and Choose
What Totext...
Do Next?
1. Yes
2. No
3. It Varies
23%
41%
36%
1
2
3
Do you plan your objects so that a user can
pick and choose what to do next?
(From a previous study)
Varies
16%
Yes
20%
No
64%
Student Involvement
 Took Two Learning Style Inventories
 Index of Learning Style Inventory
▪ http://www.engr.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ilsweb.html (NC State)
 Vark Questionnaire (How Do I Learn Best)
▪ http://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnaire
▪ Went through two to three tutorials
▪ a web page static tutorial to learn how to get to and use ERIC
▪ a Camtasia tutorial to learn how to get to and find a database through
Online Research Resources
▪ an interactive tutorials
Usability Interviews by Students
Used Camtasia
software to
record their
mouse
movements
Asked to
talk through
their actions
(voice was
recorded)
Pre- and
posttests.
Asked to
go
through
2-3
tutorials
Student Results- Ability to Recreate Steps
Static Tutorial Results
“good to show
us how to do
something”
Voki
Camtasia Tutorial
Results
“good to explain
a concept”
Tutorial with Text Based
Static Tutorial Results
– Scrolled up and down the page to see all the
sections and what was required
– Viewed images (rarely read the text)
– Opened a new window to practice while they
viewed the web page
– Went back to web page for information
– Most successful in finding information after this.
Camtasia Version
UIUC Tutorials
http://www.library.illinois.edu/diglit/tutorial/index.html
Camtasia Results
•
•
•
•
Watched without practicing
Couldn’t recreate process
Didn’t attempt to go back for assistance
Only two students were successful in the post
test (graduate Asian students)
Recommended Features
•
•
•
•
•
Pop-ups to highlight important information
Sections (chapter markings)
Questions to engage the mind
Interactivity, have students do something
Prefer the static web page to a video tutorial- more
efficient– include other multimedia as options
within the web page.
Results- Student Usability Study
Multiple Modalities
•All but one had high rankings for multiple modalities.
•All but one preferred the step-by-step process.
•Students wanted to skim the whole thing first then find the
key items.
What Students Want
Text: Bold, Highlight, Bullets, Arrows
Images: Large, high resolution
Clearly defined sections
Additional information available if needed
Keep information inside the images
Net Generation
Short,
concise,
practical
bits of
information
Use of
familiar/
relevant
resources
Active;
kinesthetic
learning–
innovative
technology
Individualized
through
personal
contact and
feedback
Suggestions
Make learning objects intuitive to learners
Use short
Standardize
language
20 - 30
and color second video
schemes
clips
Use
captioning
for audio
Create ways
to emphasize
main ideas
(pop-ups)
Your Turn to Design a Page:
Enter
text...
What one extra
thingquestion
could you add
to your tutorial?
58%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Short Video Clips
Short Audio Clips
Images
Scenario
Drag and Drop
17%
14%
11%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
Which Version Would you Choose?
1. Version 1
2. Version 2
13%
87%
1
2
Which would you choose?
1. Drag and
drop citation
77%
2. Type in the citation
23%
1
2
What Would you Add to Accommodate
More Styles?
47%
39%
1. Audio Clips
2. Pop up or video clip
showing marked up paper
3. Both
13%
1
2
3
What Would You Add to Help Learners?
You quote it
68%
1. Animated figure to
read the text
2. Video clip or a real
person reading the text
3. Where to click
27%
5%
1
2
3
What Are the Multimodal Features Here?
Which Learning Style is Not Being Accommodated?
Which Learning Style is not Being Accommodated?
58%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Reflective
Sequential
Auditory
Global
32%
5%
1
5%
2
3
4
Video Clip and Practice Options
Pick and Choose
Assessing steps to take
Many User Options
Next Steps for Our Tutorials
• Create more mash-ups that incorporate images, sound, and
text into one learning object.
• Cease talking when a pop-up appears to allow time to read
and reflect on the message
• Create an opening scenario or “choose a character” to help
them relate to the experience.
• More Interactivity: Options for them to “try it out”, including
“drag and drop” elements, choose an answer, reflect and
provide a response, brief quizzes, games and consequences.
Modifications Continued
• Visual cues so users know what they can do (such as arrows ,
animation cues, extra tips) to alert them what to do next and
where to click.
• More auditory cues will be used to provide positive and negative
feedback through sound, such as dings and buzzes.
• Scenarios to help engage the student and make the material more
relevant to them.
• Chapter markers for students who want to pick and choose
sections, as well as to be able to easily go back and review
something
Mismatch – Students Want
Variety of tools
that engage
Multiple paths
to information
Interactive
opportunities
Yet 63% of
librarian survey
respondents did
not provide tools
for multiple
modalities
Yet 72% of
respondents
did not provide
for multiple
paths
Yet 52% did not
provide these
and only 6%
provided them in
every tutorial
What Was Your #1 Take-away From This Talk?
1. It’s important to incorporate
multiple options in tutorials
2. Video tutorials aren’t effective
for all students
3. Perhaps librarians should
assess their tools with
students
26%
58%
16%
1
2
3
Questions?
Lori Mestre
lmestre@illinois.edu
Made possible by a grant from the Research and
Publications Committee of the University of Illinois
Resources Used in Presentation
Learning Styles
• Index of Learning Style Inventory
–
–
•
Vark Questionnaire (How do I Learn Best)
–
–
•
•
http://www.engr.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ilsweb.html (NC State)
Felder Richard M. and Barbara A. Soloman. “Learning Styles and Strategies.” North Carolina State University,
2009. June 1, 2009. <http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/ILSdir/styles.htm
http://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnaire
Helpsheets for Study Practices based on Preferences: http://www.varklearn.com/english/page.asp?p=helpsheets
Keys to Effective Learning http://blog.iqmatrix.com/mind-map/accelerated-learning-mind-map
Acadia Institute for Teaching and Technology. Learning Styles
http://learningcommons.acadiau.ca/resources/workshops/learningstyles.ppt
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Tutorials Highlighted in Presentation
Berkeley: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/doemoff/tutorials/ill.html
Eastern Washington University:
http://support.library.ewu.edu/reference/tutorial/flash/citation.html
Rutgers: http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~estec/tutorials/scholarly.htm
Sbu research guide: http://www.library.stonybrook.edu/tutorial/index.html
University of Arizona: http://www.library.arizona.edu/help/tutorials/index.html
UCI Irvine Libraries online workshop:
http://www.lib.uci.edu/how/tutorials/LibraryWorkshop/begin.html
UIUC Digital Literacy: http://www.library.illinois.edu/diglit/
University of New Castle, Australia: Info Skills tutorial:
http://www.newcastle.edu.au/Resources/Divisions/Academic/Library/informationskills/infoskills/index.html
Vaughn Memorial Library: You quote it, you note it
http://library.acadiau.ca/tutorials/plagiarism/
Resources for Using Mash-ups
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•
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For lots of resources for creating or finding learning objects see:
http://uiuc.libguides.com/learningobjects
Mash-up Photos: http://www.mashupphotos.com/
Big Huge Labs: http://bighugelabs.com/
Make a Prezi and record in Camtasia/Captivate http://prezi.com
Mashup Dashboard: http://www.programmableweb.com/mashups
Mashup images from flickr, mosaic maker, poster maker- make a jigsaw puzzle
Pipes – drag & drop modules for building mashups (try Library 2.0 ) www://pipes.yahoo.com
Primo sites: http://www.lycoming.edu/library/instruction/tutorials/plagiarismGame.html
UNC example of “show me” button that links to a tutorial
http://www.lib.unc.edu/instruct/tutorial/articles/articles.html
VOKI http://www.voki.com/create.php
Sounds effects collection http://www.music-oasis.com/download/Audio/Sound-EffectsCollection/?f=WNBKtvTPS&a=6591&adid=6048869960