Monday
January 25, 2016
Do Now: How do you improve your level of fitness?
Learning Target: I can analyze a situation, overcome
obstacles, and begin to enact the steps Check, Call, Care.
Success Criteria: I am listening to instructions and following
the demonstrations to correctly analyze and approach an
injured person.
First Aid/CPR Manual
You will be creating a First Aid/CPR manual during this health
unit.
You will need 1 sheet of red paper and 10 sheets of white
paper.
First Aid/CPR Manual
The front cover should include a title, a picture, and your
name.
The first page will be titled “Table of Contents”
As we add information to our books make sure you update
this table.
Lesson 1
Before Giving Care and Checking an Injured or Ill Person
Introduction Video
Lesson 1: Before Giving Care
Lesson Objectives:
- Describe how to recognize an emergency
- Describe the purpose of the Good Samaritan laws
- Explain how to perform a “Scene Risk Assessment”
- Identify how to reduce the risk of disease transmission when giving care
- Explain how to check a conscious person for both life and non-life
threatening conditions
- Identify the signals of shock
- Explain how to minimize the effects of shock
- Explain how to check an unconscious person for life-threatening conditions.
My First Aid Kit
A good First Aid kit will have the essential items needed to
care for most non-life threatening emergencies and general
care.
More complete kits will include materials and tools for life
threatening emergencies. These are often carried by medical
professionals such as EMTs, Paramedics, and Fire Fighters.
Use page 19 of your classroom book to add the essentials
into your manual.
Overcoming Barriers
Far too often people do not act as first responders because
they are scared or nervous.
What do you think are some common barriers that prevent
bystanders from helping others?
Common Barriers
Panic or fear of doing something wrong
Uncertainty of the person’s condition or what to do
Assuming someone else will take action
Type of injury or illness
Fear of catching a disease or germs
Fear of being sued
Being unsure of when to call 9-1-1
What would you do? VIDEO
Good Samaritan Laws
The Good Samaritan Laws protect a responder from being sued
for attempting to help.
A reasonable and prudent person would:
Only move a person if their life was in danger
Ask a conscious person for consent before providing care
Check for life-threatening conditions before giving care
Call 9-1-1
Continue to provide care until emergency medical professionals
arrive and take over
Disease and Bodily Fluid Prevention
When providing care for an injured person it is extremely
important to protect yourself as well.
Always wear gloves and keep hair tied back
Wear face protection if needed
( safety glasses, masks, etc. )
Remove gloves and wash hands after helping victim
Remove and wash clothes when possible
Check Call Care
Check the scene and person
Call 9-1-1 for help or assistance
Care for the person
Check
Always make sure that the
scene is safe before entering!
Checking a Conscious Person
After checking if the scene is safe:
Approach person
Instruct them to stay still
Introduce yourself and ask for consent
Check for life threatening emergencies
Begin Care
Practice Questions
Checking an Unconscious Person
After checking if the scene is safe:
Approach person
Tap shoulder to check for consciousness
If no response call 9-1-1 or instruct someone else to call
Check for vital signs
Look, Listen, Feel
Begin Care
Checking Unconscious Video
Call
After checking the scene for any
danger and assessing the victim it is
time to call for help.
Call 9-1-1 if the injury is severe and requires a medical
professional
You can also instruct someone nearby to call while you
provide initial care.
Care
After checking the scene and calling for help it is time to
provide the initial care.
If the victim is conscious ask them for details about the
accident/injury to help you determine the appropriate care.
If the victim is unconscious you need to Look, Listen, and Feel
Look, Listen, Feel
Look for bleeding, physical injury to the victim, or movement
of the chest
Listen for breathing and signs of life
Feel for a pulse and breath from the nose/mouth
Open the airway if needed
Open the Airway
Head Tilt Chin Lift
Practice
In groups of three we will practice the three C’s
Check
Call
Care
Tuesday
January 26, 2016
Do Now: What are the first steps when approaching an
injured person?
Learning Target: I can analyze a situation, overcome
obstacles, and begin to enact the steps Check, Call, Care.
Success Criteria: I am listening to instructions and following
the demonstrations to correctly analyze and approach an
injured person.
Lesson 2
Sudden Illness
Lesson 2: Sudden Illness
Lesson Objectives:
- Identify the signals of common sudden illness
- Describe how to care for common sudden illness
- Describe how to care for someone who is having a seizure
Sudden Illness
Sudden Illness includes:
Fainting
Seizures
Stroke
Diabetic Emergencies
Allergic Reactions
Poisoning
Signs and Symptoms
Dizziness
Trouble Breathing
Nausea
Headaches
Diarrhea
Changes in Consciousness
Weakness
Confusion
Change in Body Temperature
Fainting
Fainting occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood
to the brain.
Fainting results in a temporary loss
of consciousness.
When in doubt, call 911 if you are
unsure of the person’s condition.
Seizures
Seizures are the result of abnormal electrical activity in the
brain which causes temporary involuntary body movements,
functions, behavior, etc.
Call 911 immediately and wait with the person until help
arrives.
Do not try and restrain the person as you can cause even
more damage.
Stroke
A stroke is caused by the loss of blood flow to the brain.
Call 911 immediately if a stroke is suspected.
F- Face
A- Arms
S- Speech
T- Time
Diabetic Emergency
A diabetic emergency can be serious and life threatening as well.
Diabetes is a condition where the
body cannot process sugars into
energy.
Call 911 if the person becomes
extremely week or loses
consciousness.
Allergic Reactions
An allergic reaction is caused by the over activity of the
immune system against antigens ( foreign substances )
Allergic reactions can range in severity from minor to lifethreatening.
The victim will usually be able to tell you the details in order
for you to provide appropriate care.
Poisoning
Poison is a substance that causes illness, injury, or death if it
enters the body.
Poisons can be inhaled, swallowed, absorbed, or injected.
Call 911 if the person loses consciousness or experiences
trouble breathing.
Monday
February 1, 2016
Do Now: What does FAST stand for when caring for a stroke
victim?
Learning Target: I can identify the signs of environmental
emergencies and explain how to provide care.
I can explain how to care for various soft tissue injuries.
Success Criteria: I am listening to instructions and adding the
important information into my First Aid Manual.
Lesson 3: Environmental Emergencies
Lesson Objectives:
- Identify the signals of heat-related illness and cold-related
emergencies
- Describe how to care for heat-related illness and coldrelated emergencies
Environmental Emergencies
Environmental emergencies occur when a person is subjected
to extreme conditions.
People who work outdoors, elderly folks, and young
children are most at risk.
Heat Related Illness
Cold Related Illness
Heat Related Illness
Heat related illnesses are caused by overexposure to heat
and dehydration.
This can lead to heat strokes, heat cramps, and heat
exhaustion.
Heat Cramps
Heat cramps are painful muscle spasms usually occurring in
the legs or abdomen.
Care:
Move to a cool place
Give the person a sports drink or water
Lightly stretch the cramped muscle and massage surrounding
area
Heat Exhaustion
Heat exhaustion is fatigue caused by an overexposure to
extreme heat.
Signs: Cool, pale skin, headaches, nausea, dizziness, weakness,
exhaustion.
Care:
Move person to a cool place
Remove/loosen clothing
Apply cool wet cloths
Heat Exhaustion
Care:
Move person to a cool place
Remove/loosen clothing
Apply cool wet cloths
Spray person with water or fan them
Give the person small amounts of cool sports drink or water
If condition does not get better or worsens call 911
Heat Stroke
Heat stroke occurs when the body overheats and begins to
stop functioning.
Signs:
Extremely high body temperature, red skin, changes in
consciousness, vomiting, rapid weak pulse, rapid shallow
breathing, confusion, seizures
Heat Stroke
Care:
Call 911 as a heat stroke is life threatening
Immerse the person in cold water or
Douse or spray with cold water or
Cover person with ice or
Cover person in cold, wet towels
Cold Related Emergencies
Cold related emergencies are caused by overexposure to
extreme cold conditions.
This can lead to hypothermia and frostbite
Frostbite
Frostbite is the freezing of a body part that is exposed to the
cold.
The severity of frostbite depends on the temperature, length
of exposure, and wind speed.
Frostbite can lead to the loss of fingers, arms, toes, or legs.
Signs of frostbite include cold skin, numbness in affected
area, discolored skin (yellow, blue, or black).
Frostbite
Care:
Always handle the affected area carefully.
For minor frostbite warm the area with skin to skin contact.
For more serious frostbite, gently soak affected area in
water no warmer than 105 degrees. Let soak for 20-30 mins.
Loosely bandage area with dry sterile dressings.
Place cloth between frostbitten toes and fingers.
Hypothermia
Hypothermia is the lowering of the body’s core temperature
to a point in which the body becomes impaired.
Hypothermia can occur in even wet and windy
environments.
Signs of hypothermia include shivering, numbness, glassy
stare, and loss of consciousness.
Hypothermia
Care:
Call 911 if you suspect severe hypothermia.
Move to a warm place, remove wet clothing, and dry person.
Gradually warm the body by wrapping in blankets and
plastic sheets to trap heat inside.
Keep the head covered.
Give person warm liquids.
Lesson 4: Soft Tissue Injuries
Lesson Objectives:
- Identify signals of various soft tissue and musculoskeletal
injuries
- Describe how to care for various soft tissue and
musculoskeletal injuries
- Demonstrate how to control external bleeding
Soft Tissue Injuries
Soft tissue injuries include both open and closed wounds.
When caring for open wounds be sure to always wear
gloves and eye wear if you suspect the blood to
spray/splatter.
Bruises
A bruise is caused by impact to the body and results in
ruptured blood cells collecting under the surface of the skin.
Bruises will often turn black and blue as they heal.
To treat a bruise apply ice and have your mommy kiss it.
Nosebleeds
A nosebleed is the of a blow to the head or face.
Most nosebleeds are not serious and can be treated in
minutes.
To stop the bleeding lean head slightly forward and pinch
the upper nostrils for 10 minutes. If bleeding still continues
press firmly on the upper lip while pinching nostrils.
Nosebleeds
A nosebleed is the of a blow to the head or face.
Most nosebleeds are not serious and can be treated in
minutes.
To stop the bleeding lean head slightly forward and pinch
the upper nostrils for 10 minutes. If bleeding still continues
press firmly on the upper lip while pinching nostrils.
Cuts and Scrapes
Cuts and scrapes are open wounds and require special treatment.
Always wear gloves when dealing with open wounds.
Cover the wound with a dressing and apply pressure until
bleeding stops.
Apply a bandage over the dressing and wrap firmly. If bleeding
seeps through bandage do not remove, just add more dressings
and bandages.
Stitches are required for deep or wide cuts.
Burns
Burns are classified by their depth. The deeper the burn, the
more serious it is.
Call 911 if the person with the burn:
Has trouble breathing.
Has burns covering more than one body part or a large
portion of the body.
Has burns to the head, neck, hands, feet, or genitals.
Tuesday
February 2, 2016
Do Now: How do you care for a person with heat
exhaustion? How do you care for someone with
hypothermia?
Learning Target: I can identify the signs of environmental
emergencies and explain how to provide care.
I can explain how to care for various soft tissue injuries.
Success Criteria: I am listening to instructions and adding the
important information into my First Aid Manual.
Lesson 5: Injury to Muscles, Bones, and
Joints
Lesson Objectives:
-
Identify signals of head, neck, and spinal injuries
Explain how to care for muscle, bone, or joint injuries
Explain how to care for head, neck, and spinal injuries
Explain how to care for muscle, bone, or joint injuries
Injury to Head, Neck, and Spine
Although injuries to the head, neck, and spine account for only a
small fraction of all injuries, they can cause neurological damage
or even death.
The head holds the most important organ in the body, the brain.
The spine travels from the head to the lower back and provides
support for the rest of the body.
When caring for someone with a suspected injury to the
head/neck/spine keep the person still. Ask for verbal answers, no
head shaking.
Injury to Head, Neck, and Spine
Care:
If you find someone with a head/neck/spine injury do not
move them.
Keep the head in the position you found it.
Try to stabilize and support the head in place.
Do not remove any helmets, hats, or face shields from the
person.
Get professional help - 911
Concussions
Concussions are brain injuries caused by a blow to the head
or the rapid shaking of the head and body.
Concussions can be life threatening if not treated correctly.
There are multiple levels of seriousness which require
different rehabilitation.
Stop all physical activity and seek medical help immediately
if you suspect a person to have a concussion.
Concussions
Signs:
Confusion
Headache
Memory Loss
Loss of Consciousness
Nausea
Speech Problems
Blurred Vision or Light Sensitivity
Concussions
Care:
Remove from activity
Question the person ( name, location, date, repeat sentences )
Stay in front of the person at remain at eye/head level
Watch closely
Seek medical help
Wednesday
February 3, 2016
Do Now: How do you treat a concussion?
Learning Target: I can correctly diagnose an injury and
create a splint/sling to support that injury.
Success Criteria: I am using my textbook as a guide for
teaching me to splint an injured limb.
Splinting
Splinting is used to support a broken limb for transport to a
medical facility.
The main types of splints include:
Anatomic Splint
Soft Splint
Rigid Splint
Sling and Binder
Anatomic Splint
Textbook Page 142-143
Soft Splint
Textbook Page 144-145
Rigid Splint
Textbook Page 146-147
Sling and Binder
Textbook Page 148-149
Friday
February 5, 2016
Do Now: How do you create an anatomic splint?
Learning Target: I can correctly identify the signs of choking
and take steps to help the choking person.
Success Criteria: I am practicing my moves while paying
attention to my instructor.
Lesson 6: Breathing Emergencies
Lesson Objectives:
- Recognize the signals of a breathing emergency
- Demonstrate how to care for a person who is choking
Breathing Emergencies
A breathing emergency occurs when a person is having
trouble breathing or cannot breathe at all.
Can be caused by injury, illness, or disease.
If untreated these emergencies can turn into cardiac
emergencies.
Breathing Emergencies
SignalsNoisy Breathing
Rapid or Slow Patterns
Unusually moist or cool skin
Dizziness or Light-Headed
Pain in Chest
Tingling in hands, feet, or lips
Apprehensive feelings
Breathing Emergencies
Common Causes-
Choking
Illness
Asthma
Electrocution
Irregular Heartbeat
Heart Attack
Injury to head, neck, back, or chest
Allergic Reaction
Drug Overdose
Drowning
Breathing Emergencies
More Causes-
Trying to swallow large pieces of food
Drinking alcohol before or during meals ( dulls nerves that aid in
swallowing )
Wearing dentures
Eating while talking or laughing
Eating too fast
Walking or playing with food in mouth
Putting things that don’t belong in your mouth
Being stupid
Breathing Emergencies
Common Killers-
Round, firm foods like hotdogs and carrots
Hard, gooey, or sticky candy
Grapes
Popcorn
Chewing Gum
Vitamins
Marbles
Coins
Pen/Marker caps
Small Batteries
Breathing Emergencies
CareTalk to the person ( If they can speak they can breathe )
Encourage person to continue coughing
Back Blows
Heimlich Maneuver ( Abdominal Thrust )
Back Blows
1- Bend person over at waist
2- Stand to side
3- Using palm thrust down
and forward on mid-back
Abdominal Thrust
1- Stand behind person
2- Reach around and locate belly
button
3- Place back of thumb just
above belly button
4- Make a fist and grab your fist
with other hand
5- Thrust fists upward into
abdomen
Breathing Emergencies
Care for Unconscious Person
Open the Airway
Look, Listen, Feel
911
Chest Compressions ( 30 )
Look for Object
Rescue Breaths