Campus Location:
Georgetown, Dover, Stanton,
Wilmington
Effective Date: 2017-51
Course Number and Title:
CHM 151 – Chemical Principles II
Prerequisite:
CHM 150, MAT 153 or higher
Course Credits and Hours:
5 credits
4 lecture hours/week
3 lab hours/week
Course Description:
This course is a continuation of CHM 150. Topics include solutions,
thermodynamics, kinetics, equilibria, acids and bases,
electrochemistry, coordination, nuclear and macromolecular
chemistry. Laboratory experiments are used to illustrate theory.
Required Text(s):
Obtain current information at https://www.dtcc.edu/studentresources/bookstores, or visit the bookstore. (Check your course
schedule for the course number and section.)
Additional Materials:
Method of Instruction:
Face-to-Face
Disclaimer:
Core Course Performance Objectives (CCPOs):
1. Apply chemical and physical principles to the study of liquids, solids, and solutions. (CCC 1,
2, 4, 6, 7; PGC 1, 7, 10)
2. Use kinetics to determine rate laws and reaction mechanisms. (CCC 1, 2, 4, 6, 7; PGC 1, 7,
10)
3. Apply the principles of equilibrium to chemical systems. (CCC 1, 2, 4, 6, 7; PGC 1, 7, 10)
4. Use thermodynamics to study chemical systems. (CCC 1, 2, 4, 6, 7; PGC 1, 7, 10)
5. Apply oxidation-reduction principles to the study of electrochemical systems and cells. (CCC
1, 2, 4, 6, 7; PGC 1, 7, 10)
6. Apply atomic theory to nuclear reactions. (CCC 1, 2, 4, 6, 7; PGC 1, 7, 10)
7. Relate chemical principles to inorganic, organic, and biochemical compounds and reactions.
(CCC 1, 2, 4, 6, 7; PGC 1, 7, 10)
8. Safely assemble and operate routine chemistry laboratory apparatus, and obtain valid
qualitative and quantitative observations. (CCC 2, 3, 7; PGC 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
9. Perform and analyze various laboratory activities related to chemistry. (CCC 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7; PGC 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
10. Document laboratory observations and data in a laboratory notebook in accordance with
accepted professional standards. (CCC 1, 4, 5; PGC 4, 7)
See Core Curriculum Competencies and Program Graduate Competencies at the end of the
syllabus. CCPOs are linked to every competency they develop.
Measurable Performance Objectives (MPOs):
Upon completion of this course, the student will:
1. Apply chemical and physical principles to the study of liquids, solids, and solutions.
Apply the solubility rule “like dissolves like” to describe solubility properties of liquids
and solids.
Define hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
Calculate enthalpies of solution.
Describe the temperature dependence of solubility.
State Henry’s law, and apply it to problems involving gas solubility.
Calculate the percent concentrations, parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb),
mole fraction, and molarity of a solute in solution.
Solve problems and carry out calculations involving vapor pressure lowering, freezing
point depression, and boiling point elevation.
Describe and perform calculations involving vapor-liquid equilibria.
Calculate vapor concentrations for binary solvent mixtures from solution temperature
and concentration data.
Describe the process of osmosis, calculate the osmotic pressure of a solution, and use
osmotic pressure to calculate the molar mass of a solute.
Compare solutions to suspensions and colloidal dispersions.
Discuss bond polarity.
Discuss coordination chemistry.
2. Use kinetics to determine rate laws and reaction mechanisms.
Express reaction rates in terms of change in concentration of reactants and products per
unit time; illustrate reactions by drawing molecular drawings.
Describe the factors that influence reaction rates.
Use rate data to determine rate laws by the initial rate and graphical methods.
Calculate rate constants from experimental data and the rate law.
Use a rate law to determine the units of the rate and rate constant, the order of reaction
with respect to each reactant, and the overall order of the reaction.
State the units of the rate constant for a given rate law.
Evaluate reaction mechanisms, and determine whether or not a mechanism is consistent
with a rate law.
Discuss collision theory and transition state theory.
Use the Arrhenius equation to calculate activation energies, rate constants, and relative
reaction rates.
Draw and interpret activation energy diagrams for endothermic and exothermic
reactions.
Explain the action of catalysts.
Distinguish between and give examples of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.
3. Apply the principles of equilibrium to chemical systems.
Describe dynamic equilibria, and draw molecular pictures to illustrate systems at
equilibrium.
Write mass action expressions.
Describe the relationship between equilibrium constants at a constant pressure and at a
constant concentration (Kp and Kc).
Relate the magnitude of an equilibrium constant to the extent of an equilibrium reaction
in the forward or reverse direction.
State the effect of temperature on the equilibrium constant.
Compare homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria.
Apply Le Chatelier’s principle to chemical equilibria.
Calculate equilibrium constants from equilibrium concentrations.
Use equilibrium constant expressions to calculate equilibrium concentrations.
Identify and compare Bronsted acids and bases.
Identify conjugate acid-base pairs.
Discuss periodic trends in acid strength.
Identify Lewis acids and bases.
Define coordinate covalent bonding.
Write the reaction and equilibrium constant for the ionization of water.
Relate pH and pOH values to acid or base strength.
Calculate the pH of a solution of a strong acid or base.
Write ionization constants of weak acids and bases.
State the relationship between the acid ionization constant (Ka) of a Bronsted acid and
the base ionization constant (Kb) of its conjugate base.
Perform calculations of Ka or Kb equilibrium expressions.
Solve equilibrium problems involving aqueus solutions of weak acids, weak bases, or
salts of weak acids or bases to determine pH.
Describe the function of buffers, and identify the components in a buffer solution.
Perform calculations for buffer solutions, and determine the pH of a buffer solution
before and after addition of an acid equilibria.
Describe polyprotic acid equilibria.
Draw and interpret titration curves for titration of a strong acid with a strong base, a
weak acid with a strong base, and a weak base with a strong acid.
Carry out calculations for acid-base titrations.
Select a suitable indicator for an acid-base titration, and determine the color of a
solution of specified pH to which an indicator has been added.
Write equilibrium equations and solubility product constants (Ksp) for sparingly soluble
and insoluble salts.
Calculate Ksp from solubility data and vice versa.
Discuss the common ion effect, and perform calculations.
Describe the effect of pH on salt solubility.
Write equilibrium equations and formation constants for complex ions.
Describe the effect of complexing agents on salt solubility.
4. Use thermodynamics to study chemical systems.
Review the first law of thermodynamics, enthalpy, and enthalpy changes.
Identify spontaneous and nonspontaneous changes.
State the relationship among molecular disorder, entropy, and spontaneity.
State how the entropy of a system will be affected if a physical or chemical change
occurs in the system.
State the second law of thermodynamics.
Define Gibbs free energy, show how the change in Gibbs free energy is related to the
changes in enthalpy and entropy, and state the effect of temperature upon spontaneity.
State the third law of thermodynamics.
Calculate standard entropy and free energy changes for chemical reactions.
Discuss the relationship among work, free energy, and equilibrium.
Define bond energy.
5. Apply oxidation-reduction principles to the study of electrochemical systems and cells.
Review half-reactions and balancing oxidation-reduction reactions.
Define electrochemistry.
Distinguish galvanic versus electrolytic cells.
Carry out calculations relating the amount of electricity passing through an electrolytic
cell to the amount of reactant consumed or product formed in the cell.
Write an electrochemical reaction using standard cell notation.
Distinguish between active and passive electrodes.
Discuss standard reduction potentials and the standard hydrogen electrode.
Use standard reduction potentials to determine cell potentials and the spontaneous
direction of a redox reaction.
Relate cell potentials to free energy changes, equilibrium constants, and equilibrium
concentrations.
Use the Nernst equation to convert between standard cell potentials and potentials of
electrochemical cells under nonstandard conditions.
Discuss applications of galvanic and electrolytic cells.
6. Apply atomic theory to nuclear reactions.
Describe conservation of mass and energy.
Predict whether or not a nuclide is stable.
State symbols and properties of alpha and beta particles, positrons, and gamma rays.
Write balanced equations for nuclear decay.
Define transmutation and balance artificial transmutation reactions.
Describe measurement of radiation and radiation safety.
Discuss applications of radio-isotopic measurements.
Discuss fusion and fission.
7. Relate chemical principles to inorganic, organic, and biochemical compounds and reactions.
Define organic chemistry.
Describe the importance of carbon to organic and biochemistry.
Define and discuss polymerization.
Compare addition and condensation polymerization.
Describe the general properties of polymers
List and distinguish among the four basic families of biomolecules.
8. Safely assemble and operate routine chemistry laboratory apparatus, and obtain valid
qualitative and quantitative observations.
Demonstrate correct use of laboratory equipment, including balances, volumetric
glassware, spectrometers, and micropipettes.
Determine a molar mass.
Prepare and analyze a standard solution.
Determine the rate law of a reaction.
Determine the kinetics of a reaction.
Examine Le Chatelier’s principle.
Determine equilibrium constant.
Prepare buffers.
Analyze an antacid.
Determine the Ksp of a sparingly soluble salt.
Perform distillation of solutions.
Examine galvanic and electrolytic cells.
Examine Lewis acid and bases chemistry.
Prepare mixed solvents, and separate a sample via solid phase extraction.
9. Perform and analyze various laboratory activities related to chemistry.
Describe and apply safe laboratory practices.
Demonstrate graphical analysis of data.
Perform dilutions.
10. Document laboratory observations and data in a laboratory notebook in accordance with
accepted professional standards.
Keep a laboratory notebook.
Obtain data on the chemical and physical properties of substances using printed and
online resources.
Evaluation Criteria/Policies:
Students must demonstrate proficiency on all CCPOs at a minimal 75 percent level to
successfully complete the course. The grade will be determined using the DTCC grading
system:
92
83
75
0
–
–
–
–
100
91
82
74
=
=
=
=
A
B
C
F
Students should refer to the Student Handbook (https://www.dtcc.edu/academics/studenthandbook) for information on the Academic Standing Policy, the Academic Integrity Policy,
Student Rights and Responsibilities, and other policies relevant to their academic progress.
Core Curriculum Competencies (CCCs are the competencies every graduate will develop):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Communicate clearly and effectively both orally and in writing.
Demonstrate effective problem solving and reasoning skills.
Work effectively in groups of people from diverse backgrounds.
Demonstrate ethical and professional understanding and conduct.
Apply appropriate information literacy skills to locate, evaluate, and use information
effectively.
6. Use computer technology appropriate to the field.
7. Use scientific and mathematical reasoning appropriate to the technology.
Program Graduate Competencies (PGCs are the competencies every graduate will develop
specific to his or her major):
1.
2.
3.
4.
Apply knowledge of the theories and principles of chemistry.
Follow safety procedures.
Perform basic laboratory operations and techniques.
Keep a laboratory notebook following standard laboratory practices and present data in an
organized written format.
5. Prepare common laboratory solutions.
6. Prepare and purify samples using common techniques.
7. Communicate in a professional manner.
8. Analyze samples by common qualitative and quantitative techniques.
9. Use and maintain common laboratory instruments and equipment.
10. Apply mathematical concepts to the solution of scientific problems.