• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy -Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please Label. Prokaryotic DNA / Nucleoid Nucleus Pili Eukaryotic Flagella • RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. • BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. – He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. – He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow “Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Area of Focus: HIV / AIDS and other STD’s / STI’s. • Chart showing % of population living with HIV. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Chart showing estimated total numbers living with HIV per country. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The origin of HIV is believed to be Southwest Cameroon. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The origin of HIV is believed to be Southwest Cameroon. – SIV (Simian immunodeficiency virus) jumped from Chimpanzee’s to people. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The origin of HIV is believed to be Southwest Cameroon. – SIV (Simian immunodeficiency virus) jumped from Chimpanzee’s to people. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The AIDS Highway, spread HIV across Africa for years before anyone knew this virus even existed. • Road travel and prostitution along the “AIDS Highway” helped spread the virus across the African Continent quickly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • This occurred before anyone knew this virus even existed. • Homeless children become street kids, join militias, gangs, etc. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Uganda, 50% HIV positive. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • What does the acronym HIV stand for? HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus The virus attacks the cells of our immune system. This makes the host susceptible to disease. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus The virus attacks the cells of our immune system. This makes the host susceptible to disease. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus The virus attacks the cells of our immune system. This makes the host susceptible to disease. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • The very cells that our body uses to fight viruses are the cells that HIV attacks. • The very cells that our body uses to fight viruses are the cells that HIV attacks. HIV • The very cells that our body uses to fight viruses are the cells that HIV attacks. – It destroys our immune system by weakening our bodies defenses. HIV • Which of following people from the next twenty slides have HIV? Please choose which two you think are carrying the virus. 1 “I’m, clean trust me.” 2 “Das Hauptthem a in, Eine Spottdross el Zu töten.” 3 “I’m not from Africa so I can’t get HIV.” 4 “I eat healthy, I can’t get HiV.” Infectious Diseases Unit Link 18 “Dude” “You can’t get HIV if you smoke a lot of pot.” 19 “Athletes can’t contract HIV because we sweat a lot.” 20 “I can’t have HIV, I’ve been behind bars for the last ten years.” • And the person who has the HIV virus is….. Does anyone think they know? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy 1 “I’m, clean trust me.” 1 Trust: It is something that is earned over time. Not with a pretty face and nice smile. 2 “Das Hauptthem a in, Eine Spottdross el Zu töten.” 2 HIV is a global disease. It is just about everywhere on the planet. 3 “I’m not from Africa so I can’t get HIV.” 3 HIV – Emerged in Africa but has traveled to every habitable continent. 4 “I eat healthy, I can’t get HiV.” 4 A good diet is important but it will not prevent you from contracting HIV. Infectious Diseases Unit Link “I can’t have HiV.” “I’ve been married for ten years.” “Kind of…?” 17 17 Trust? Some marriages don’t have it. 18 “Dude” “You can’t get HIV if you smoke a lot of pot.” 18 Not True! Time to rethink your life before your hopes and dreams are just about lost. 19 “Athletes can’t contract HIV because we sweat a lot.” 19 Working out and sweat will not prevent you from contracting HIV. 20 “I can’t have HIV, I’ve been behind bars for the last ten years.” 20 HIV rates in prisons are higher than outside. You can contract and spread HIV in prison. • And the person 1-20 who has the HIV virus is….. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • And the person 1-20 who has the HIV virus is….. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • And the person 1-20 who has the HIV virus is….. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • It could be none of them, or all of them. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • It could be none of them, or all of them. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • It could be none of them, or all of them. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Anyone can carry HIV and show no signs of carrying the virus. • Anyone can carry HIV and show no signs of carrying the virus. “Do you have anything?” • Anyone can carry HIV and show no signs of carrying the virus. “Clean as a whistle.” • Anyone can carry HIV and show no signs of carrying the virus. – You can spread HIV for years without any signs / symptoms. • HIV is a virus, it doesn’t care… – – – – What kind of house you live in. What race you are of. What grades you have. It is a virus, and you are it’s host. HIV Virus Host Cell Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV is a virus, it doesn’t care… – – – – What kind of house you live in. What race you are of. What grades you have. It is a virus, and you are it’s host. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link You can contract HIV by… - - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. That is all types of sex, where bodily fluid is released for either gender. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. That is all types of sex, where bodily fluid is released for either gender. Abstinence vs. Prevention SEX • Abstinence vs. Prevention! – Which one is 100% effective, and which is hopefully effective? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link Contact with an infected person’s blood Cover blood. your wounds, avoid someone else’s Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Contact with an infected person’s blood Cover blood. your wounds, avoid someone else’s Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Police Search. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Be cautious! Needles are highly infective and are often hidden by the user. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Be cautious! Needles are highly infective and are often hidden by the user. “Do you have any needles on your person” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • If your cut playing a sport, let the official know and have the cut bandaged. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy From mother to child in breast milk Formula is available for us. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Expensive formula may not be available for mothers in many places throughout the world. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link Use of infected blood (Rare) Most blood banks are tested but there is always a risk. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Use of infected blood (Rare) Most blood banks are tested but there’s always a risk. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Some people donate their own blood to a private bank so if they ever need blood, they can use their own. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link Injecting drugs (needles are often shared between users) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • You don’t get HIV through.. • You don’t get HIV through.. – Sharing plates and cutlery. • You don’t get HIV through.. – Sharing plates and cutlery. – Insect / animal bites. • You don’t get HIV through.. – Sharing plates and cutlery. – Insect / animal bites. – Touching, hugging or shaking hands. • You don’t get HIV through.. – Sharing plates and cutlery. – Insect / animal bites. – Touching, hugging or shaking hands. – Eating food prepared by someone with HIV. • You don’t get HIV through.. – Sharing plates and cutlery. – Insect / animal bites. – Touching, hugging or shaking hands. – Eating food prepared by someone with HIV. – Toilet seats. • You don’t get HIV through.. – Sharing plates and cutlery. – Insect / animal bites. – Touching, hugging or shaking hands. – Eating food prepared by someone with HIV. – Toilet seats. “I’m HIV positive and these are all of my friends.” • Video Link! (Optional) Living with HIV – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCBmYNd WUf4&feature=related • Can HIV be spread by kissing? Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Activity – HIV simulation – Please obtain a card from teacher. – Teacher will assign a level of risk, i.e.- how many times you swap fluids and with what type of person. Fluid is in the form of a cup filled just less than ½ with water. Each student will receive a cup. One or more cups will have baking soda mixed into it. Teacher will pass out the cups / decide who in the class will infect others. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Questions to HIV Simulation Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Questions to HIV Simulation – What was your risk (High, Medium, Low)? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Questions to HIV Simulation – What was your risk (High, Medium, Low)? – Did you test positive of negative for the virus? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Questions to HIV Simulation – What was your risk (High, Medium, Low)? – Did you test positive of negative for the virus? – How did the virus travel through the group? • Try and record its path through the class, who gave it to whom? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Questions to HIV Simulation – What was your risk (High, Medium, Low)? – Did you test positive of negative for the virus? – How did the virus travel through the group? • Try and record its path through the class, who gave it to whom? – What was the percentage of students who ended up contracting the virus? • The # of HIV positive divided by the total x 100. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Video! Understanding HIV and AIDS. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P91nIGt1axs Learn more about the HIV virus at… http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/ and (easier) http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/stds/std_hiv.html • What does the acronym AIDS stand for? AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • The disease AIDS occurs when the immune system cells left in the body drop below a particular point. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV weakens your immune system, leaving you vulnerable to certain infections and cancers. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV weakens your immune system, leaving you vulnerable to certain infections and cancers. – The infections are called "opportunistic" because they take the opportunity to attack you when your immune system is weak. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Opportunistic Infections such as lesions on the skin show that your body is in the final stages. – Your body can’t fight off the surface infections. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Video Link! (Optional) Awaiting Tomorrow, – What is it like living with AIDS in Africa? – What kind of help is available? – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzQQiCPWSYA • Over 40 million people have died. – 60-80 million expected in next 20 years. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The good news, AIDS is not a death sentence. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The good news, AIDS is not a death sentence. – Many new drugs are available that can decrease your viral load and boost your immune system. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Write a one page reaction to either the simulation or the HIV/AIDS pandemic facing this world or both. – What does learning this do for you? – Will it change anything for you? – What are your feelings about HIV/AIDS? – What images did you find disturbing? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link New Area of Focus: Other STD’s / Sexually Transmitted Diseases Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy The types of sexual activity that can transmit a disease are… Penetrative sex (vaginal, anal or oral) Genital foreplay. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy The types of sexual activity that can transmit a disease are… Penetrative sex (vaginal, anal or oral) Genital foreplay. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy The types of sexual activity that can transmit a disease are… Penetrative sex (vaginal, anal or oral) Genital foreplay. Some diseases are transmitted through… Skin to skin contact. Fluids such as sperm, blood or saliva. Some are passed from mother to baby. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Some diseases are transmitted through… Skin to skin contact. Fluids such as sperm, blood or saliva. Some are passed from mother to baby. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Some diseases are transmitted through… Skin to skin contact. Fluids such as sperm, blood or saliva. Some are passed from mother to baby. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Some diseases are transmitted through… Skin to skin contact. Fluids such as sperm, blood or saliva. Some are passed from mother to baby. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy “I’m sick of this.” “You’re just trying to keep us from having fun.” • Some common STD’s that we will investigate – HIV – Chlamydia – Genital Herpes – Genital Warts – Gonorrhea – Hepatitis A,B,C – Syphilis – HPV Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Some common STD’s that we will investigate – HIV – Chlamydia – Genital Herpes – Genital Warts – Gonorrhea – Hepatitis A,B,C – Syphilis – HPV Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Some common STD’s that we will investigate – HIV – Chlamydia – Genital Herpes – Genital Warts – Gonorrhea – Hepatitis A,B,C – Syphilis – HPV Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Some common STD’s that we will investigate – HIV – Chlamydia – Genital Herpes – Genital Warts – Gonorrhea – Hepatitis A,B,C – Syphilis – HPV Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Some common STD’s that we will investigate – HIV – Chlamydia – Genital Herpes – Genital Warts – Gonorrhea – Hepatitis A,B,C – Syphilis – HPV Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • A study presented in 2008 revealed that around 26% of young American women aged 14-19 are infected with at least one of the four most common sexually transmitted infections. • A study presented in 2008 revealed that around 26% of young American women aged 14-19 are infected with at least one of the four most common sexually transmitted infections. – This amounts to around 3.2 million female teenagers. • Abstinence – Not engaging in all forms of sexual intercourse. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Abstinence – Not engaging in all forms of sexual intercourse. – Note – Some STD’s can occur from genital rubbing / foreplay. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Abstinence – Not engaging in all forms of sexual intercourse. – Note – Some STD’s can occur from genital rubbing / foreplay. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Video! Teenagers and STD’s – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKk6SDPyd4s Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The most widespread infection is HPV (human papilloma virus, which can cause genital warts and cervical cancer), found in 18% of young women Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The most widespread infection is HPV (Human Papilloma Virus, which can cause genital warts and cervical cancer), found in 18% of young women. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The most widespread infection is HPV (Human Papilloma Virus, which can cause genital warts and cervical cancer), found in 18% of young women. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • The most widespread infection is HPV (Human Papilloma Virus, which can cause genital warts and cervical cancer), found in 18% of young women. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Genital Herpes • Lysogenic Virus –You have forever – Causes blisters 2-4 weeks Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Genital Herpes • Lysogenic Virus –You have forever – Causes blisters 2-4 weeks – Can spread without blisters Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Genital Herpes • Lysogenic Virus –You have forever – Causes blisters 2-4 weeks – Can spread without blisters – Psychological Distress Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Genital Herpes • Lysogenic Virus –You have forever – Causes blisters 2-4 weeks – Can spread without blisters – Psychological Distress – More likely to acquire HIV Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Genital Herpes Song Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Genital Herpes Song – Please sing it as a class to the theme Mary Had a Little Lamb. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Genital Herpes Song – Please sing it as a class to the theme Mary Had a Little Lamb. – Everyone is allowed to say the word vagina when it is said in the song. It is a clinical word. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Genital Herpes Song Mary had HSV HSV HSV Mary had HSV and it was really gross. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Genital Herpes Song Mary had HSV HSV HSV Mary had HSV and it was really gross. HSV is an STD STD STD HSV is an STD And it is not fun-ny. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • New STD: Chlamydia • New STD: Chlamydia • Effects male and female. – Puss discharge. – Burning Feeling. – Body Pain. – Bleeding from parts – Causes serious reproductive problems in women. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Effects male and female. – Puss discharge. – Burning Feeling. – Body Pain. – Bleeding from parts – Causes serious reproductive problems in women. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Effects male and female. – Puss discharge. – Burning Feeling. – Body Pain. – Bleeding from parts – Causes serious reproductive problems in women. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Gonorrhea • Bacterium – Occurs in men and women. – Can infect eye as well. – Burning urination. – Puss / Milky discharge. – Very Painful. – Reproductive problems. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Gonorrhea • Bacterium – Occurs in men and women. – Can infect eye as well. – Burning urination. – Puss / Milky discharge. – Very Painful. – Reproductive problems. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Gonorrhea Song – Please sing it to the diarrhea song… when your sliding into first, and… Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy If your private parts burn Then I feel you must learn ‘bout gonorrhea Gonorrhea If it hurts when you pee And puss comes from your wee wee Gonorrhea Gonorrhea Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy If your private parts burn Then I feel you must learn ‘bout gonorrhea Gonorrhea If it hurts when you pee And puss comes from your wee wee Gonorrhea Gonorrhea Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link “Stop showing us gross pictures and making us sing gross songs!” • Hepatitis – People at risk Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Hepatitis – People at risk • People who share needles Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Hepatitis A B C D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Hepatitis A B C D – Caused by a virus. – Many types – Mostly affects the liver – Vaccines are available – Prevention is good hygiene – Avoid blood and fecal matter and places it dwells. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Hepatitis A B C D – Caused by a virus. – Many types – Mostly affects the liver – Vaccines are available – Prevention is good hygiene – Avoid blood and fecal matter and places it dwells. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Hepatitis A B C D – Caused by a virus. – Many types – Mostly affects the liver – Vaccines are available – Prevention is good hygiene – Avoid blood and fecal matter and places it dwells. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Hepatitis A B C D – Caused by a virus. – Many types – Mostly affects the liver – Vaccines are available – Prevention is good hygiene – Avoid blood and fecal matter and places it dwells. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Trichomoniasis Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Trichomoniasis – Most men with trichomoniasis do not have signs or symptoms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Trichomoniasis – Most men with trichomoniasis do not have signs or symptoms. – Some women have signs or symptoms of infection which include a frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge with a pungent odor. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Review! Abstinence is best, (Means no contact!) if you can’t abstain, than use a condom. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Review! Abstinence is best, (Means no contact!) if you can’t abstain, than use a condom. – Note: You can still get several STI’s Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Many methods of birth control do not protect against STD’s. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Many methods of birth control do not protect against STD’s. – Which of the ones below help protect from some STD’s, but not all of them, explain? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Many methods of birth control do not protect against STD’s. – Which of the ones below help protect from some STD’s, but not all of them, explain? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Condom’s can help prevent some STD’s but not all of them. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Condom’s can help prevent some STD’s but not all of them. – Most birth control devices do not aid in prevention of STD’s. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link He’s so cute, I’ll just be unsafe this one time. That was so stupid, what was I thinking. Oh my gosh, she is so hot. I hope this goes far. Aggggh, these genital sores are itchy! Why was I so stupid.? “I think this is going to be the best night of our lives.” • Please be smart, don’t become one of the 24% of teenagers in this country with a form of an STD / STI. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Please be smart, don’t become one of the 24% of teenagers in this country with a form of an STD / STI. Learn more about STD’s at… http://beforeplay.org/stds/ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy “I’m sorry I yelled earlier.” “I don’t want an STD.” “So thank you for teaching me.” • Activity! Infectious Disease Dramatic performance. (Optional) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Infectious Diseases Unit Link • Quiz 1-10 and 5 bonus questions. • Which letter represents the theorized birthplace of the HIV virus? • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. – C.) Mother to child through breast milk • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. – C.) Mother to child through breast milk – D.)Sharing needles with an infected person • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. – C.) Mother to child through breast milk – D.)Sharing needles with an infected person – E.) Handshake • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. – Candida, a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in your mouth) or infections in your throat or vagina • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. – Candida, a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in your mouth) or infections in your throat or vagina • These are known as opportunistic infections. • What are… • Which picture is the best way to avoid contracting an STD or STI? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which picture is the best way to avoid contracting an STD or STI? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Which picture is the best way to avoid contracting an STD or STI? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Name the STD based on the information in the box. – HIV, Chlamydia, Genital Herpes, Genital Warts, Gonorrhea, Hepatitis A,B,C, Syphilis, HPV Virus • Name the STD based on the information in the box. – HIV, Chlamydia, Genital Herpes, Genital Warts, Gonorrhea, Hepatitis A,B,C, Syphilis, HPV Virus Puss discharge. Burning Feeling. Body Pain. Bleeding from parts. Causes serious reproductive problems in women. • Name the STD based on the information in the box. – HIV, Chlamydia, Genital Herpes, Genital Warts, Gonorrhea, Hepatitis A,B,C, Syphilis, HPV Virus Bacterium Occurs in men and women. Can infect eye as well. Burning urination. Puss / Milky discharge. Very Painful. Reproductive problems. • Name the STD based on the information in the box. – HIV, Chlamydia, Genital Herpes, Genital Warts, Gonorrhea, Hepatitis A,B,C, Syphilis, HPV Virus Caused by a virus. Many types Mostly affects the liver Vaccines are available Prevention is good hygiene Avoid blood and fecal matter and places it dwells. • Bonus (1 point each) • Who do these two work for? • Who is this actress in G. I. Jane? • What movie is this? • Name this movie… • Who is this actor? “Hill Dilly!” “Here come the answers” • Quiz 1-10 and 5 bonus questions. • Which letter represents the theorized birthplace of the HIV virus? • Which letter represents the theorized birthplace of the HIV virus? • Which letter represents the theorized birthplace of the HIV virus? • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. – C.) Mother to child through breast milk • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. – C.) Mother to child through breast milk – D.)Sharing needles with an infected person • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. – C.) Mother to child through breast milk – D.)Sharing needles with an infected person – E.) Handshake • You can contract HIV in all of the following ways except? – A.) Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person. – B.) Contact with an affected persons blood. – C.) Mother to child through breast milk – D.)Sharing needles with an infected person – E.) Handshake • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • AIDS -Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. – Candida, a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in your mouth) or infections in your throat or vagina • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. – Candida, a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in your mouth) or infections in your throat or vagina • These are known as opportunistic infections. • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. – Candida, a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in your mouth) or infections in your throat or vagina • These are known as opportunistic infections. • You have acquired AIDS when your CD4 cells drop below 14%, or you show signs of… – PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia), a lung infection; – KS (Kaposi’s sarcoma), a skin cancer; – CMV (Cytomegalovirus), an infection that usually affects the eyes. – Candida, a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in your mouth) or infections in your throat or vagina • These are known as opportunistic infections. • What are… • What are… • What are… • What are… • What are… Infectious Diseases Unit Link Areas of Focus within The Cells and Infectious Diseases Unit: Infectious Diseases through History, Viruses, Size of Viruses, Computer Viruses, Viral Reproduction, Are Viruses Living?, Types of Viruses, Types of Bacteria, Size of Bacteria, Bacteria Identification, Gram Staining, Food Borne Illnesses and Prevention, Antibiotics, Antiseptics and Cleaning Injuries, Tooth Decay, Dental Hygiene, Bacterial Reproduction, Positives and Negatives of Bacteria, Lytic Viruses, Lysogenic Viruses, Immune System, Virus Transmission, Treatment for Viruses, Virus Prevention, Parasites, Types of Parasites, Parasite Life Cycles, HIV, HIV Prevention, AIDS, STD’s, and more. Virus, Bacteria, Parasites, Diseases Unit Hundreds of PowerPoint samples, the bundled homework package, unit notes, and much more can be previewed at… Infectious Diseases Unit Preview Link Infectious Diseases Unit Intro and Virus Lesson Bundle Virus Lesson Review Game Bacteria Lesson Bundle Bacteria Review Game Parasites Lesson Bundle Immune System, HIV, AIDS, STD's Lesson Bundle Infectious Diseases Unit Crossword Puzzle Immune System, HIV, AIDS, STD's Review Game • You can now record information in the white space next to the pictures. – Color only the pictures. Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. uman mmunodefiency irus Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. uman mmunodefiency irus Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. uman mmunodefiency irus Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. uman mmunodefiency irus Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. uman mmunodefiency irus Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. uman mmunodefiency irus Immune system - A system that protects the body from diseases. uman mmunodefiency irus • Immune System, Parasites, STD’s, HIV, AIDS PowerPoint Review Game. Areas of Focus within The Cells and Infectious Diseases Unit: Infectious Diseases through History, Viruses, Size of Viruses, Computer Viruses, Viral Reproduction, Are Viruses Living?, Types of Viruses, Types of Bacteria, Size of Bacteria, Bacteria Identification, Gram Staining, Food Borne Illnesses and Prevention, Antibiotics, Antiseptics and Cleaning Injuries, Tooth Decay, Dental Hygiene, Bacterial Reproduction, Positives and Negatives of Bacteria, Lytic Viruses, Lysogenic Viruses, Immune System, Virus Transmission, Treatment for Viruses, Virus Prevention, Parasites, Types of Parasites, Parasite Life Cycles, HIV, HIV Prevention, AIDS, STD’s, and more. Full Unit can be found at… Infectious Diseases Unit Link • This PowerPoint is one small part of my Infectious Diseases Unit. • A Four Part 1,800+ Slide PowerPoint full of engaging activities, critical class notes, review opportunities, question, answers, games, and much more. • 19 Page bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly review. Modified version provided as well as answer keys. • 24 pages of unit notes with visuals for students and support professionals. • 4 PowerPoint Review Games with Answer Key • Rubrics, videos, templates, materials list, First Day PowerPoint, guide, and much more. • Infectious Diseases Unit Link Life Science Curriculum Link Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit Anatomy Intro, Levels of Biological Organization Lesson Bundle Skeletal System Lesson Bundle Muscular System Lesson Bundle Anatomy Intro, Skeletal, Muscular System Review Game Healthy Eating, Molecules of Life Lesson Bundle Obesity, Dangers of Fast Food, Eating Disorders Healthy Eating and Living Review Game Eating Disorders, Anabolic Steroids Digestive System Lesson Bundle Circulatory System and Respiratory System Lesson Bundle Anti-Tobacco, Dangers of Smoking Lesson Bundle Circulatory and Respiratory System Review Game Excretory System Lesson Bundle Nervous System Lesson Bundle Nervous System Review Game Endocrine System Lesson Bundle, Puberty, Hormones Human Reproductive Lesson Bundle, Fertilization Endocrine and Reproductive System Review Game Immune System, HIV, AIDS, STD's Lesson Bundle Immune System, HIV, AIDS, STD's Review Game Anatomy Crossword Puzzle DNA and Genetics Unit DNA Lesson Bundle DNA Lesson Review Game DNA Crossword Puzzle Cell Division, Mitosis and Meiosis Lesson Bundle Cell Division Review Game Mitosis and Meiosis Crossword Puzzle Gnetics Lesson Bundle DNA and Genetics Crossword Puzzle Genetics Review Game Cellular Biology Unit Introduction to Cells, Cell History, Cheek and Onion Cell Lab, Cell Theory Lesson Bundle Cell Review Game Cell Transport Lesson Bundle, Osmosis, Diffusion, Active Transport Cell Transport Review Game Characteristics of Life Lesson Cellular Organelles Lesson Bundle Cellular Organelles Visual Quiz Cellular Organelles Review Game Cell Unit Crossword Puzzle Cell Unit Flash Cards Cellular Biology Unit Preview, Homework Bundle, Unit Notes, more Life Science Curriculum Link Infectious Diseases Unit Infectious Diseases Unit Intro and Virus Lesson Bundle Virus Lesson Review Game Bacteria Lesson Bundle Bacteria Review Game Parasites Lesson Bundle Immune System, HIV, AIDS, STD's Lesson Bundle Infectious Diseases Unit Crossword Puzzle Immune System, HIV, AIDS, STD's Review Game Evolution and Natural Selection Evolution and Natural Selection Lesson Bundle Evolution and Natural Selection Review Game Human Evolution Lesson Bundle Life Origins and Human Evolution Quiz Game Geologic Timescale, Earth System History Lesson Bundle Earth Geologic History Quiz Game Life Origins and Human Evolution Quiz Game Life Origins, Miller Urey Experiment Lesson Bundle Ecological Succession Lesson Bundle Ecological Succession Review Game Taxonomy and Classification Unit Taxonomy and Classification Lesson Bundle Taxonomy and Classification Review Game Bacteria Lesson Bundle Bacteria Review Game Kingdom Protista Lesson Bundle Kingdom Animal Lesson Bundle Animal Phylums Visual Quiz Class Mammalia Lesson Bundle Kingdom Animalia Review Game and Mammalia Kingdom Fungi Lesson Bundle Kingdom Fungi Review Game Kingdom Plantae Lesson Bundle Botany Unit Review Game Name the Kingdom, Phylum, Class Visual Challenge Taxonomy and Classification Crossword Puzzle Botany Unit Botany Unit Intro, Non-vascular Plants, Plate Evolution Lesson Bundle Student Botany Projects, Grow Study Lesson Bundle Botany Unit Review Game Plants, Seeds, Seed Dispersal Lesson Bundle Plants Review Game Plants, Roots, Leaves, Lesson Bundle Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons Lesson Bundle Dendrochronology, Tree Ring Dating Lesson Bundle Plant Hormones Lesson Bundle Botany Unit Crossword Puzzle Leaf Identification Lesson Bundle Botany Unit Review Game Plant Life Cycles, Flowers, Fruits Lesson Bundle Plant Life Cycles, Flowers, Fruits Review Game Life Science Curriculum Link Ecology Feeding Levels Unit Ecology Food Chain Lesson Bundle Biomagnification, Bioaccumulation of Pollution, Food Chain Lesson Bundle Ecology Feeding Levels, Pyramid of Biomass, Number Lesson Bundle Animal Dentition Lesson Bundle Ecology Feeding Levels Unit Review Game Ecology Feeding Levels Unit Crossword Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit Food Chain Board Game Ecology Non-living Factors, Light Lesson Bundle Ecology, Non-living Factor Temperature Ecology Interactions Unit Lesson Bundle Ecology Levels of Organization Lesson Bundle Photosynthesis and Respiration, Animal Habitats Lesson Bundle Biogeochemical Cycles Lesson Bundle Food Webs, Predator and Prey Cycles Lesson Bundle Ecology Non-living Factors Quiz Game Biodiversity and Population Sampling Lesson Bundle Island Biogeography Lesson Bundle Animal Competition Lesson Bundle Nitrogen Cycle Lesson Bundle Animal Camouflage and Mimicry Lesson Bundle Phosphorus Cycle and Nutrient Pollution Ecology, Camouflage, Mimicry, Population Sampling Lesson Bundle Review Game Plant Succession, Fire Ecology, Lesson Symbiosis Lesson Bundle Bundle Invasive Exotic Species Lesson Bundle Ecological Succession Quiz Game Ecology Interactions Part III, IV Review Game, Symbiosis, Ecology Flash Cards Exotic Species Ecology Interactions Unit Crossword Puzzle Physical Science Curriculum Link Laws of Motion and Simple Machines Unit Newton's Three Laws of Motion Newton's Laws of Motion Review Game Friction Lesson, Types of Friction Kinetic and Potential Energy Lesson Newton's Laws and Forces in Motion Forces in Motion Review Game Catapults and Trajectory Lesson Simple Machines Lesson Simple Machines Review Game Laws of Motion and Simple Machines Unit Flashcards Laws of Motion and Simple Machines Crossword Puzzle Laws of Motion, Forces in Motion, Simple Machines Unit Preview, Homework, Notes Atoms and the Periodic Table of the Elements Unit Science Skills Unit Lab Safety Lesson Bundle Microscopes and Magnification Lesson Bundle Metric System / SI Lesson Bundle Scientific Notation Lesson Bundle Volume and Density Lesson Bundle Scientific Method, Observation Skills Lesson Bundle Science Skills Unit Flash Cards Science Skills Unit Crossword Puzzle Science Skills Unit Review Game Science Skills Unit Preview, Homework Bundle, Notes Atoms, Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, Isotopes Lesson Bundle Inside the Atom Lesson Bundle Atoms Review Game Atomic Theory, Electrons, Orbitals, Molecules Lesson Bundle Atoms, Atomic Theory, Electrons, Orbitals, Molecules Review Game Atomic Bonding, Balancing Chemical Equations, Reactions, Lesson Bundle Atoms and the Periodic Table Crossword Puzzle and Solution Atoms and Periodic Table Unit Preview, Homework Bundle, Unit Notes Periodic Table of the Elements Unit Lesson Bundle Periodic Table of the Elements Review Game Matter, Energy, and the Environment Unit States of Matter, Physical Change, Chemical Change States of Matter, Physical Change, Chemical Change Review Game Gas Laws Introductory Lesson Bundle Gas Laws Review Game Viscosity Lesson Bundle Forms of Energy Lesson Bundle Heat Transfer, Convection, Conduction, Radiation Lesson Bundle Electromagnetic Spectrum Lesson Bundle Forms of Energy, Particles, Waves, EM Spectrum Review Game Electromagnetic Spectrum Visual Quiz Electricity and Magnetism Lesson Bundle Electricity and Magnetism Review Game Matter and Energy Crossword Puzzle and Solution Matter, Energy, and the Environment Unit Preview, Homework Bundle, Notes Environment Unit Bundle Environment Unit Bundle Review Game Earth Science Curriculum Link Geology Topics Unit Plate Tectonics, Continental Drift, Earth's Core, Plate Boundaries Lesson Bundle Dynamic Earth Review Game Plate Boundaries Visual Quiz Volcanoes Lesson Bundle Types of Volcanoes Volcanoes Review Game Earthquakes Lesson Bundle Earthquakes Review Game Rock Deformation, Compression, Tension, Shearing Minerals Lesson Bundle Minerals Review Game Rock or Mineral PowerPoint Quiz Rocks and Minerals Lesson Bundle Rocks and Minerals Flash Cards Types of Rocks Visual Quiz Rocks and the Rock Cycle Lesson Bundle Rocks and Rock Cycle Review Game Geologic Timescale, Earth System History Lesson Bundle Earth Geologic History Quiz Game Geology Unit Crossword Puzzle Geology Unit Preview, Bundled Homework, Unit Notes Astronomy Topics Unit Solar System and Sun Lesson Bundle Sun Lesson Bundle Solar System and Sun Review Game Solar and Lunar Eclipse Lesson Bundle Inner Planets Lesson Bundle Inner Planets Review Game Moon, Phases of the Moon, Tides, Seasons, Lesson Bundle Rocketry Lesson Bundle Asteroid Belt, Meteors, Torino Scale Lesson Bundle Asteroid Belt and Rocketry Review Game Mission to the Moon, Apollo Lesson Outer Planets Lesson Bundle Outer Planets Review Game Beyond the Solar System Lesson Bundle Beyond the Solar System, Galaxies, Black Holes, Constellations Review Game Galaxy Lesson, Hubble Exploration Astronomy Unit Crossword Puzzle Astronomy Unit in Spanish Science Curriculum Link Weathering, Soil Science, Soil Conservation, Ice Ages, Glaciers Unit Mechanical and Chemical Weathering Lesson Bundle Mechanical and Chemical Weathering Review Game Soil Science Lesson Bundle Erosion, Soil Conservation Lesson Bundle Soil Science, Erosion, Soil Conservation Review Game Weathering, Soil Science Unit Flash Cards Weathering and Soil Science Crossword Puzzle Ice Ages and Glaciers Lesson Bundle Ice Ages and Glaciers Review Game Ice Ages and Glaciers Crossword Puzzle Ice Ages, Glaciers Unit Flash Cards Weathering, Soil Science, Soil Conservation, Ice Ages, Glaciers Unit Preview Weather and Climate Unit Atmosphere Lesson Bundle Ozone Layer, Air Pollution, Skin Cancer Atmosphere, Layers of the Atmosphere, Pollution Quiz Game Air Pressure and Winds Lesson Bundle Severe Weather Lesson Bundle, Hurricanes, Tornado, Blizzards Seasons Lesson Bundle, Axial Tilt Weather, Wind, Seasons, Quiz Game Winds, Global Winds, Wind Chill Lesson Bundle Oceans and Weather, Water Cycle, Clouds Lesson Bundle Water Cycle and Clouds Lesson Bundle Earth Science Curriculum Link Rivers, Lakes, and Water Quality Unit Rivers and Watershed Lesson Bundle Flooding Lesson Bundle Benthic Macroinvertebrate Lesson Bundle Lake Turnover Lesson Bundle Salmon Lesson Bundle Fish Lesson, Fashion a Fish, Lesson Bundle Rivers, Lakes, and Water Quality Unit Review Game Rivers, Lakes, and Water Quality Crossword Puzzle Rivers, Lakes, and Water Quality Unit Preview, Homework Bundle, Unit Notes Water Molecule Unit Water Use, Water on Earth, Water Conservation Lesson Bundle Groundwater, Groundwater Pollution Lesson Bundle Properties of Water Lesson Bundle Water Cycle Lesson Bundle Water Unit Review Game Water Unit Preview, Homework Package, Unit Notes, more • Please visit the links below to learn more about each of the units in this curriculum and to see previews of each unit. – These units take me four busy years to complete with my students in grades 5-10. Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html = Easier 5th – 7th grade = More Difficult 6th – 8th grade = Most Difficult 8th – 10th grade Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods. html Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Human Body / Health Topics http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html • Thank you for your time and interest in this curriculum. Please visit the welcome / guide on how a unit works and please link to the many unit previews to see the PowerPoint slideshows, bundled homework, review games, unit notes, and much more. Thank you for your interest and feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Best wishes. • Sincerely, • Ryan Murphy M.Ed • www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com