IT Governance in a
Decentralized Organization
Charles T. Thompson
Chief Information Officer
City of Phoenix
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Key Discussion Points
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The many definitions of IT Governance…
‘Take Aways’
Why IT Governance at the City of Phoenix?
Six Key Assets
ITG Model & Decision Rights
‘Take Aways’ – Take Two!
Questions??
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
IT Governance (ITGI)
• IT Governance: IT governance is the
responsibility of the board of directors and
executive management. It is an integral
part of enterprise governance and consists
of the leadership and organizational
structures and processes that ensure that
the enterprise’s IT sustains and extends
the enterprise’s strategies and objectives.
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
IT Governance (Ross/Weill)
……is specifying the decision rights and
accountability framework to encourage
desirable behavior in IT usage.
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
IT Governance at the City of Phoenix
• IT Governance (ITG) is the structure of
relationships and processes which ensure
the effective and efficient use of
information technology in enabling the City
to achieve its goals.
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Take Aways!
• IT GOVERNANCE = CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
• Your model and framework MUST fit into your
CULTURE – there is no single answer
• Compliance/Enforcement Mechanisms must have a
FINANCIAL component
• The model MUST be read from LEFT to RIGHT
• The top level of the model, must set the IT
PRINCIPLES
• IT leadership (CIO) must do the marketing and
branding, via facilitation
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Why IT Governance for City of
Phoenix?
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Preserving the Public Trust
KPMG & City Audit Findings
Operations & Maintenance Cost
IT Spend – 3%- 10% - (Cost Shift)
Standardizing Solutions
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P.S. – this does not happen overnight!
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Six Key Assets
People
Money
Property
Knowledge
Technology
Relationships
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Who controls, manages, makes decisions as to how these assets
will be acquired and used to attain City goals?
What methodical, consistent policies & processes govern how
these assets will be acquired, controlled, managed, and
applied to attain City goals and objectives?
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
ITG Board – “Lines of Business” by Department
Public Safety
•Police
•Fire
•Municipal Court
Resident Services
•Human Services
•Neighborhood Services
•Housing
•Library
•Parks & Recreation
•Water
•Public Works
•City Manager Functions
(Family Advocacy, etc.)
Administrative
Financial
•ITS
•Finance
•Personnel
•Budget & Research
•City Clerk
•Finance
•Budget & Research
•City Attorney
•Retirement
•Equal Opportunity
•Public Information Office
•Intergovernmental Programs
•City Auditor
Executive Representation
•Deputy City Manager(s)
Infrastructure/Transportation
•Aviation
•Streets
Business Services
•Engineering
•Development Services
•Planning
•Phoenix Convention Center
•Public Transit
•Community & Economic Development
•Downtown Development
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Public Representation
•Mayor’s Office
•Council Staff
IT Governance Model
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Five Key “IT” Decisions
IT Infrastructure
Decisions
Business Application
Needs
Based on IT Governance by Dr. Peter Weill & Jeanne W. Ross
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
IT Investment &
Prioritization
Decisions
IT
Architecture
Decisions
IT Principles Decisions
ITG Matrix Definitions
City Executives
• City Executives decide for everyone
“Business Monarchy”
ITS
• ITS decides for everyone
“IT Monarchy”
Operating
Department
“Feudal”
Multi-Departmental
Group
• Operating Departments decide for
themselves
• Multi-Departmental group decides
“Federal”
ITS with Operating
Department
“Duopoly”
“Anarchy”
• ITS works with the Operating
Departments to make decisions
• No formal decisions - “IT just happens”
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
The ITG Matrix
IT
Principles
IT
Architecture
IT
Infrastructure
Business
Applications
IT
Monarchy
Feudal
Federal
Duopoly
input
decision
Business
Monarchy
Anarchy
Don’t Know
Based on IT Governance by Dr. Peter Weill & Jeanne W. Ross
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
IT
Investment
City of Phoenix - ITG Matrix
The ITG Matrix
IT Principles
IT Architecture
Input
Input
Decide
Decide
IT Infrastructure
Input
Decide
Business
Applications
Input
X
City Executives
Decide
IT Investment
Input
X
X
ITS
X
X
Operating
Department
Multi-Departmental
Group
ITS with Operating
Department
X
X
X
X
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Decide
X
Take Aways!
• IT GOVERNANCE = CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
• Your model and framework MUST fit into your
CULTURE – there is no single answer
• Compliance/Enforcement Mechanisms must have a
FINANCIAL component
• The model MUST be read from LEFT to RIGHT
• The top level of the model, must set the IT
PRINCIPLES
• IT leadership (CIO) must do the marketing and
branding, via facilitation
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”
Questions??
“Connecting Phoenix to Information”