A. Rise of the Cotton Kingdom
1. Area south of PA and north of
SC and east of the Appalachian
Mts. was known as
Upper South
the_____________.
2. By 1850 the population
shifted inland and south to the
Deep South
area known as the ___________.
3. After 1800 – main crop of
Southern States was _______.
cotton
Cotton Gin aids production from field to
___________
northern mills.
 a.
enslaved people greater because
* Value of _________
they’re needed to harvest cotton and sugar
cane.
B. Industry in the South
1. Region predominantly
________.
rural
2. Capital used to invest in
land, slaves
______________.
3. Large percent of
population were _______
slaves with no
impact on local economies.
4. The Tredegar Iron Works of
Richmond,
Virginia was a leading
________________
producer of iron.
Baltimore, Maryland Charleston, South Carolina
New Orleans, Louisiana
6. Development of cotton in the West led to the new
Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas
states of: ____________________________.
Natural waterways
a.__________________
were the major source of
transportation.
1860 only oneb. By _____
rail lines lie
third of U.S. ________
within the South.
II. Life in the South
A. Life on the Small Farms
a. Farmers without slaves were known as
_________
yeomen and generally grew crops both for
their own use and to sell or trade.
Tenant farmers rented land or worked on
b. ______________
landlords’ estates.
B. Plantations
a. About 12 percent of
Southern plantation owners
half of the
held more than _____
enslaved workers, while
about half of the planters
held fewer than five enslaved
workers.
b. To receive the best prices,
planters often sold their
cotton to agents of cotton
exchanges
___________.
i. The agents extended
______
credit to the planters and
held the cotton until
prices rose.
ii. This system kept planters
debt because they
in ______
did not receive payment
until the agents sold the
cotton.
c. Plantation wives were generally in charge of
watching over enslaved workers tending them
____________________________,
when they were ill, and supervising the plantation’s
buildings and fruit and vegetable gardens.
d. Enslaved people did many kinds of work on a
field hands
plantation, but most were ___________.
C. City Life and Education
a. With the coming of
the _________,
railroads many
cities began to grow
as centers of trade.
b. Cities provided free
African Americans the
opportunity to form their
communities
own _____________.
c. Those who could afford it often sent their children to
______________.
private
schools
public schools were established, many
d. Even when _____________
children did not attend because of the great distances
to travel.
A. Life Under Slavery
1. Family Life – early 1800’s
enslaved families.
a. U.S. law did not protect _________
marriage between slaves wasn’t
1.__________
recognized.
2. Providing ________
stability was a ________
network of
relatives and friends creating an______________.
extended family
1808
slave trade
b. Native born African Americans continued to
practice their culture.
3. African American Christianity
a. A religion of
hope and resistance
____________________.
Spirituals gave them an
i. _________
outlet for their passionate
beliefs and allowed them to
____________
communicate with one
another.
B. Resisting Slavery
1.
____________
Slave Codes in Southern states were
created to prevent rebellion.
Nat Turner
C. Escaping Slavery
1. _______________
Harriet Tubman and
__________________
Frederick Douglass both
escaped slavery to freedom in
the North.
Fugitive slaves risked
2. ______________
capture and return.
3. Ultimate freedom was
Canada where slavery was
________
1834
outlawed in _____.
A. Early Efforts to End Slavery
William Lloyd Garrison a white man and
1. _____________________
__________________,
Frederick Douglass an escaped slave – were two well
known abolitionists who sought to end slavery.
Benjamin Lundy a Quaker, spread their
2. Men like _______________,
antislavery message through newspapers.
Colonization Society
3. American ___________
_______
1816 to purchase slaves to
Formed in ______
send them _______
abroad to start new lives.
Liberia
ii. Created the African nation of ________
along the west coast.
i.
1. Its name means “________________.”
Place of freedom
halt the growth of slavery
2. Failed to _____
freedom in
iii. Most African Americans wanted _________
American society.
B. The New Abolitionists (after _____)
1830
1. William Lloyd Garrison founded
“____________”
his well known newspaper
The Liberator
in 1831.
societies he started
i. The antislavery
___________________
chapters
numbered more than 1,000
_____________by
1838.
2._________________________
Sarah and Angelina Grimke were
among the first women who spoke out.
i. Angelina’s husband, Theodore Weld
wrote American Slavery As It Is in 1839.
Freedom’s Journal was the first African
3. _________________
American newspaper.
convention of free
4. 1830 first abolitionist ___________
African Americans – held in ____________.
Philadelphia
5. Escaped slave __________________
Frederick Douglass
published the“North
__________.
Star”
Sojourner Truth an excellent speaker,
6. _______________
dedicated her life to ending slavery and working
for women’s rights.
Underground Railroad
C. The ___________
_______ aided
escaped slaves.
Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 required
1. The ___________________
escaped slaves be returned to their owners.
Slave hunters
Moses of her people
V. Slavery and the West
A.
The Missouri Compromise
a. Missouri was admitted to
slave
the Union as a _______
state.
b. Maine was admitted as a
______
free state.
a. The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of
1798-1799 declared that the Federalists’
Alien & Sedition Acts (laws) were
______________________
unconstitutional.
b. The nullification issue was raised
again in the 1820s and 1830s by
Southerners over the issue of
protective _________.
tariffs
John C. Calhoun of SC
South Carolina voted for
1. In 1832 ________________
an Ordinance of Nullification against
Congress’s newly passed tariff.
2. In an 1833 compromise, the tariff
lowered and the Ordinance of
was __________
Nullification withdrawn.
C.
New Western Lands
Texas where slavery existed, became a state
a. _______,
in 1845.
Wilmot Proviso specified
b. The _________________
that slavery should be prohibited in
any lands acquired from Mexico.
John C. Calhoun believed that
c. __________________
government could not ban or regulate
slavery.
1848 Presidential Campaign
Poster- Free Soil Party –
Candidates: Martin VanBuren &
Charles Adams
Free Soil Party was born out of
d. The ________________
the failure of the Democratic and Whig
1848 presidential candidates to take a
stand on slavery.
California would be admitted as a free
a. ___________
state.
b. The New Mexico territory would have no
slavery
restrictions on _________.
c. The New Mexico-Texas border dispute would
New Mexico
be settled in favor of______________.
d. The slave trade, but not
slavery itself, would be
abolished in the
_____________________.
District of Columbia
fugitive slave
e. A stronger _________
law would be enacted.
The End!