Sensitive Information
Sample Questions
1. Any formula, pattern, device or
compilation of information which is used in
one’s business and which gives him an
opportunity to gain an advantage over
competitors who do not know or use it is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A monopoly
An unfair trade practice
A trade secret
A patent
1. Any formula, pattern, device or
compilation of information which is used in
one’s business and which gives him an
opportunity to gain an advantage over
competitors who do not know or use it is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A monopoly
An unfair trade practice
A trade secret
A patent
2. Probably the main reason for loss of
sensitive information is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Inadvertent disclosure
Deliberately stolen by outsider
Industrial espionage
Deliberately stolen by insider
2. Probably the main reason for loss of
sensitive information is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Inadvertent disclosure
Deliberately stolen by outsider
Industrial espionage
Deliberately stolen by insider
3. The primary tool of pre-employment
screening is the:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Interview
Application form
The investigation
The investigator
3. The primary tool of pre-employment
screening is the:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Interview
Application form
The investigation
The investigator
4.
Competitive intelligence gathering is a
legitimate activity which is engaged in by many
firms throughout the world. The most important
function of competitive intelligence is to:
• a. Alert senior management to marketplace
changes in order to prevent surprise
• b. Alert senior management as to the personal
habits of competitive senior management
• c. Alert government intelligence agencies to
marketplace changes
• d. Alert senior management to changes in
protocol in foreign countries
4.
Competitive intelligence gathering is a
legitimate activity which is engaged in by many
firms throughout the world. The most important
function of competitive intelligence is to:
• a. Alert senior management to marketplace
changes in order to prevent surprise
• b. Alert senior management as to the personal
habits of competitive senior management
• c. Alert government intelligence agencies to
marketplace changes
• d. Alert senior management to changes in
protocol in foreign countries
5. The instrument used to monitor
telephone call by providing a record of all
numbers dialed from a particular phone is
called:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A wiretap
A bug
An electronic surveillance
A pen register
5. The instrument used to monitor
telephone call by providing a record of all
numbers dialed from a particular phone is
called:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A wiretap
A bug
An electronic surveillance
A pen register
6. A clandestine listening device,
generally a small hidden microphone and
radio transmitter is known as :
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A bug
A wiretap
A tempest
A beeper
6. A clandestine listening device,
generally a small hidden microphone and
radio transmitter is known as :
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A bug
A wiretap
A tempest
A beeper
7. A microphone with a large disk-like
attachment used for listening to audio from
great distances is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Contact microphone
Spike microphone
Parabolic microphone
Moving coil microphone
7. A microphone with a large disk-like
attachment used for listening to audio from
great distances is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Contact microphone
Spike microphone
Parabolic microphone
Moving coil microphone
8. Sound waves too high in frequency to
be heard by the human ear, generally above
20 KHZ are known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Microwaves
Ultrasonic
High frequency
Short-wave
8. Sound waves too high in frequency to
be heard by the human ear, generally above
20 KHZ are known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Microwaves
Ultrasonic
High frequency
Short-wave
9. Two methods of protection against
telephone line eavesdropping are
apparently reliable. The first method is
“don’t discuss sensitive information” and
the other is:
• a. To use a wire tap detector
• b. To use a radio jammer
• c. To use an audio jammer
• d. To use encryption equipment
9. Two methods of protection against
telephone line eavesdropping are
apparently reliable. The first method is
“don’t discuss sensitive information” and
the other is:
• a. To use a wire tap detector
• b. To use a radio jammer
• c. To use an audio jammer
• d. To use encryption equipment
10. The unauthorized acquisition of
sensitive information is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Industrial espionage
Embezzlement
Larceny
False pretenses
10. The unauthorized acquisition of
sensitive information is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Industrial espionage
Embezzlement
Larceny
False pretenses
11.
Proprietary information is:
• a. Information which must be so classified
under government order
• b. Private information of highly sensitive
character
• c. Defense data which must be classified
according to federal regulations
• d. Anything that an enterprise considers
relevant to its status or operations and
does not want to disclose publicly
11.
Proprietary information is:
• a. Information which must be so classified
under government order
• b. Private information of highly sensitive
character
• c. Defense data which must be classified
according to federal regulations
• d. Anything that an enterprise considers
relevant to its status or operations and
does not want to disclose publicly
12. A trade secret is:
• a. Any formula, pattern, device or compilation of
information which is used in one’s business and
which gives that business an opportunity to gain
an advantage over competitors who do not know
or use it
• b. All information about a company which the
company desires to protect
• c. Information of a company which is registered as
such with the Patent Office
• d. Information so designated by the government
12. A trade secret is:
• a. Any formula, pattern, device or compilation of
information which is used in one’s business and
which gives that business an opportunity to
gain an advantage over competitors who do not
know or use it
• b. All information about a company which the
company desires to protect
• c. Information of a company which is registered as
such with the Patent Office
• d. Information so designated by the government
13. The control software of a Private Board
Exchange (PBX) can be accessed and compromised
by calling the telephone number of a device on the
PBX from a computer and modem. The name of
this PBX device is the:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Time Domain Reflectometer
Remote Maintenance Access Terminal
Current Carrier Signaling Port
Internal and Remote Signal Port
13. The control software of a Private Board
Exchange (PBX) can be accessed and compromised
by calling the telephone number of a device on the
PBX from a computer and modem. The name of
this PBX device is the:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Time Domain Reflectometer
Remote Maintenance Access Terminal
Current Carrier Signaling Port
Internal and Remote Signal Port
14. Which of the following is generally
not true in regard to proprietary
information?
• a. Secret information does not have to be
specifically identifiable
• b. Secret information must be such that it
can be effectively protected
• c. The more narrowly a business defines what it
regards as secret, the easier it is to protect that
body of information
• d. It is difficult to protect as a trade secret that
which can be found in publicly accessible
sources
14. Which of the following is generally
not true in regard to proprietary
information?
• a. Secret information does not have to be
specifically identifiable
• b. Secret information must be such that it
can be effectively protected
• c. The more narrowly a business defines what it
regards as secret, the easier it is to protect that
body of information
• d. It is difficult to protect as a trade secret that
which can be found in publicly accessible
sources
15.
With respect to trade secrets, it may be decided
that its disclosure by another was innocent rather than
wrongful even in the case where the person making the
disclosure really was guilty of malice or wrong intent.
This situation may occur when:
• a. There is absence of evidence that an owner
has taken reasonable precautions to protect
confidential information
• b. The trade secret was not registered
• c. The trade secret did not involve national
defense information
• d. The trade secret was not in current use
15.
With respect to trade secrets, it may be decided
that its disclosure by another was innocent rather than
wrongful even in the case where the person making the
disclosure really was guilty of malice or wrong intent.
This situation may occur when:
• a. There is absence of evidence that an owner
has taken reasonable precautions to protect
confidential information
• b. The trade secret was not registered
• c. The trade secret did not involve national
defense information
• d. The trade secret was not in current use
16. The class of person under a duty to
safeguard a proprietary secret is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Agents
Principals
Fiduciaries
Business Associates
16. The class of person under a duty to
safeguard a proprietary secret is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Agents
Principals
Fiduciaries
Business Associates
17. Which of the following is not a correct
statement, or a general rule, involving the
protection of proprietary information?
• a.
• b.
• c.
• d.
By operation of common law employees are presumed to
be fiduciaries to the extent they may not disclose secrets of
their employers without authorization
As a class, employees are the largest group of persons
bound to secrecy because of their status or relationship
Other than employees, any other persons to be bound to
secrecy must agree to be so bound
Any agreements to be bound must always be in writing
and are not implied from acts
17. Which of the following is not a correct
statement, or a general rule, involving the
protection of proprietary information?
• a.
• b.
• c.
• d.
By operation of common law employees are presumed to
be fiduciaries to the extent they may not disclose secrets of
their employers without authorization
As a class, employees are the largest group of persons
bound to secrecy because of their status or relationship
Other than employees, any other persons to be bound to
secrecy must agree to be so bound
Any agreements to be bound must always be in writing
and are not implied from acts
18. Probably the chief reason for the loss of
information about sensitive operations is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Deliberately stolen by an outsider
Loss by fire or other disaster
Deliberately stolen by insider
Lost through inadvertent disclosure
18. Probably the chief reason for the loss of
information about sensitive operations is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Deliberately stolen by an outsider
Loss by fire or other disaster
Deliberately stolen by insider
Lost through inadvertent disclosure
19. The term “eavesdropping” refers to:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Wiretapping only
“Bugging” only
Both wiretapping and “bugging”
Mail covers
19. The term “eavesdropping” refers to:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Wiretapping only
“Bugging” only
Both wiretapping and “bugging”
Mail covers
20. A microphone which has the characteristics
of requiring no power source to operate it, is quite
small, relatively difficult to detect, and is offered
by equipment suppliers in such items as cuff links
and hearing aides is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Carbon microphone
Dynamic microphone
Contact microphone
Parabolic microphone
20. A microphone which has the characteristics
of requiring no power source to operate it, is quite
small, relatively difficult to detect, and is offered
by equipment suppliers in such items as cuff links
and hearing aides is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Carbon microphone
Dynamic microphone
Contact microphone
Parabolic microphone
21. A microphone which is normally
installed on a common wall adjoining a
target area when it is impractical or
impossible to enter the area to make a
microphone installation is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Carbon microphone
Dynamic microphone
Contact microphone
Parabolic microphone
21. A microphone which is normally
installed on a common wall adjoining a
target area when it is impractical or
impossible to enter the area to make a
microphone installation is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Carbon microphone
Dynamic microphone
Contact microphone
Parabolic microphone
22. Which of the following is not true with
regard to electronic eavesdropping:
• a.
• b.
• c.
A listening device installed in a wire will cause a
crackling sound, click or other noise than can be heard
on the line
An effective countermeasures survey to detect evidence
of electronic eavesdropping in telephone equipment
must be conducted by a person technically familiar with
such equipment
All wiring should be traced out and accounted for in a
countermeasures survey
• d. In a countermeasures survey to detect electronic
eavesdropping. A physical search should be
utilized as well as an electronic search
22. Which of the following is not true with
regard to electronic eavesdropping:
• a.
• b.
• c.
A listening device installed in a wire will cause a
crackling sound, click or other noise than can be
heard on the line
An effective countermeasures survey to detect evidence
of electronic eavesdropping in telephone equipment
must be conducted by a person technically familiar with
such equipment
All wiring should be traced out and accounted for in a
countermeasures survey
• d. In a countermeasures survey to detect electronic
eavesdropping. A physical search should be
utilized as well as an electronic search
23. In designing a proprietary information
protection program, the area of greatest
vulnerability is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Personnel files
Marketing data
Employees
Computers
23. In designing a proprietary information
protection program, the area of greatest
vulnerability is:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Personnel files
Marketing data
Employees
Computers
24. Two of the three most common methods
of information losses are inadvertent
disclosure and industrial espionage. Which of
the following is the third:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Newspaper articles
Television
Magazine articles
Theft by an insider
24. Two of the three most common methods of
information losses are inadvertent disclosure and
industrial espionage. Which of the following is
the third:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Newspaper articles
Television
Magazine articles
Theft by an insider
25. Which of the following statements is
incorrect with regard to an information
security program?
• a.
• b.
• c.
• d.
A good information security program will provide
absolute protection against an enemy spy
The information security program is an attempt to
make theft of sensitive information difficult, not
necessarily eliminate it
A trust relationship must be established and
maintained with employees
The good will and compliance of employees is crucial
for success
25. Which of the following statements is
incorrect with regard to an information
security program?
• a.
• b.
• c.
• d.
A good information security program will provide
absolute protection against an enemy spy
The information security program is an attempt to
make theft of sensitive information difficult, not
necessarily eliminate it
A trust relationship must be established and
maintained with employees
The good will and compliance of employees is crucial
for success
26. Vital records normally constitute the
following percentage of the company’s total
records:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
2%
5%
10%
15%
26. Vital records normally constitute the
following percentage of the company’s total
records:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
2%
5%
10%
15%
27. A specially constructed microphone
attached directly to an object or surface to
be protected and which responds only when
the protected object or surface is disturbed
is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Parabolic microphone
Special audio microphone
Contact microphone
Surreptitious microphone
27. A specially constructed microphone
attached directly to an object or surface to
be protected and which responds only when
the protected object or surface is disturbed
is known as:
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
Parabolic microphone
Special audio microphone
Contact microphone
Surreptitious microphone
28. “Social engineering” is:
• a. The conversation involved in the beginning of a
romantic relationship
• b. A function of the personnel department in which
like persons are teamed together in workshops or
seminars for maximum productivity
• c. The subtle elicitation of information without
revealing the true purpose of the call
• d. The specific design of a business structure to
facilitate the interaction of the inhabitants
28. “Social engineering” is:
• a. The conversation involved in the beginning of a
romantic relationship
• b. A function of the personnel department in which
like persons are teamed together in workshops or
seminars for maximum productivity
• c. The subtle elicitation of information without
revealing the true purpose of the call
• d. The specific design of a business structure to
facilitate the interaction of the inhabitants
29.
A former employee, who had access to your trade
secret information, is now employed by a competitor and is
apparently using the trade secret information to gain market
share. There are several serious factors you should consider
before you institute litigation in the matter. Which of the
following is not a serious factor to be considered?
• a. You may have to expose the very secrets you are
attempting to protect
• b. The cost of the litigation may exceed the value of the
secret information
• c. You may lose your case
• d. Other employees may leave the company and attempt
to use trade secret information in the business of a
new employer
29.
A former employee, who had access to your trade
secret information, is now employed by a competitor and is
apparently using the trade secret information to gain market
share. There are several serious factors you should consider
before you institute litigation in the matter. Which of the
following is not a serious factor to be considered?
• a. You may have to expose the very secrets you are
attempting to protect
• b. The cost of the litigation may exceed the value of the
secret information
• c. You may lose your case
• d. Other employees may leave the company and attempt
to use trade secret information in the business of a
new employer
30. Electromagnetic radiation is
detectable electromagnetic energy is
generated by electronic information
processing devices. Which of the following
is used to protect very sensitive equipment?
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A current carrier device
Pneumatic cavity shielding
Tempest shielding
Pen register shielding
30. Electromagnetic radiation is
detectable electromagnetic energy is
generated by electronic information
processing devices. Which of the following
is used to protect very sensitive equipment?
•
•
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
A current carrier device
Pneumatic cavity shielding
Tempest shielding
Pen register shielding
Significant Notes
Sensitive Information
The basis for any industrial
espionage prevention program is
protection of information
There are many kinds of
information which a company
would like to keep in a
confidential status but not all
such information could be
classified as “trade secrets”
One definition of “trade secret” is “information including
formula, pattern, compilation, program, device, method,
technique or process that;
a.
Derives independent economic value, actual or
potential, from not being generally known to and
not being readily ascertainable by proper means,
by other persons who can obtain economic value
from its disclosure or use, and
b.
Is the subject of efforts that are reasonable
under the circumstances to maintain its secrecy.
“Proprietary information” is
information of value owned by or
entrusted to a company which
relates to the operations of the
company and which has not been
disclosed publicly
A “trade secret” is part of a
company’s proprietary information
but not all propriety information
necessarily fits the definition of
“trade secret” information
Generally “trade secrets” are given a
higher degree of legal protection
than other proprietary information
There are three basic requirements
of a “trade secret”
a.
b.
c.
Must be of competitive advantage
Must be secret
Must be used in the business of
the owner
Information must meet the following requirements to fit
the definition required of a “trade secret”
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Must be specifically identifiable
Cannot be found in publicly accessible sources
Should be disclosed by owner only to those under a
duty to protect secrecy
Persons afforded knowledge of secret information
must know it to be confidential
The owners must be able to show they have
instituted adequate protective measures to
safeguard secrecy of date
Unless the owner of a trade secret
can furnish proof of diligent care
in the protection of a trade secret,
such trade secret may be lost
Patent laws provide that an inventor
who first develops a new machine,
manufacturing process, composition
or matter, plan or design that is
sufficiently novel and useful can
apply for and receive an exclusive
right to that invention for a period of
17 years
“Inadvertent disclosure”
probably is the chief reason for
loss of information about
sensitive operations
One method important in
protection of sensitive
information is installing an
effective “awareness program” to
assure all employees are aware of
the existence of sensitive data in
the company and their
responsibilities in protecting such
Another important protective
device is the use of “nondisclosure
agreements”(employee patent and
secrecy agreements) from employees
in which the employees
acknowledge their fiduciary
responsibility
A “non-competitive agreement” is
agreement on part of employee upon
leaving employment of one company
that the employee will not accept
employment with a defined
competitor for a stated period of
time
A telephone instrument may
also be utilized as a listening
device
In an electronic countermeasure
survey, note that light switches
and electrical outlets are favorite
places to install listening devices
Most loss of proprietary information
occurs because of negligence
One very important protective
measure used to safeguard
sensitive data is to disclose such
only in a need-to-know basis
Theft of sensitive information through
industrial espionage methods or other
methods of outside theft accounts for a
smaller loss than through negligence;
however, the loss through outside theft
is more dangerous because the data
stolen is usually the most valuable
One of the biggest problems in
designing a proprietary information
protection program is caused by the
large amount of vital data processed
and analyzed electronically
Employees are the greatest vulnerability
in a proprietary information protection
program. Accordingly, an employee
awareness program is necessary
whereby they are educated with regard
to their responsibilities in protecting
sensitive data.
Definitions
• Proprietary Information
– Information over which the possessor
asserts ownership and which is related
to the activities or status of the
possessor in some special way
Definitions
• Patent
– A government grant conveying and
securing the exclusive right to make,
use, and sell an invention for a term
of years (seventeen)
Trade Secret
• A trade Secret is a process or device for
continuous use in the operation of the
business
• For trade secret protection, must prove
– Secrecy
– Value
– Use in the owner’s business
Trade Secret
• Trade Secret information is
entitled by law to more
protection than other kinds of
proprietary information
Trade Secret
• The following are not trade secrets:
– Salary information
– Rank surveys
– Customer usage evaluation
– Profitability margins
– Unit costs
– Personnel changes
Trade Secret / Patent
• A trade secret remains secret as
long as it continues to meet trade
secret tests but the exclusive right
to patent protection expires after
17 years
Trade Secret / Patent
• Since anyone can purchase a
patent, there are not industrial
espionage targets in a patented
invention
• Trade Secrets are targets
Proprietary Information
• Two approaches used to deal with P.I.:
• “Property Concept”
– regards the information as having independent
value if it amounts to a trade secret
• “Fiduciaries”
– Imposition of duties upon certain classes of
people, other than the owner not to use or
divulge info without owner’s consent.
Proprietary Information
• There are 3 broad threats to proprietary
information:
– It can be lost through inadvertent disclosure
– It can be deliberately stolen by an outsider
– It can be deliberately stolen by an insider
Competitive Intelligence Gathering
• The most important function of
competitive intelligence gathering is to
alert senior management to
marketplace changes in order to
prevent surprise
Competitive Intelligence Gathering
• A rich source of information is in
the information provided to
government regulators
• Never reveal information to anyone that
you would not reveal to a competitor
Industrial Espionage
• Industrial espionage is the theft of
information by legal or illegal means. It
is more dangerous than inadvertent
disclosure by employees in that highly
valuable information is stolen for release
to others who plan to exploit it.
Protection Programs
• The vulnerability assessment is conducted from
the perspective of the competitor and considers:
– What critical information exists
– The period of time when the information is
critical. This may be a short period or may be
for the life of a product
– The identity of employees and indirect
associates who have access to the information
Eavesdropping Tactics & Equipment
• “Wiretapping” - is the interception of
communication over a wire w/o participants
consent and requires physical entry into the
communication circuit
• “Bugging” - interception of communication
w/o participants consent by means of
electronic devices and w/o penetration of a
wire.
Eavesdropping Tactics & Equipment
• Eavesdropping is a psychological
traumatic experience for the
victim.
• It is the most devastating of
espionage techniques.
Wired microphones
• Carbon microphone
– commonly used in a standard telephone handset
• Crystal microphone
– generates a small electrical current when the
crystal is vibrated by sound waves
• Contact microphone
– installed on a common wall with the target area
Wired microphones
• Spike microphone
– installed in a hole in the common wall
(not fully through)
• Dynamic microphone
– movement of a small wire near a permanent
magnet converts sound into electrical energy.
Good eavesdropping device which operates as a
loudspeaker in reverse
Wired microphones
• Pneumatic cavity device
– has a specially designed small cavity which picks
up surface vibrations. (Glass tumbler effect)
• Condenser microphone
– high fidelity use. Fragile and sensitive
• Electret microphone
– used primarily in P.A. and audio recording.
(Extremely small)
Wired microphones
• Omnidirectional microphone
– used in conferences. Picks up sound from many
directions around the room
• Cardioid microphone
– picks up sound from directly in front of mic
• Parabolic microphone
– gathers audio energy and directs it to a
conventional microphone in the center of a dishtype reflector
Wireless microphones
• A radio frequency (RF) device. Consists of:
– A microphone
– A transmitter
– A power supply
– An antenna; and,
– A receiver
Light transformation
• 1. Infrared light wave transmissions use
light waves invisible to the human eye.
Sound waves are converted to electronic
impulses and the pulses are used to
modulate infrared light waves. Similar to a
TV remote
Light transformation
• 2. Laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated
Emission of Radiation) transmission of sound
does not require any equipment in the
surveillance area. A laser beam focused on a
window pane or a reflective object in the
room. The vibrating glass modulates a
reflected laser beam. Rarely used due to
interference.
Light transformation
• 3. Fiber optic laser transmission uses a
communications grade glass fiber, filled with
laser light, routed through the surveillance
area. Sound waves cause the fiber to vibrate
slightly, altering the laser light.
Electromagnetic radiation
• Detectable electromagnetic energy is
generated by electronic information
processing devices. Detection is possible
for several hundred feet. The “faraday
cage” or “tempest shielding” is used for
very sensitive equipment.
Telephone eavesdropping
• Digital systems - originally thought to
be secure:
• Digit stream can be recorded and converted
to analog and speech.
• The control system is available from an onsite terminal or from off-site through the
network. (Remote Maintenance Access
Terminal) (RMAT)
The Eavesdropping Threat
• Risk for the electronic eavesdropper is low:
–
–
–
–
–
electronic eavesdropping is easily committed
chances are low that victim will find the device
chances low, if found, can be tied to eavesdropper
prosecution of eavesdropping cases is rare; and,
the reward far outweighs the risk
Miscellaneous
• Plenum
– space above a dropped ceiling
• Variable Path Encryption (VPE)
• is particularly useful to secure cellular signals. A
call is made to a toll-free number of the VPE
provider. A unit attached to the cellular set and a unit
at the VPE provider alter the communication
between them. The signal is sent in the clear from
the VPE provider to the intended destination of
the call
Miscellaneous
• Time domain reflectometry
– an electronic picture of the telephone
line at a given time which is compared
to the same line at a future time
Miscellaneous
• Audio masking
– generation of noise at the perimeter
of the secure area to cover or mask
conversation. Music is not used;
“white” or “pink” noise is not as easily
filtered from the tape