Modern Music
• Things to Get:
– Learning and Listening Guide
– Human Spirit Textbook
– Notebook paper (1)
• Things to Do:
– Opener:
• Art and Music
– Class work:
• Modern Composers, Musicians, and their work
• Music in Art
• Complete Self-Portrait Project – 100 points!
Review of Modern Art
Identify the artist, style, and title of the works below.
Modern Music – Early 20th Century
(page 214!)
Modern Music – Early 20th Century
• Radio – greater exposure
• new media/technologies developed to record, capture,
and distribute music
• Music no longer limited to concerts and clubs
• exposure to a wider range of music - concept of World
Music developed
• new freedom/experimentation with musical
styles/forms
• challenged accepted musical rules
• Incorporation of Eastern, Middle-Eastern, Latin and
Western styles
• Transportation innovations allowed musicians and fans
to travel further/quicker
The Evolution of Modern Music
• Gershwin combined classical and jazz styles
• Increase in use of dissonance for more educated
audience – had to be trained in music to
understand/enjoy – alienated audience
• Later a greater connection with audience was
emphasized
• Aaron Copland collected and used folk themes
and simplified music to met demand/desires of
public
Jazz Music Overview
• Early 20th Century (1900’s); original American art
form
• Essential Forms:
– Blue notes
• is a note sung or played at a slightly lower pitch than
that of the major scale for expressive purposes
– Syncopation
– Improvisation
– Polyrhythms
• simultaneous sounding of two or more independent
rhythms – originated in African drum circles
– Swung Notes
• performance practice, mainly in jazz-influenced music, in
which some notes with equal written time values are
performed with unequal durations, usually as alternating
long and short
• African American Communities
– African and European Influences
Reading: The Age of Jazz
Answer on page 215
Get The Adventures of Human Spirit book from the back of the front shelf and turn
to pgs. 412-413.
Answer the following questions in the space provided:
1) What is jazz?
2) What was the name of a composer who adapted jazz melodies and rhythms for
concert music?
3) How do musicians use improvisation?
4) How was Armstrong able to mimic jazz singers?
5) What type of singing style did Armstrong invent? Describe this style.
6) When did jazz music become enjoyed by white audiences? (need style name)
7) What mood did Ellington’s music convey?
8) What is “be-bop”?
9) Charlie Parker’s improvisations only kept what of the original tune?
10) Jazz gave rise to what two popular forms of music?
11) The answers mentioned above are the basis of what type of music?
Louis Armstrong
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1901-1971
American jazz trumpeter/singer
shifted focus from collective improvisation to solo improvisation
best known as a vocalist toward end of career
born into a very poor family in New Orleans
grandson of slaves
Influenced by Creole music
Listening Examples: What are the differences between 1 and 2?
– When the Saints Go Marching (version 1)
– When the Saints Go Marching (version 2)
– What a Wonderful World
• Viewing Example:
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dC3VTBG0tRc
Dizzy Gillespie
• “By and large, jazz (music) has always been
like the kinda of man you wouldn’t want your
daughter to associate with.”
Duke Ellington
Duke Ellington
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1899-1974
American composer, pianist, and band leader
One of the most influential figures in jazz
Called his style "American Music" rather than jazz
Often composed specifically for the style and skills of
individuals in the band, such as "Concerto for Cootie“
for Cootie Williams
• One of the best-known African-American celebrities of
20th century
• Toured the United States and Europe regularly before
and after World War II
• Listening Examples:
– In a Sentimental Mood
– Concerto for Cootie
What happens when jazz merges with
classical music?
• While watching the following clip entitled, “Rhapsody in
Blue” answer the questions on the sheet provided.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzLgp2L700o and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ko-lkFo6bx8
George Gershwin
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1898-1937
American composer
Died of brain tumor
wrote vocal/theatrical works in collaboration with
brother, Ira.
• Wrote songs in the popular style, classical style and
also for Broadway musicals
• compositions used in t.v., film, and covered by many
jazz musicians
George Gershwin
• Listening Examples:
–Rhapsody in Blue
–Porgy and Bess – Summertime 1,2
• Longest work
• Opera
• deals with the lives of poor blacks
South Carolina
What happens when Jazz and Rap merge?
You get JAZZ RAP!
• Jazz Rap:
– attempt to fuse African-American music old and new
– Hip hop rhythms combined with cool jazz, soul-jazz, and hard bop
– Topics included:
• Afrocentric political consciousness
• Historical awareness
• Positive alternative to the hardcore/gangsta movement
• Major artist:
– Afrika Bambaataa's Native Tongues posse
• Examples:
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMrKGkKdKYU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMG-FQiJzec
Can you be Ellington,
Armstrong, and Gershwin?
• Objective:
– To demonstrate your knowledge of the
essential components of jazz in a familiar style
– To create a Jazz Rap
• Assignment:
– In a group of three, you must create your own
Jazz Rap while taking the following into
consideration:
• Given a jazz instrumental
• Create an accompanying hip hop beat
• You must incorporate the following characteristics
of Jazz music: scatting, vocals, and improvisation
• Song Length:
– You must have an intro, a verse, and a chorus
that doesn’t repeat
• Time Allotted:
– 25 min creation time
• Performance Date:
– Next class
Jazz Instrumental Possibilities
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Atnflx2ycfU
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbyUlw9sIAg
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADTJOZzz0ME&feature=fvst
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20nfmEBmeHI&feature=fvst
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukL3TDV6XRg
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQYXn1DP38s&feature=list_relat
ed&playnext=1&list=AL94UKMTqg-9CGnM5wmLUraz0Voz9gK9tL
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KxibMBV3nFo&feature=fvwrel
1) Name the artist and title of the song played:
1) Song One
2) Song Two
3) Song Three
Exit Slip
2) What was the story line of Gershwin’s opera entitled Porgy and Bess?
a. It was an opera where a man and a woman start a life on the American frontier.
b. It was an opera based on the story of a Firebird and her love of a prince.
c. It was an opera about poor blacks from South Carolina.
d. It was an opera that showed a poor immigrant family coming to America.
3) Jazz music is a mix of what two cultural influences?
a. African and European
b. Middle Eastern and Eastern European
c. Latin and Western
d. African and Latin
4) What famous composer wrote pieces specifically for the style and skills of individuals in the
band?
a. Duke Ellington
b. Aaron Copland
c. Louis Armstrong
d. George Gershwin
5) What jazz musician is famous for his “scatting” (where he made his voice sound like an
instrument) abilities that he illustrated through the use of improvisation?
a. Duke Ellington
b. Aaron Copland
c. Louis Armstrong
d. George Gershwin