Group B
Coral, Krystal, Shade, Nani, & Christina
is a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in
the perception or expression of reality. It most
commonly manifests as auditory hallucinations,
paranoid or bizarre delusions, or disorganized speech
and thinking with significant social or occupational
dysfunction. ...
There are many theories and hypothesis
about the causes of Schizophrenia
• Genetic and environmental factors are thought to act
in combination to trigger the onset of the disorder
• Changes in the neurotransmitters such
as dopamine, GABA, nor epinephrine,
serotonin, glutamate, and acetylcholine
• Auto-immune damage
• Some believe it is a neurodegenerative
disorder
• Some believe it is an inherited disorder
that is exacerbated by stress and
hormonal changes
Positive symptoms:
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Paranoia
Delusions
hallucinations (usually auditory)
thought disorder
disorganized speech
psychosis
Negative symptoms:
• flat or blunted affect and emotion
• poverty of speech
• anhedonia (the inability to experience
pleasure)
• lack of desire to form relationships
• lack of motivation
There are several subtypes of schizophrenia
each defined by their predominant clinical
symptoms.
Three common types are:
– Disorganized: symptoms include grimaces, bizarre
mannerisms, hypochondriacally complaints, extreme
social withdrawal, and other behavioral oddities
associated with schizophrenia.
– Paranoid: symptoms include hallucinations, persecutory
or grandiose delusions, anxiety, anger, become
argumentive and violence.
– Catatonic: symptoms include mutism, psychomotor
disturbance that may involve stupor or excitement,
negativism, rigidity, or posturing.
• Developing a treatment
“TEAM” which includes:
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Psychiatrist
Primary Care Physician
CSAC
LCSW or case manager
Family Members
• Stabilize the positive symptoms
with anti-psychotic medication
such as but not limited to:
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Clozaril
Seroquel
Risperdal
Haldol
Anti-depressants
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy:
– which helps them decrease some symptoms and
improve their ability to function socially
• Therapy to improve:
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coping skills
money management skills
problem solving skills
medication management skills
• Denial of disorder
• Disorganized
– can’t remember to take meds
or keep appointments
• Substance abuse
• A treatment plan that is
too complicated
• Medication side effects
•A person with Schizophrenia is more than four times more likely to have a
substance-abuse problem than someone without Schizophrenia.
•Approximately 47% of patients with Schizophrenia have a diagnosis of
substance abuse.
•Approximately 1.2% (3.2 million) of Americans have Schizophrenia
•According to Paul at BISAC about 60% of their clientele have a dualdiagnosis or co-occurring mental disorders.
•Approximately 20% of the United States prison population could be
classified as dually-diagnosed.
•The most common onset of schizophrenia is during adolescence or early
adulthood.
•The most common drugs abused by schizophrenics are nicotine and alcohol,
followed by marijuana, cocaine, meth, and tranquilizers.
•Psychoactive drugs such as cocaine, meth, PCP, LSD, ecstasy and special K
may cause some symptoms that mimic schizophrenia or may cause present
symptoms to intensify.
•Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal such as hallucinations may mimic those of
Schizophrenia.
Neurobehavioral disorder
characterized by
pervasive inattention and
hyperactivity-impulsivity
that often results in
substantial functional
impairment
• Inattention
• Hyperactivity
• Impulsivity
• Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive:
– 6 or more symptoms in the hyperactivity-
impulsivity categories
• Predominantly inattentive:
– 6 or more symptoms in the inattention
category
• Combined hyperactive-impulsive &
Inattention:
– 6 or more symptoms from hyperactivity-
impulsivity and inattention categories
(Most common)
Exact cause is unknown but
study suggests it may be linked to:
• Genes
• Environmental factors
(ex. Lead)
• Brain injuries
• Premature delivery
• Tobacco and Alcohol use
during pregnancy
• Low birth rate
Treatment can relieve many
of the disorder’s symptoms
but can not cure ADHD
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Medication
Various types of Psychotherapy
Education and Training
A combination of treatments
 High and optimistic feeling and
emotions
Extreme irritability towards others and
self
Sleep depravation, yet exceedingly
energetic
Rapid speech
Impaired judgment and impulsiveness
Reckless behavior without foresight of
consequences
Trazodone
Side effects 
Depression
Feeling of sadness,
worthlessness, hopelessness,
etc. to the extent in which it
affects your everyday life &
activities.
Causes
There is no single absolute cause of
depression. Every situation varies
drastically. Among all, the one
universal quality all causes share is
loss.
• Agitation
Symptoms
• Restlessness
• Irritability
• Change in sleep patterns
• Change in appetite
• Difficulty concentrating
• Fatigue
• Lack of energy
• Hopelessness
• Helplessness
• Worthlessness
• Self-hatred
• Guilt
• Withdrawal from usual enjoyed
activities
• Thoughts of death or suicide
Types
There are several different types of depression.
Often they are distinguished by their prevalent
features, duration and severity of symptoms.
•Major Depressive Disorder:
•A major depressive episode occurs
with symptoms that last for most of
the day, nearly every day for at least
two weeks
•Dysthymic Disorder:
•Nearly constant depressed mood
for at least 2 years accompanied by
at least two other symptoms
•Manic Depression:
(now known as Bipolar Disorder)
•This kind of depression includes
periods of mania and depression.
Other types of depression:
•Situational or Reactive
•Postpartum
•Seasonal Affective Disorder
•Atypical
•Chronic
•Endogenous
•Psychotic
Treatments
Drugs help depression by elevating the two brain
chemicals, serotonin and nor epinephrine, which are
believed to be associated with mood improvements,
especially when combined with psychoactive treatment.
The most common groups of
anti-depressions are:
- SSRI's (Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors)
-Tricyclic anti-depressants
- MAOI's (monoamine oxidase
Inhibitors)
Side Affects
• self-destructive
thoughts
• heartburn
• drowsiness
• loss of appetite
• dry mouth
• constipation
• weight gain
• sleepiness
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Is an anxiety disorder that can develop after
exposure to a terrifying event in which
grave physical harm occurred or was
threatened
•Combat exposure
•Rape
•Childhood neglect and
physical abuse
•Sexual molestation
•Physical attack
•Being threatened with
a weapon
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Startling easily
Becoming emotionally numb
Losing interest in things that were once enjoyable
Aggressive & violent behavior
Difficulty sleeping & concentrating
Flashbacks
• Cognitive therapy:
– This type of talk therapy helps you identify and change self-destructive thought
(cognitive) patterns.
• Exposure therapy:
– This behavioral therapy technique helps you safely confront the very thing that
you find upsetting or disturbing, so that you can learn to cope effectively with
it.
• Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR):
– This type of therapy combines exposure therapy with a series of guided eye
movements that help you process traumatic memories.
• Cognitive behavior therapy:
– This approach combines cognitive and behavior therapy to help you identify
unhealthy beliefs and behaviors and replace them with positive ones.
• Anti-depressants, anti-anxiety medications:
– Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (Celexa, Paxil, Prozac, Zoloft)
Depression & anxiety
Substance abuse
Eating disorders
Suicidal thoughts &
actions
• Employment &
relationship problems
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After learning about various
disorders to better understand
them and identify their symptoms we would:
•Assess client, if symptoms are present refer them
to their PCP or Psychologist for proper diagnosis.
•Continue to work with the client in the area of
substance abuse treatment if recommended by
their physician.
•Be an active member of the clients health care
team by maintaining regular communication with
the clients PCP and/or Psychologist, follow
recommended treatment plan and conduct regular
follow ups with the client.
• Physicians prescribing narcotics to
recovering addicts
• Family enable ling
• Client continuing to live in
the same environment
• Dual diagnoses
– the symptoms of the drug and/or
alcohol addiction may conceal
the symptoms of a mental
illness or vice versa
• Over 70% of the prison
population suffer from two or
more mental health issues
• 4 out of 10 leading causes of
disability in the US and other
developed nations are due to
mental illness disorders
• 1 in 10 children have a mental
health disorder between the
ages of 1 and 15
• Globally, over 450 million
people suffer from a mental
health problem or
mental illness
• Difficulty with intimacy
• Erratic mood swings
• Inability to maintain
employment or attend
classes
• Difficulty formulating and
conveying thoughts
• Become socially inept or
solitary
• Inability to manage finances
or control spending
• Violent tendencies or
uncontrolled anger
APS Healthcare
• Kahi Mohala Behavioral Health
• Specializes in ADHD treatment
• Big Island Substance
Abuse
• Al-Anon
• Ku Aloha Ola Mau
• Narcotics Anonymous
• Ke Ala Pono Recovery
Center
• Lokahi Treatment
Center
• Po`ailani
• Maui
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Aloha House
Ohana Makamae, Inc.
Malama Na Makua A Keiki
Maui Champ Clinic
Alano Club of Lahaina
• Kauai
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Alcoholic Rehabilitation Services of Hawaii, Inc. (ARSH)
Hina Mauka
Ke Ola Pono Recovery Center
Hope Help & Healing
• Oahu
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The Institute for family Enrichment
Ho'omau Ke Ola
Kline-Welsh Behavioral Health Foundation
The Queen's Medical Center
Oxford House, Inc.
Alcoholic Rehabilitation Services of Hawaii, Inc. (ARSH)
CARE Hawaii, Inc.
Our Ideal Treatment Facility
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Comprehensive Substance Abuse Treatment Facility:
* Individual & group counseling
* Daily 12-step meetings
* Residential & out patient programs
* 24 hour relapse intervention team
& detox center
* Various levels of treatment facilitated by
experienced LCSW, APRN, CSAC and
Licensed Psychologist
Health Care and Wellness Facility:
* Primary care medical center
* Dental clinic
* Fitness center
* Nutrition classes
*Quit smoking program
* Full service cafeteria
Mental Health Treatment Center:
* 24 hour crisis intervention team
* Medication management
* Ongoing psychological screening,
diagnosis and treatment by experienced
Psychiatrist and LCSW
Social Service Support:
* Employment training and placement
* Outreach and legal support services
* Life skills and parenting classes
* Society & family reintegration program
* Family counseling services
* Transportation services
* Childcare facility
* 2 year residential housing complex with
both individual and family units
“Power of Healing”
Our Mission …
Our mission is to provide
a comprehensive substance abuse
treatment & recovery program to
individuals and their families.
We envisioning a healthy
community where everyone has
the opportunity to achieve their
full potential spiritually,
mentally, and physically.
Cousin
Teacher
Friend
Stranger