CPR

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Injuries resulted in 160,000 deaths in the
U.S. in 2003
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List on your own as many different emergencies you can think of.
– Emergency: meaning the person probably needed to go to the hospital or 911 was called.

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Car crash
Fire
Water emergencies
Weather emergencies
Poisoning
Cardiac emergencies
Choking
Breaks or fractures
Sever Bleeding
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Unconscious
Not breathing
Seizures
Sports injuries
Falling from a height
Diabetic
Allergic reactions
Sudden Illness

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In groups of 2-3 people use 1 sheet of blank paper to list 3 examples under each category.
– Unusual Sights (Ex. Smoke)
– Unusual Appearances or Behaviors
(Ex. Clutched chest)
– Unusual Odors
– Unusual Noises

Unusual Sights
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Stopped vehicle on the road
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Broken glass
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Overturned pot in kitchen
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Spilled medicine container
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Downed electrical wires
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Sparks, Smoke, Fire

Unusual Appearances or Behaviors
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Unconsciousness
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Confused or Unusual Behavior
Trouble Breathing
Clutching chest or throat
Slurred, confused or hesitant speech
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Unexplainable confusion or drowsiness
Sweating
Change in skin color
Unable to move a body part

Unusual Odors
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Stronger than usual
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Unrecognizable odors
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Inappropriate odors

Unusual Noises
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Screaming, yelling, calling for help
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Breaking glass, crashing metal
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Tires screeching
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Sudden loud noises
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Unusual Silence

3.
4.
1.
2.
Recognize an emergency exists.
Decide to act
Activate the EMS system
Give care until help arrives

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Talk to the person next to you:
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Make a list of the reasons people would not want to “Act” in an emergency?

What would prevent someone from giving care?
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The presence of other people
Being unsure of the ill or injured person’s condition
The type of injury or illness
Fear of catching a disease
Fear of doing something wrong
Fear of being sued
Unsure if they should call 911

Protect people who willingly provide emergency care to ill or injured persons without accepting anything in return.
Give care based on your training

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Card activity with 3-4 people
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Answer the questions for each scene on a post it note.
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“Popcorn” around the room and ask groups to share their answers
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Discuss differences in answers

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Having trouble or can not breathe at all.
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Could turn into cardiac emergencies, if untreated
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Partners answer:
– Signs of an emergency?
– How to recognize an emergency?
– Common causes for adult / child?

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You must have the person’s permission for a conscious adult.
Tell them who you are, how much training you have, what you think is wrong, and how you plan to help.
Do not give care if they refuse – you may still call 911.
If the victim is a child, you must get consent from their parent/guardian

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If the victim is unconscious it is implied consent.
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If the parent/guardian is not there, it is implied consent.

2.
3.
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1.
4.
5.
6.
Check
Is it safe?
What happened?
How many people are involved?
Is there immediate danger involved?
Is anyone else available to help?
What is wrong?

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Call first or Care first?????
Page 17,18, 19.
Life Threatening Conditions
1. Unconsciousness
2. Chest Pain
3. Not Breathing
4. Having Trouble Breathing
5. No Pulse
6. Severe Bleeding
7. Seizure lasting more than 5 minutes.

Preventing Disease Transmission
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
7.
8.
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Avoid contact with bodily fluids
Use a breathing barrier
Bandage any open wounds you may have
Use a barrier like gloves
Do not eat or drink when giving care
Do not touch objects that may have bodily fluids on them
Have a 1 st aid kit
Wash your hands!
Tell EMS if you have contacted any bodily fluids

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Partially remove first glove
– Pinch wrist, only touch gloves, remove partially, leave thumb and index finger in glove
– With thumb and index finger still in glove, pinch outside surface of second glove and remove completely
– Use interior clean surface of glove to remove the rest of glove that is still on.
– Discard and wash hands thoroughly

1. CHECK the scene, CHECK person
2. Obtain Consent
3. Call 911 if you need to
4. Interview the Person (SAMPLE)
5. Check head to toe
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Video

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S – Signs & Symptoms
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A – Allergies
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M – Medicine
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P – Past History
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L – Last Oral Intake
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E – Events that led up to the event

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to deliver oxygen-rich blood to the body’s tissues and vital organs.

Signals of Shock
–Restlessness or irritability
–An altered level of consciousness
–Pale, cool or moist skin
–Nausea and vomiting
–A blue color to the lips and nailbeds
–Rapid breathing
–Rapid Pulse

A B C’s
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A – Airway
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B – Breathing
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C – Circulation

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1.
2.
3.
Only move a victim when:
You are faced with immediate danger
When you have to get to another person who may have a more serious problem
When it is necessary to give proper care.
Page 23, 24, 25 On how to move a victim.

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CHECK scene, CHECK person
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Tap shoulder
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No response CALL 911
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Open airway, 10 seconds
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Not breathing, give 2 rescue breaths
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If breathing, put into recovery position

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Without a suspected spinal injury
Roll to side
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Suspected spinal injury: H.A.IN.E.S
High Arm In Endangered Spine
Pg 46

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Persistent chest pain lasting more than 3-5 minutes. It may come and go.
Pain in either arm
Discomfort or pressure that spreads to the shoulder, arm, neck or jaw.
Nausea, shortness of breath, trouble breathing
Sweating, changes in skin appearance
Dizziness or unconsciousness.

3.
4.
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Early Recognition and early access
Early CPR
Early defibrillation
Early advanced life support

5.
6.
3.
4.
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Call 911
Have the person stop and rest
Loosen tight clothing
Closely monitor the person until EMS arrives
Be prepared to give CPR or use an AED
Interview the person to get a history

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2.
After checking the ill or injured person
Give cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths.
Compress the chest of an adult 1 ½ inch to 2 inches.

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The scene becomes unsafe
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You can see signs of life and circulation
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An AED is ready to use
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You are too exhausted to continue
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A trained responder arrives and takes over

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A- Automated
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E- External
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D – Defibrillator

1.
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Turn on the AED
Wipe the victim dry
Assemble the AED if necessary
4.
5.
Let the AED analyze the heart rhythm
Follow the directions of the AED
6.
Be sure to use pediatric pads for children
Page 98-101