Comparing Web Frameworks
DR. MOHAMMAD IQBAL
THANKS TO ADITYA SENGUPTA
Web Frameworks?
 PHP Frameworks
 Zend
 CodeIgniter
 Symfony
 CakePHP
 Yii
 Kohana
 Drupal*
 Wordpress*
 Ruby on Rails
 Django
Why PHP? Why not PHP?
 It’s easy:
 Easy to learn
 Easy to run
 Easy to find PHP developers
 75% of web sites run on PHP
 Powerful
 Extensible
 Open source
Why PHP? Why not PHP?
xkcd.com/292 by Randall Munroe
Comparing Frameworks
 Default installation as per instructions on the official
website of the framework

Except using SQLite as opposed to MySQL as the database
engine
 Basic website as per the tutorial/getting started
document for the framework
 Login/Authentication functionality added if not
available in the default tutorial
 Performance testing for one static page, a large
dynamic page and a login page
Functionality Compared
LICENSE
REQUIREMENTS
CONSOLE TOOLS
DOCUMENTATION
TUTORIALS
Zend Framework
 Open source (New BSD License)
 Object Oriented
 M-V-C Architecture
 Requires PHP 5.2.4 or later
 Optionally PHPUnit 3.0
 Database agnostic
Zend Framework
 Provides a console tool (zf) for Rapid Development
 Automagically generates models, controllers, layouts




and views
Does not automagically generate SQL
Does not automagically create CRUD functions
Poor documentation
Default tutorials don’t provide Authentication or
Security related examples
CodeIgniter
 Is not completely open source (CodeIgniter license)
 Requires developers to indemnify the company
 Object Oriented
 M-V-C Architecture
 Requires PHP 5.1.6
 Database agnostic
 Does not support SQLite3 natively
CodeIgniter
 No console tool
 No automagic generation for any functionality
 Extremely small download (2.2MB)
 Does not provide a text tutorial on the site (only video
tutorials)
 Tutorials on the site use older versions of CodeIgniter


class xyz extends Controller (v 1.x)
class xyz extends CI_Controller (v 2.x)
 Default tutorials don’t provide Authentication or Security
related examples
Symfony (1.4)
 Open source (MIT license)
 Object Oriented
 M-V-C Architecture
 Requires PHP 5.2.4
 Symfony2 will require PHP 5.3.2
 Database agnostic
 Uses doctrine or propel for the Object Relational Mapping
(ORM) layter
Symfony (1.4)
 Extremely powerful console tool (symfony)
 Automagically generates all elements including sql




queries (from YAML source)
Provides extremely detailed tutorials for all
functionality
Tutorials work as documented
The basic tutorial includes admin functionality as
well as authentication and security information
Plugins are extremely easy to install using console
tools.
CakePHP
 Open source (MIT license)
 Object Oriented
 M-V-C Architecture
 Works with PHP4 (4.3.2)
 Database agnostic
 Does not natively support SQLite3
CakePHP
 Console tool (cake)
 cake bake generates code if a database is defined
including models, views and controllers for the
tables in the database
 cake schema is used for database backup/restore
functionality
 Separate tutorials for a weblog and ACL controlled
applications.
 Tutorials work as documented
Yii Framework
 Stands for Yes It Is!
 Open source (BSD license)
 Object Oriented
 M-V-C Architecture
 Requires PHP 5.3
 Database agnostic
Yii Framework
 Powerful console tool (yiic)
 Does not generate SQL
 Uses Gii (web based code generator) for CRUD
operations
 Default yii application as generated by yiic includes
authentication functionality and three basic pages
 Tutorials are regularly updated
Kohana
 Open Source (BSD license)
 Originally based on CodeIgniter, but no longer
 Object Oriented
 M-V-C Architecture
 Requires PHP 5.1.6
 Database agnostic
 Does not support SQLite3 natively
Kohana
 No console tool
 No automagic generation for any functionality
 Extremely small download (1.1MB) even smaller
than CodeIgniter
 Documentation is poor. Most basic information like
database connectivity is not available on the user
guide for version 3.1.
 Tutorials are extremely limited (no tutorials for v3.1)
Ruby on Rails
User Friendly (27 June 2008) by J.D. “Illiad” Frazer
Ruby on Rails
 Open source (MIT license)
 Object Oriented
 M-V-C Architecture
 Provides its own server but using Apache with
Passenger may uninstall PHP5 on Ubuntu
 Database agnostic
Ruby on Rails
 Multiple console tools (rails and rake)
 Databases can be managed via console tools with
YAML configuration files
 Automagically generated code includes CRUD
functionality however the Rails Guide notes that
experienced Ruby developers rarely use it
 Default tutorials use plain http authentication rather
than database driven authentication
xkcd.com/353
Django
 Open source (BSD license)
 Object Oriented
 Model-Template-View design (same as MVC)
 Provides its own server but can integrate with
Apache or any other server
 Database agnostic
Django
 Uses python manage.py as a console tool
 Automagically generates sql and admin functionality
 Can use console tools to manipulate data
 Tutorial is basic but well written. There is a “coming
soon” at the end of the tutorial
 Admin functions are behind login pages, but the
tutorial does not show how to create login pages for
the public site
Performance Compared
JAKARTA JMETER 2.4
VMWARE WORKSTATION 7.1
WINDOWS 7 BASIC
Static Page
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Average (ms)
Median (ms)
Throughput (req/min)
User/Administrator Login
25000
4500
4000
20000
15000
10000
5000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
Average
Median
Throughput
101 Blog Entries on a Single Page
60000
3500
50000
3000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Avg
Median
Throughput
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