Places and People
THE 13 COLONIES
PEOPLE TO KNOW
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John Locke
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English Philosopher
Beliefs
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Personal liberty could coexist
with political order
Consent is the basis for
government and fixes its limits;
Government is a social
contract with limited powers
Government can be modified
by the governed
Introduced unalienable rights
which included life, liberty and
protection of property
Introduced legislative and
executive branches of a
government
PEOPLE TO KNOW

Charles de Montesquieu
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French philosopher
Beliefs
Added the Judiciary to the
Branches of Government
 Introduced separation of
powers;
 believed that in a republic,
education is an absolute
necessity
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PEOPLE TO KNOW

William Blackstone
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English judge, jurist and
professor
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
wrote the book on common
law called Commentaries
on the Laws of England
wrote about “natural rights”
which included life and
liberty
Beliefs
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Religious tolerance
The idea of self-defense
(later became the 2nd
Amendment)
SOUTHERN COLONIES
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Physical Characteristics
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Appalachian Mountains
navigable rivers, richer soil,
warm climate, raw
materials,
Human Characteristics
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Economic: plantations,
Political: more slaves, more
class-based society,
Social: small coastal towns
Religious: Church of
England, Catholics
IMPORTANT DETAILS
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Jamestown, Virginia (1st Colony) founded in 1607
Virginia House of Burgesses (1619)
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1st representative assembly in the colonies.
Enacted laws and to protect individual rights.
Maryland established for religious freedom for Catholics
Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina established
for economic freedom
Georgia established for refuge for English debtors (poor)
and as a buffer zone against Spanish Florida
NEW ENGLAND
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Physical Characteristics
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Atlantic Ocean, subsistence
farming, poor soil, cold
climate, forest
Human Characteristics
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Economic: raw materials,
logging, fishing,
shipbuilding
Political: town meetings,
representative government
Social factors: small
coastal towns
Religious factors: Puritans
IMPORTANT DETAILS
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Plymouth, Massachusetts 2nd colony founded in 1620
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Mayflower Compact (1620)
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Puritan Leader that migrated to Connecticut; influenced the writing of the
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1638)
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Established the idea of self-government and majority rule
Provided a model for later development of representative government.
A social contract where all agreed to abide by these rules.
Thomas Hooker
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Maine is part of Massachusetts
1st written constitution in the colonies.
This document stated that people had the right to elect governors, judges, and a
legislature.
All colonies founded for religious freedom for Puritans
Boston, Massachusetts largest city in region
MIDDLE COLONIES
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Physical Characteristics
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Rich soil; broad, deep
rivers; more natural
ports; river valleys, mild
winters, raw materials,
Atlantic Ocean
Human Characteristics
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Economic: large farms, logging, fishing, shipbuilding
Political: more tolerance
Social: small coastal towns
Religious: Quakers
IMPORTANT DETAILS

William Penn
Founds Pennsylvania
 Religious and political freedom for Quakers
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New Amsterdam

Renamed New York after England defeats Denmark in
war
The colonies of New York, New Jersey, and
Delaware founded for economic freedom
 The two largest cities of the colony are New York,
New York and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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13 COLONIES MAP
New England Colonies
Never
Make
Cynthia
Run
Middle Colonies
New
Pennies
New
Dimes
Southern Colonies
My
Vehicle
Needs
Some
Gas
Southern Colonies
My
Maryland
Vehicle Virginia
Needs North Carolina
Some South Carolina
Gas
Georgia
New England Colonies
Never New Hampshire
Make Massachusetts
Cynthia Connecticut
Run
Rhode Island
Middle Colonies
New
New York
Pennies Pennsylvania
New
New Jersey
Dimes Delaware