CHAPTER 3
Week 1
Homework for the Week
• Monday 9/16
• Ch 3 90-95
• Dream Journal
• Tuesday 9/17
• Ch 3 96-102
• Dream Journal
• Bring in Sleep Tracker on Block Day
• Block Day 9/18 & 9/19
• Ch 3 103-109
• Study Vocab
• Dream Journal- bring to class on Friday
• Friday 9/20
• Ch 3 117-123
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
Monday 9/16
• Unit Introduction
• Homework Review, pgs 84-89
• Dream Journal Analysis (if time)
• Monday 9/16
• Ch 3 90-95
• Dream Journal
• Tuesday 9/17
• Ch 3 96-102
• Dream Journal
• Bring in Sleep Tracker on Block
Day
• Block Day 9/18 & 9/19
• Ch 3 103-109
• Study Vocab
• Dream Journal- bring to class on
Friday
• Friday 9/20
• Ch 3 117-123
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
Unit Overview
• Essential Questions:
• How do psychologists define
consciousness?
• What happens during the
sleep cycle?
• What roles do REM and
NREM sleep play in
behavior?
• How does lack of sleep
affect behavior?
• How do psychoactive drugs
affect behavior?
• How do we know whether
hypnosis is a real
psychological phenomenon?
• Objectives
• Define consciousness.
• Describe the different stages
of sleep.
• Analyze the different
theories of dreaming.
• Determine the common
sleep disorders and their
consequences.
• Differentiate between the
different theories of
hypnosis.
• Analyze why psychologists
are suspicious of
hypnotically enhanced
memories.
• Describe psychoactive drugs
and their effects.
• Differentiate among the
different types of
psychoactive drugs and their
effects.
Homework Review, pgs 84-89
• What is consciousness?
• Describe the field of cognitive neuroscience
• What is dual processing?
• “I back away from conscious thought and turn the problem
over to my unconscious mind. It will scan a broader array
of patterns and find some new close fits from other
information stored in my brain.” –Arthur Fry, Co-creator of
the Post-it note
Forms of Consciousness
Consciousness, modern psychologists believe, is an
awareness of ourselves and our environment.
Graph your alertness
wThink of your consciousness/alertness level
on during a typical weekday. Make a graph
with wake-up to sleep on the x-axis, and
alertness on the y-axis.
DUAL PROCESSING: WHAT IS
THE NAME OF THE MOVIE IN
THE FOLLOWING PICTURE?
Discussion
• Conscious Processing: What is the name of the movie in
the following picture?
• Unconscious Processing: Write down the answers to as
many of the following questions as you can?
• Name the two actors
• What is the movie plot?
• What two things were located in the center of the cover on the
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DVD?
What was the sequel to the movie called?
What are the actors doing with their eyebrows?
What color hair do both of the actors have?
What did it say at the top of the DVD?
Why is this movie socially significant?
Hollow Face
• Why does our mind look for faces?
• Example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rc6LRxjqzkA
Dream Journal Analysis: Dreams as
Problem Fixers
• With your neighbors, discuss your dream journal entries,
keeping in mind the following information:
• Were there any common threads, common ideas, running through
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the journal?
Are your dreams bizarre? Mundane?
Which dreams are most disturbing? Why? What do they mean to
you?
What common symbols or objects did you record? What do you
think these symbols mean?
Were you able to control your dreams as you remembered more
and more of them?
How are your dreams relevant to your waking life?
Was the content of both journals identical on any days? What does
this tell you?
What seems to be the main function of your dreams?
Tuesday 9/17
• Selective Attention
• Dream Analysis
• Monday 9/16
• Ch 3 90-95
• Dream Journal
• Tuesday 9/17
• Ch 3 96-102
• Dream Journal
• Bring in Sleep Tracker on Block
Day
• Block Day 9/18 & 9/19
• Ch 3 103-109
• Study Vocab
• Dream Journal- bring to class on
Friday
• Friday 9/20
• Ch 3 117-123
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
Selective Attention: Write down your
response to the following questions
• Who came into our class yesterday?
• What was he/she wearing?
• What did he/she do?
• What psychological idea does this best demonstrate?
Cocktail Party Effect
• We will move around the room forming groups, in those
groups I will give you a topic to discuss. Once in awhile, I
will give you a name of someone in another group and
someone will say his/her name out loud and see if that
individual notices.
• Group 1: Same birthday month
• Discussion Topic: Favorite thing to do on your birthday
• Group 2: Same favorite color
• Discussion Topic: If you only had one day to live, what would you
do with your time?
• Group 3: Same grade school
• Discussion Topic: Favorite thing that you did in grade school
The Pop-Out Phenomenon
• Find the Red Dot
The Pop-Out Phenomenon
Distraction Discussion
• Move the desks into groups of 6
• Are you “guilty” of any of the examples from this clip?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OINa46HeWg8
• What is happening to our ability to focus our attention?
• What are the pros and cons of the smartphone generation?
• Are special moments actually passing us by when we capture them with our phones?
• In a study of 1,600 managers and professionals, Leslie Perlow, PhD, the Konosuke
Matsushita professor of leadership at the Harvard Business School, found that:
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70% said they check their smartphone within an hour of getting up.
56% check their phone within an hour of going to sleep.
48% check over the weekend, including on Friday and Saturday nights.
51% check continuously during vacation.
44% said they would experience "a great deal of anxiety" if they lost their phone and couldn't replace it for
a week.
• "The amount of time that people are spending with the new technology, the apparent preoccupation, raises
the question 'why?'" says Peter DeLisi, academic dean of the information technology leadership program
at Santa Clara University in California. "When you start seeing that people have to text when they're
driving, even though they clearly know that they're endangering their lives and the lives of others, we really
have to ask what is so compelling about this new medium?“
• Do you agree or disagree with the quote?
Dream Journal Analysis: Dreams as
Leftover Remnants from Your Day
• With your neighbors, discuss your dream journal entries,
keeping in mind the following information:
• Were there any common threads, common ideas, running through
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the journal?
Are your dreams bizarre? Mundane?
Which dreams are most disturbing? Why? What do they mean to
you?
What common symbols or objects did you record? What do you
think these symbols mean?
Were you able to control your dreams as you remembered more
and more of them?
How are your dreams relevant to your waking life?
Was the content of both journals identical on any days? What does
this tell you?
What seems to be the main function of your dreams?
Block Day 9/18 & 9/19
• Sleep
• Modern Sleep Research
• Dream Analysis
• Monday 9/16
• Ch 3 90-95
• Dream Journal
• Tuesday 9/17
• Ch 3 96-102
• Dream Journal
• Bring in Sleep Tracker on Block
Day
• Block Day 9/18 & 9/19
• Ch 3 103-109
• Study Vocab
• Dream Journal- bring to class on
Friday
• Friday 9/20
• Ch 3 117-123
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
Levels of Consciousness
Consciousness - An organism’s or individual’s
awareness of, or possibility of knowing what is happening
inside or outside itself
Subconscious - Consciousness just below the level of
awareness. It contains thoughts and ideas just out of our
awareness.
Unconscious - A deeper level of awareness is the
unconscious. It contains thoughts and desires about which we
have no true or direct knowledge.
Biological Clocks
Biological clocks are
internal units that
control parts of the body
and which are regulated
by nature. They operate
on free-running cycles
(under their own
control).
Through entrainment, some cycles can be modified
to fit a different rhythm (sleep-wake cycle).
Sleep and Dreams
§Sleep
§ periodic, natural,
reversible loss of
consciousness
Functions of Sleep
• Restoration theory —body wears out during the day and
sleep is necessary to put it back in shape
• Adaptive theory— sleep emerged in evolution to preserve
energy and protect during the time of day when there is
little value and considerable danger
Sleep Deprivation
§ Effects of Sleep Loss
§ fatigue
§ impaired concentration
§ depressed immune system
§ greater vulnerability to
accidents
• Has little effect on
performance of tasks
requiring physical
skill or intellectual
judgment
• Hurts performance on
simple, boring tasks more
than challenging ones
Individual Differences
in Sleep Drive
• Some individuals need more and some
less than the typical 8 hours per night
• Nonsomniacs—sleep far less than most,
but do not feel tired during the day
• Insomniacs—has a normal desire for
sleep, but is unable to and feels tired
during the day
Sleep Disorders
§ Insomnia
§ persistent problems in falling or staying asleep
§ Narcolepsy
§ uncontrollable sleep attacks
§ Sleep Apnea
§ temporary cessation of breathing
§ momentary reawakenings
Sleep Disorders
• REM sleep disorder— sleeper acts out his or her
dreams
• Night terrors— sudden arousal from sleep and
intense fear accompanied by physiological reactions
(e.g., rapid heart rate, perspiration) that occur during
slow-wave sleep
• Nightmares– a vivid dream depicting frightening
disturbing, anxiety-provoking events.
Sleep Disorders
Nightmares
Night Terrors
1. Occurs during REM sleep,
usually during the second half of
the night.
1. Occurs during NREM sleep,
usually during the first hour of the
night.
2. Mild physiological changes
2. Drastic bodily changes:
breathing & heart rate rise
dramatically.
3. Associated with vivid images
3. Associated with panic
4. Most likely to occur during REM 4. Most likely to occur in children
rebound.
Brain Waves and Sleep Stages
§ Beta Waves
§ Wide awake waves
§ Alpha Waves
§ slow waves of a relaxed,
awake brain
§ Delta Waves
§ large, slow waves of deep
sleep
§ Hallucinations
§ false sensory experiences
§ Sleep Spindles
§ Begin during stage 2 sleep
and increase through the
cycle
Sleep and Dreams
REM SLEEP
NREM SLEEP
1. Rapid eye movement
1. Non-rapid eye movement
2. Increases in length as
night’s sleep progresses.
2.Decreases in length as night’s
sleep progresses.
3. Vivid dreams
3. Vague, partial images and stories
4. Nightmares
4. Incubus attacks (night terrors)
5. Paralyzed body
5. Sleepwalking & talking in sleep
6. Essential part of sleep
6. Less essential part of sleep
The Nature of Sleep and Dreams
Stages in a Typical Night’s Sleep
Awake
Sleep
stages
1
2
3
REM
4
0
1
2
3
4
Hours of sleep
5
6
7
Sleep Log Analysis
• Analyze your sleep log
for:
• Trends?
• Problems?
• Compare/contrast with
your neighbors
• Do you wake up in the
middle of the night?
• Does the average
sleep cycle appear to
work for you?
Modern Sleep Research
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LWULB9Aoopc
Dream Journal Analysis: Dreams as
Unconscious Desires
• With your neighbors, discuss your dream journal entries,
keeping in mind the following information:
• Were there any common threads, common ideas, running through
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
the journal?
Are your dreams bizarre? Mundane?
Which dreams are most disturbing? Why? What do they mean to
you?
What common symbols or objects did you record? What do you
think these symbols mean?
Were you able to control your dreams as you remembered more
and more of them?
How are your dreams relevant to your waking life?
Was the content of both journals identical on any days? What does
this tell you?
What seems to be the main function of your dreams?
Friday 9/20
• Vocab Quiz
• Introduce Addiction Project
• Dreams Overview & Analysis
• Monday 9/16
• Ch 3 90-95
• Dream Journal
• Tuesday 9/17
• Ch 3 96-102
• Dream Journal
• Bring in Sleep Tracker on Block
Day
• Block Day 9/18 & 9/19
• Ch 3 103-109
• Study Vocab
• Dream Journal- bring to class on
Friday
• Friday 9/20
• Ch 3 117-123
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
Dreams Overview & Analysis
• Form groups of 4 with your desks
• Take out your dream journals and your notes from last
night and use them to respond to the following questions:
• According to the textbook, what are the most common themes of
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dreams? Do these themes show up in your dream journal?
How does our two-track mind incorporate our environment into our
dreams? Has this ever happened to you?
Dream Theory #1: To satisfy our own wishes- does this appear in
your journal?
Dream Theory #2: To file away memories- does this appear in your
journal?
Dream Theory #3: To reflect cognitive development- does this
appear in your journal?