Carbohydrates
Chapter 22
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
1. Classify and give the IUPAC name for the following
sugars:
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
2. What is the relationship between D and L glucose?
a. Enantiomers
b. Diastereomers
c. Epimers
d. Structural isomers
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
3. What’s the relationship between D-mannose and Dglucose?
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
4. Predict the products and determine if optically
active or inactive:
A.
B.
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
5. Draw and name an aldohexose that will get reduced
to the same alditol as D-talose.
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
6. Predict and name the products:
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
7. Compare and name the products for the oxidation of
D-mannose with Br2 in water verses the oxidation
with nitric acid (HNO3).
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
8. Draw and name two D-aldohexoses that will
produce an optically inactive aldaric acid upon
oxidation with HNO3.
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
9. Draw and name a sugar that will form the same
aldaric acid as D-arabinose.
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
10. Ketones will not get oxidized by Tollens’ reagent
(Ag+, NH3, OH-) however ketoses will get oxidized.
Explain. Predict the products for D-fructose with
Tollens reagent.
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
11. Draw the osazone for D-glucose. What other sugars
will form the same osazone?
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
12. Predict the products.
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
13. Predict the products. What other sugar will
produce the same product?
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
14. Aldohexoses A and B form the same osazone.
Compound A is oxidized by nitric acid to an optically
active aldaric acid, and compound B is oxidized to an
optically inactive aldaric acid. Wohl degradation of
either A or B forms aldopentose C, which is oxidized
by nitric acid to an optically active aldaric acid.
Wohl degradation of C forms D, which is oxidized by
nitric acid to an optically active aldaric acid. Wohl
degration of D forms (+)-glyceraldehyde. Identify A,
B, C and D.
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
15. Draw and name the alpha and beta Haworth and
chair conformers for the following sugars.
a. D-glucose
b. D-mannose
c. L-galactose
d. D-ribose
e. D-fructose
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
16. Explain mutarotation
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
17. Predict and name the products:
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
18. What does it mean to be a reducing sugar? Which
of the following are considered reducing sugars?
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
19. Name four disaccharides and describe the
differences between them
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
20. Name four polysaccharides and describe the
differences between them
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22
Carbohydrates - Ch. 22