The Big Three Conferences of WWII Purposes and Results… Purpose of the Meetings • Civilian leaders of the Allies meet to discuss “grand strategy” for the war. • A time to “size up” each other and the intentions of each country going forward. • An opportunity to further your specific goals by making them part of the overall strategy of the alliance. • To plan the post war world and how it will be contolled. Major “Big 3” Meetings • Teheran (1943) held in the capital of Iran close to the Soviet border. • Yalta (Feb. 1945) held in the Soviet Union. • Potsdam (July 1945) held in a suburb of Berlin. Teheran • First opportunity for the three leaders to meet “face to face” • Churchill and FDR have met numerous times adding fuel to Stalin’s fear of collusion between the western leaders. Results of Teheran • Allied leaders agree to a ‘second front’ in Europe by the spring of 1944. • Stalin meets with FDR and gets his assurance of a ‘cross channel’ invasion in 1944. • Stalin needs to have pressure taken off the eastern front as soon as possible. Yalta Conference • Big 3 meet in Stalin’s Soviet Union to discuss the final defeat of Germany. • Maps that indicate the areas of Allied control are drawn up. • Soviets gain E. Europe • Germany will be divided • Berlin will be divided A failing FDR at Yalta The Division of Europe Potsdam Conference • Allies meet in a suburb of Berlin to finalize the division of Europe • Discuss the surrender of Japan • A shake up of the Big 3 • Growing mistrust amongst the Allies • Truman’s secret… Results of the Conferences • Allies made strategic plans for the defeat of the Axis. • The “seeds of the Cold War” were planted at Yalta. • The division of Europe agreed upon at Yalta and Potsdam would remain for decades… • Opened the door to the atomic age. • Ushered in an era of tension between the ‘superpowers’. Hiroshima Nagasaki