D170 W15
The Appendicular Skeleton
Williams
What are the major parts of the appendicular skeleton?
What four bones make up the pectoral girdle? Which of these bones
attach to the axial skeleton?
Why is there great mobility in the pectoral girdle?
Describe the clavicles and their location, noting the acromial end and
sternal end. What are the functions of the clavicles?
Describe the scapulae (shoulder blades) and their location, noting the following features. What is the
function of the scapulae?
Glenoid cavity –
Inferior angle –
Coracoid process –
Spine –
Acromion –
Describe the structure and location of the humerus, including what bones it articulates with. Note the
following structures.
Head –
Greater tubercle –
Lesser tubercle –
Intertubercular sulcus –
Deltoid tuberosity –
Trochlea –
Capitulum –
Olecranon fossa –
What two bones make up the forearm? How are they connected to one another along their length? How
are they arranged in the anatomical position? When the palms are facing posteriorly?
Describe the structure and location of the ulna, including what bones it articulates with. Note the
following structures and their functions.
Olecranon process –
Coronoid process –
Ulnar head –
Ulnar styloid process –
Describe the structure and location of the radius, including what bones it articulates with. Note the
following structures and their functions.
Radial head –
Radial tuberosity –
Radial styloid process –
Describe the bones of the wrist (the carpals). What is a mnemonic device that may help you to remember
the bones and their locations?
Scaphoid –
Lunate –
Triquetrum –
Pisiform –
Trapezium –
Trapezoid –
Capitate –
Hamate –
What are the metacarpals? How are they named? What do they articulate with?
What are the phalanges? How are they named? What subunits are they made of?
What is the function of the pelvic girdle? How does it attach to the axial skeleton? What bones make up
the pelvic girdle?
What are the three regions of the coxa (hip bones)? What is the acetabulum?
Describe the structure and location of the ilium and what bones it articulates with. Note the following
structures and their functions.
Iliac crest –
Anterior superior iliac spine –
Posterior superior iliac spine –
Greater sciatic notch -
Describe the structure and location of the ischium and what bones it articulates with. Note the following
structures and their functions.
Ischial spine –
Ischial tuberosity –
Describe the structure and location of the pubis and what bones it articulates with. Note the following
structures and their functions.
Superior ramus –
Inferior ramus –
Pubic tubercle –
Obturator foramen –
Pubic symphysis –
What is the difference between the true pelvis and the false pelvis? What organs are housed in each one?
What are the main differences between the male and female pelvis?
What are the three segments of the lower limb?
Describe the structures and location of the femur and what bones it articulates with. Note the following
structures and their functions.
Head –
Greater trochanter –
Lesser trochanter –
Lateral condyle –
Medial condyle –
Patellar surface –
What is the patella? What type of bone is it and where is it found? What is its function?
What two bones make up the anatomical leg? What are their locations relative to each other? What
connects them along their lengths?
Describe the structures and location of the tibia and what bones it articulates with. Note the following
structures and their functions.
Medial condyle –
Lateral condyle –
Tibial tuberosity –
Medial malleolus –
Describe the structures and location of the fibula and what bones it articulates with. Note the following
structures and their functions.
Head –
Lateral malleolus –
Describe the structures and location of the tarsus and what bones it articulates with. Note the following
structures and their functions.
Talus –
Trochlea of the talus –
Calcaneus –
Calcaneal tuberosity –
What are the metatarsals? How are they named? What do they articulate with?
What are the phalanges of the toes? How are they named? What do they articulate with?