Human Trafficking
HUMAN TRAFFICKING
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Human Trafficking
Human trafficking is the trade in humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexual
slavery, forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others or for
the extraction of organs or tissues including surrogacy and ova removal; or for providing
a spouse in the context of forced marriage. Human trafficking can occur within a country
or trans-nationally. Human trafficking is a crime against the person because of the
violation of the victim's rights of movement through coercion and because of their
commercial exploitation. Human trafficking is the trade in people, and does not
necessarily involve the movement of the person from one place to another.
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Human Trafficking
Human trafficking represents an estimated $31.6 billion of international trade per annum
in 2010. Human trafficking is thought to be one of the fastest-growing activities of
transnational criminal organizations.
Human trafficking is condemned as a violation of human rights by international
conventions. In addition, human trafficking is subject to a directive in the European
Union.
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Human Trafficking
In 2004, the total annual revenue for trafficking in persons were estimated to be
between USD$5 billion and $9 billion.
In 2005, Patrick Belser of ILO estimated a global annual profit of $31.6 billion. In 2008,
the United Nations estimated nearly 2.5 million people from 127 different countries are
being trafficked into 137 countries around the world.
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Human Trafficking
Causes of human trafficking
POVERTY
Poverty is a common thread that runs through the stories of many victims. People living
in extreme poverty are given the promise of a well paid job and a better life in another
country, perhaps with lodgings and educational opportunities included. They have no
idea that the person making the extravagant promises is a trafficker. And they do not
find out until it is too late.
The victim finds themselves in a foreign country, like the UK or Ireland, where they do
not speak the language or have any contacts. Their passport and identification
documents are usually taken from them. They are then exploited.
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Human Trafficking
DEBT
Debt is another inroad for human traffickers. People are trafficked into or within the UK
and Ireland as a means of repaying debts that they or their family can no longer
afford. They are then exploited. They are told that any money they are “earning” is
going towards reducing their debt.
Many charges and penalties are regularly added to the overall debt, such as for board,
lodgings, transport, and even bad behavior. So the debt will never be repaid and the
victim continues to be controlled and exploited.
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Human Trafficking
ADDICTION
Addiction is used by traffickers to identify and target victims who are already
vulnerable. People addicted to drugs or alcohol are easily manipulated and can have
impaired judgment, making them believe what they are told more easily than someone
else might.
Addicts are targeted by traffickers and promised money or their substance-of-choice in
exchange for work. They are then not paid for any work they do and are beaten or
threatened with violence if they object. This intimidation is used to secure further “work”
from the addicts in the future.
Addiction is also used a method of controlling victims who are already enslaved
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Human Trafficking
POLITICAL INSTABILITY & NATURAL DISASTERS
Political Instability & Natural Disasters can make people vulnerable to being
trafficked. War, civil unrest and the aftermath of natural disasters cause instability that
traffickers can use to their advantage.
Chaos, mass migration and the separation of family units make people vulnerable to
kidnap for the purposes of trafficking. Theses situations can equally encourage potential
victims to agree to themselves or family members being taken elsewhere on the
promise of safety and a life with more stability.
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Human Trafficking
DEMAND
Demand is sadly the biggest reason for anyone being trafficked. There would be no
trafficking if there was no end-user willing to exploit the victims. But from private
individuals to organized crime-lords, there are many people in our society who ensure
that there is a demand for exploitation and there is money to be made from it.
Reducing demand is a key step in seeking to rescue victims from the cycle of human
trafficking.
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Human Trafficking
Top 10 Countries Infamous for Human Trafficking
Bangladesh-. It is a major hub for trasit routes all across the world. Forced prostitution,
forced labour, forced organ donations, selling of organs, even selling ova eggs.
Brazil-Women and trafficked extensively as prostitutes because the tourists that come to
Brazil wish for them. Men are trafficked as forced labour for doing the gruesome manual
labour at a very cheap rate.
Haiti-Haiti faces the biggest problem of human trafficking in form of slavery and
prostitution
Pakistan-The biggest problem in human trafficking that Pakistan faces is that of bonded
labour. Bonded labour can be for domestic help or for working in industries, factories or
in the mines etc. Prostitution is also a major reason for human trafficking. Although
Pakistan is a very religious, orthodox country, the rate of prostitution is very high.
Uganda-They traffic children and force them to join the military forces. Girls are forced
into sexual slavery by men and they are treated very badly.
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Human Trafficking
India-Humans are trafficked in, out and across India for various purposes such as forced
labor, forced prostitution, forced organ implantation etc. Girls are forced to become
surrogate mothers against their will. Children are trafficked for working into factories that
manufacture dangerous stuff like gunpowder and firecrackers.
Sri Lanka-Humans are trafficked in and outside Sri Lanka, mainly for the purposes of
domestic help, prostitution and labor. But even within Sri Lanka, children are trafficked
around to be used in the military forces.
Nepal-Almost 5,000 to 10,000 Nepali women and girls are trafficked just to India every
year. It is considered to be the busiest route of human trafficking in the world. A lot of
people are bought into India from Nepal as India is a fast developing country and in
need of a lot of labor.
China-Forced prostitution happens within the Chinese borders and beyond it. It was
recently found out that there are large Chinese human trafficking rackets in Spain and
France will buy and sell these Chinese people for about $72,000.
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