
*Provide Required Annual
Safety Training for Personnel at
the CTRC

Personnel and Responsibilities
* CTRC Director- Dr Timothy Murphy
* CTRC Manager- Dr. Richard Karalus
* UB Biosafety Officer- David Pawlowski, Ph.D
* UB Radiation Safety Officer- Jeff Slawson
* Environmental Programs Manager- Brian Foti
* Chemical Hygiene Officer, Hazardous Materials
Manager- Anthony Oswald
* Environmental Health and Safety Services 829-3301
* Employer (PI) responsibilities
* Employee responsibilities
*PIs bear full responsibility for safety in
their laboratories
 Fire Safety
*

During a fire



Turn off oxygen, gas, and
electrical equipment in the
affected area
USE THE STAIRS –
NEVER USE THE
ELEVATORS
Know primary and secondary
evacuation routes
*
* Bunsen Burners/open flame
devices should be used only
when necessary and should
always be attended.
* Consider bacticinerators and
micro burners as alternatives to
Bunsen Burners.
* Biosafety Cabinets - open
flames are NOT recommended.
They can damage the HEPA
filter and cause a fire.
*
*Extension cords are not
permitted for permanent
applications
*Space heaters must be
equipped with tip over shutoff
devices
*Daisy Chained power strips are
not permitted
*Maintain a minimum of
18"
between boxes and ceiling

Safety Equipment
*Fire alarm pull stations
*Each stairwell entrance
*CRC
*Fire extinguishers
*Emergency showers
*Emergency eye wash stations
*AEDs near SW corner of each floor
*First aid kits
Know locations of safety equipment
*Fire Safety
*Fire alarm pull stations are
located by each stair well
*Fire alarms will include both
strobe and audio alarms
*CTRC alarms only alarm floor
involved and the adjacent floors
*Only alarming floors are
required to evacuate unless
otherwise advised
*
* Fire Extinguishers:
* Located in most laboratories
* Do not obstruct or conceal
fire extinguishers
* Located in hallways
throughout CTRC
* Know where your nearest
fire extinguisher is
*
*
When using remember P.A.S.S.
P = Pull the pin
A = Aim at base of fire about 8-10ft away
S = Squeeze the trigger
S = Sweep side to side
*
“How to Use” instructions
can be found on the
fire extinguisher label
*
USE ONLY IF FIRE IS SMALL AND IF
YOU HAVE HAD TRAINING ON ITS USE
*Fire:
R = Rescue
R.A.C.E.
Rescue people in the
immediate area
A = Announce
Announce the fire verbally
Activate the alarm
C = Confine
Confine fire by
Closing doors
E = Evacuate
Evacuate the floor,
Extinguish if
a small fire
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Biosafety levels
* BSL-1
* Organisms that do not normally cause human infections
* BSL-2
* Organisms that cause human infections of
morbidity/mortality
* Potential for aerosol transmission
low
* BSL-3
* Organisms that cause human infections of
morbidity/mortality
* Aerosol transmission
high
* BSL-4
* Organisms of
extremely high morbidity/mortality for which there
are no treatments
* Aerosol or unknown transmission

General Safety
*General laboratory rules
* Eating, drinking, smoking or the use of
other tobacco
products or cosmetics is strictly prohibited
* The application or removal of contact lenses is forbidden
* Storage of these items in the laboratory is prohibited
* Mouth pipetting is strictly prohibited
* Open toed shoes are not permitted
*Minimize aerosols
*Wash Hands

Personal Protective Equipment
*Should never serve as primary protection
*Appropriate for risk
*Minimum
* Disposable surgical gloves
* Nitrile (recommended)
* Latex
* Eye protection
* Splash
* UV/other radiation
* Lab Coat
*Respirators (may require fit testing and medical
clearance- contact EH&S)
* Particulate (N95, PAPR, P-100)
* Chemical cartridge (activated charcoal, chlorine, etc)
*Hearing
*PPE Rules to Remember

Always check PPE for defects or tears before
using

If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and
replace

Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated
area

Contaminated PPE should be removed and
disposed of in biohazard containers

Do not reuse disposable equipment

Engineering Controls
(Facilities and Equipment that enhance safety)
* HVAC negative pressure
* Fume hoods
* Use with volatile chemicals or non-infectious
substances that pose an aerosol risk
* Toxic powders
Note: The use of biological agents in a fume
hood is prohibited.
* Use Biosafety cabinets with BSL-2 (or
higher) agents where an aerosol hazard
exists
* Electrical Protection,
* GFI
* Sound cabinets
* sonicators

Biosafety Cabinets
* General Operation
* Types
* Class I- no longer used
* Class II type A/B3- 70% recirculation, 30% exhaust into room
(type A); or thimble connected to building HVAC- negative
pressure plenum (type B3)
* Class II type B1- Cabinet air is 40% recirculated, hard ducted to
HVAC, can be used with minute amounts of chemicals.
* Class II type B2- 100% exhaust can be used with small amounts of
chemicals, plenum is totally under negative pressure.
* Class III- glovebox
*Must be certified at least annually- PI responsibility
*





Do not store chemicals or equipment
in fume hoods
Use appropriate PPE
Use with sash in
proper position
Check for proper
airflow before using
(e.g., “tissue on sash alarm”)
Report any diminished
airflow to Building Manager (888-4730)

*The Lab supervisor/PI is required to
provide lab specific safety training to staff
working in their in their lab(s)
*Laboratory Specific training should
supplement general training on laboratory
specific hazards and safety procedures
*Additional specific training (radiation safety,
animal handling, etc.) may also be required
NOTE: The PI is responsible for safety
in his/her laboratory
*
*Your Exposure Potential
 Laboratory accidents
 Sharps
 Spills
 [Animal exposure (LAF Occupational
Exposure Medical Plan)]*
 Handling of human (animal*) samples
 Handling of any waste products
 First aid administration
 Post-accident cleanup
 Janitorial or maintenance work
*Animal
tissues and fluids are not included in the official OSHA BloodBorne
Pathogen Standard, but pose similar risks and are thus included in this discussion
 Common Bloodborne
Pathogens
*Hepatitis B(HBV)
*Hepatitis C(HCV)
*Human
Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)

Potentially Infectious Substances
*Human (and Animal*)
*Blood
*Skin and tissue
*Cell cultures
*Saliva
*Vomit
*Urine
*Semen and vaginal secretions
*Any bodily fluid or substance
*Universal Precautions

Treat all blood and bodily
fluids and samples as if
they are contaminated

Proper cleanup and
decontamination

Dispose of contaminated
materials in the proper
biohazard containers

Use of proper PPE
*Hand Washing

Wash hands immediately
after removing PPE and
before leaving laboratory

Use a soft antibacterial
soap


Do not use bleach
A hand sanitizer can be
used, but wash with soap
and water as soon as
possible.

Medical Program
*Vaccinations
*Hepatitis B
*Animal Handling*
*(LAF Occupational Exposure
Medical Plan)
*Exotic agents
*Exposure Incident

OSHA requirement: Each lab should
have a written, lab specific Exposure
Control Plan (template available at
EH&S website)

An exposure is a specific incident of
contact with potentially infectious bodily
fluid

If there are no infiltrations of mucous
membranes or open skin surfaces, it is
not considered an occupational
exposure

Report all accidents involving blood or
bodily fluids to your superior and UB
EH&S

Post-exposure medical evaluations must
be offered (personal physician or clinic)
*Post-Exposure Evaluation




Confidential medical evaluation

Provide results to exposed
employee

File C2 workers accident form
with NYS Workers
Compensation Board (1-866396-8314)
Document route of exposure
Identify source individual
Test source individual’s blood
(with individual’s consent)
*Hepatitis B Vaccination
Strongly endorsed by
medical communities
Offered to all employees
working with bloodborne
hazards- must be
documented
Provided at no cost to
employees
Declination form
*Decontamination


Wear appropriate PPE

Cover contaminated area with
disinfectant, allow appropriate
contact time, and wipe up

Dispose of all wipes in
biohazard containers
When decontaminating
surfaces use appropriate
disinfectant
 Chemical Decontamination
* Know the proper decontaminant and proper usage
for each agent
Common Examples:
* Bleach (sodium hypochlorite)
* 1:10 dilution 5.25% household bleach (5,000 ppm free chlorine)
* 30 minute exposure time
* 2 week shelf life (diluted)
* 6 month shelf life (undiluted)
* Corrosive to metal
* Ethanol
* 70%
* Rapidly bactericidal
* Noncorrosive
* Flammable
* Not sporicidal
* Unable to kill hydrophilic viruses
* May increase latex permeability to viruses

Autoclave Use
*Operation
* 121o C for a minimum of 20 minutes.
* Bags should be no more than 2/3 full
* Bags should not be completely sealed
during autoclaving
* Bags should be placed in a container
capable of containing any contents that
may leak from them
* Validation
* An indicator must be present in each load
(autoclave tape, steam strip, spore test)

*Required on each research lab
door
*Quick reference in case
of an emergency or an
issue concerning safety
*Fillable order form available on
EH&S site:
http://www.facilitiesbuffalo.org/Departments/ehs/
EHSForms
*Reviewed and updated annually
or whenever a significant change
takes place
*
* Report any suspicious individuals
immediately to Kaleida Security (8592196)
* Report any lost, missing, or stolen
hazardous materials (biologicals,
chemicals, radioactive materials, etc.)
to EH&S (829-3301)
* Report any lost, stolen, or found keys,
or any failures of the security doors
immediately to Kaleida Security and
the CTRC Manager (888-4730)
*
Security is only as strong as
the occupants wish it to be
* No tailgating
(one swipe card = one person in)
* Doors should not be propped open
* If someone looks out of place, ask if
need assistance
* Do not leave valuables in the open
* Lock doors when rooms are vacant
they

*
*Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) [Workplace]
*New York State Department of
Labor
(DOL) [private firms]
*Public Employee Safety and Health
Bureau (PESH)- NYS employees
*National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA) [Fire Protection and Storage]
*
Hazardous waste generators must comply with
regulations enforced by these agencies:
*Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
*New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC)
*Department of
Transportation (DOT)
*
*Flash point <100°F (Combustible - Flash Point
>100-200°F)
*Fire/Explosion Hazard
*Keep Sparks and Flames Away
*Examples
*Acetone, Ethanol, Methanol
*
*Release Large Amounts of Energy
*React Violently with Water or Air
*React with Other Chemicals to Produce Toxic
Gases
*Rapid Pressure Build-up/Explosion Potential
*Unstable/Readily Undergoes Change
*Examples:
*Calcium Hydride, Sodium Metal, and Organic Peroxides
*
*Acids or Alkalis (Bases)
*Destructive to Tissue
*Generates Heat During Reactions
*Examples:
*Hydrochloric Acid, Potassium Hydroxide, Hydrofluoric
acid
*
*Allergic Reaction
*Repeated exposure may worsen reaction
*Individuals React Differently!
*Severity Depends on Sensitivity, Potency,
Concentration, and Duration
*Examples:
* Poison Ivy, Chromic Acid, Nickel
*
*Inhalation
*Skin Contact
*Dermal Absorption
*Mucosal surfaces
*Breaks in the Skin
*Ingestion
*Injection (Sharps)
*
*Hepatotoxins - Liver
*Nephrotoxins - Kidney
*Lungs
*Teratogen - Reproductive
Toxins
*Mutagen - Cellular
*Blood and Lymph System
*Immune System
*Neurotoxins- Nervous System
*
*Eye discomfort
*Breathing difficulty
*Dizziness
*Headache
*Nausea
*Vomiting
*Skin irritation
*
*Acute
*Short-term Exposure
*Immediate or slightly delayed health effects
*Chronic
*Long-term Exposure
*Delayed effects
*
ONE
YEAR
ONE
HOUR
 How to Control Hazards
 Risk assessment
 Recognize hazards
 Evaluate and minimize risks
 Control hazards
Frequency
Catastrophic
Frequent
Probable
Occasional
Remote
Improbable
1
2
4
8
12
Hazard Category1
Critical
Marginal
3
5
6
10
15
Negligible
7
9
11
14
17
Hazard Risk Index
Review Criteria
1-5
6-9
10-17
18-20
Unacceptable
Undesirable
Acceptable with Review by Biosafety Officer
Acceptable without review
13
16
18
19
20
*
*Signs
*Labels
*Tags
*Training
*Plan ahead
*Experience
*
*Chemical Inventory
(required)
*Information on Hazards
*MSDS (required in every lab)
* Note that MSDS’ are being
transitioned to Safety Data Sheets
(SDSs) from June-December 2015
* MSDs ≠ SDSs
*Internet
*Literature
*
*Cannot take an MSDS and call it an SDS!
*16 specific sections, must be in order
*Sections 12-15 not being enforced
*Include Tox/Disposal/Transport/Reg.
*Outside OSHA jurisdiction
*May be paper or electronic
*Provide in English or other languages
Info
*
* Sec. 1: Identification;
* Sec. 2: Hazard identification;
* Sec. 3: Composition/information on ingredients;
* Sec. 4: First aid measures;
* Sec. 5: Fire-fighting measures;
* Sec. 6: Accidental release measures;
* Sec. 7: Handling and storage;
* Sec. 8: Exposure control/personal protection;
* Sec. 9: Physical and chemical properties;
* Sec. 10: Stability and reactivity;
* Sec. 11: Toxicological information;
* Sec. 12*: Ecological information;
* Sec. 13*: Disposal considerations;
* Sec. 14*: Transport information;
* Sec. 15*: Regulatory information; and
* Sec. 16: Other information, including date of preparation or
most recent revision.
*
HCS Pictograms and Hazards
Health Hazard
•Carcinogen
•Mutagenicity
•Reproductive Toxicity
•Respiratory Sensitizer
•Target Organ Toxicity
•Aspiration Toxicity
Flame
•Flammables
•Pyrophorics
•Self-Heating
•Emits Flammable Gas
•Self-Reactives
•Organic Peroxides
Exclamation Mark
•Irritant (skin and eye)
•Skin Sensitizer
•Acute Toxicity
•Narcotic Effects
•Respiratory Tract Irritant
•Hazardous to Ozone Layer (Non-Mandatory)
Gas Cylinder
•Gases Under Pressure
Corrosion
•Skin Corrosion/Burns
•Eye Damage
•Corrosive to Metals
Exploding Bomb
•Explosives
•Self-Reactives
•Organic Peroxides
Flame Over Circle
•Oxidizers
Environment
(Non-Mandatory)
•Aquatic Toxicity
•
Skull and Crossbones
Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)
*
*Symbols (Pictograms)
*Signal words
“Danger” or
Warning” –
emphasize hazards,
level of severity
*Hazard Statements –
standard phrases
*Precautionary
Statements
*
*Chemical Hygiene Plan (available from
EH&S)
*Written Policies and SOPs
*Emergency Procedures
*After Hours Policy – No Working Alone
*
*Keep Containers Closed When Not in Use
*Avoid Contact with Incompatible Materials
*Only Transfer to Approved Containers
*Clean Up Spills, Dispose of Waste Properly
*Label Containers
*
*Store Chemicals Properly
*Bond (Ground) All Receiving Containers
*Store Quantities in Approved Storage Rooms
and Cabinets
*Keep Away from Ignition Sources

*
Please remember:
* Do not attempt to clean up any hazardous spill yourself
unless you are properly trained and have the capability to
do so!
* Notify staff
in the immediate area and the appropriate
safety staff and post the area with signs alerting people
of the spill
* Contain spill if possible
* Biological or Chemical: Evacuate lab
Radioactive: Stay at lab doorway
* Wait for instructions
*
* Remove any contaminated clothing or personal
protective equipment (PPE)- do not track the spill
* If necessary, use emergency shower or eyewash
* Contain spill if possible
* Each laboratory is responsible for maintaining spill
kits that address their specific hazards (biological,
acids, bases, formaldehyde and solvents plus general
sorbents (Available from EH&S $45, replenish at no
cost)
* Call EH&S at 829-3301 during working hours
* Call Kaleida Security (859-2196) after hours
* Remain near lab for instructions and to provide
information when proper response personnel arrive
*
*Large Spills
*Greater than 1 liter
*Mercury greater than
amount in a standard
thermometer
*Response
*Evacuate Area
*Close doors to prevent
people from entering
*Call for assistance
*Secure area until proper
response personnel arrive
*Small Spills
*Remove people from
area
*If anyone requires first
aid, see to them first
*Isolate/secure the spill
area
*Proceed to clean up with
spill kit
*Dispose of as hazardous
waste
*
* Remove any contaminated clothing & PPE.
Wash contaminated skin with warm soapy
water.
* Notify staff
and post the area of the spill and
contact Radiation Safety (829-3281)
* Contain and/or shield spill if possible
* Stay at lab door until monitored for
contamination.
Note: Additional training is required to work
with radioactive materials or radiation
generating equipment.
*
*
Biological Waste:
*
Stericycle is the waste disposal provider at CTRCEACH LAB MUST SET UP AN ACCOUNT
*
*
*
*
Line biohazard box with red bag (rm 6068 and 6015)
*
*
*
*
Seal full boxes with packing tape
Place all non-sharp biohazardous waste into red bag
Use plastic sharps containers for all sharps
Place sealed full sharps containers into red bag lined
box and indicate sharps on the outer label
Place account sticker on outside of box
Boxes should not weigh over 50 pounds
Boxes can be transported to room 6015 for pickup
*

Lined multi-ply cardboard box for
uncontaminated glass

Properly labeled heavy gauge plastic
sharps container for contaminated
sharps


Needles, scalpels, etc.


Do not clip or recap needles
Put in sharps container in lab
Broken glassware

Use tongs or broom and shovel to pick up
*
*“It’s Not a Waste Until I Say It’s a Waste”
*“I Can Just React It and Pour It Down the
Sink”
*“Training and Records Aren’t a High Priority”
*“Just put the bottle in the fume hood and take
the cap off…”
*“The solution to pollution is dilution”
*
A Container That Held Any Hazardous Waste Is RCRA Empty If :
All Wastes Have Been Removed That Can Be Removed
For Acutely Hazardous Wastes *The container IS hazardous waste, OR
*Container has been triple rinsed using an
appropriate solvent and rinsate is
collected for proper disposal
*
To show that the empty container no longer
contains hazardous materials:
 Remove the Label or



Completely Deface It with a
Marker or
Tape Over the Label, and …
Place a “RCRA Empty” Label
on the container:
*
Is the Material a Hazardous Waste?
*On a US EPA List or:
*Fits Hazardous Waste Definition
*Ignitable
*Corrosive
*Toxic
*Reactive
*
Front
*
Back (Peel and Stick)
*
Hazardous Chemical Waste:
 Collect waste in appropriately labeled container (labels
available from CTRC Manager and EH&S)
 Containers must be capped
 Containers undamaged, free of leaks and spills
 Containers properly stored within secondary containment
 Incompatible wastes segregated in separate secondary
containment
 Base under containers in good condition
 Download “Request for Hazardous Waste Disposal”
electronic form on UB EH&S website, fill in by hand and
fax or email a scanned copy to EH&S
 Questions can be directed to UB EH&S (829-3301)
*
Perform Weekly
*Are containers:
*Labeled?
*Capped?
*Undamaged, free of leaks and spills?
*Properly stored within secondary containment?
*Incompatible wastes segregated in separate
secondary containment?
*Base under containers in good condition?
*Keep Inspection Records for 3 Years
*
*
Radioactive Waste:

Collect in appropriate
labeled & shielded
(i.e., if needed) container

Separate containers for:

Type (e.g., dry, liquid,
scintillation fluid)


Nuclide (e.g., H-3, I-125, P-32)
Call Radiation Safety (829-3281) for
instructions
Note: Additional training is required to work
with radioactive materials or radiation
generating equipment


*
Under no circumstances may a container
labeled with the international radioactive
symbol, biohazard symbol or with the words
“hazardous waste” be disposed of in the
regular trash
Label must be removed or defaced
*
*Major- Go to BGMC Emergency
Department or call Kaleida Security (8592196)
*Minor- Notify supervisor and go to BGMC
Emergency Department or personal
physician
*AEDs and first aid kits are located on each
floor near kitchenette/conference roomsknow where they are.
*First aid can only be performed by
individuals who have proper training

Documentation
*Biological Hygiene Plan- under revision
* Organization and administration
* General operating procedures
* General safety procedures
* Personal protective equipment
* Emergency response
*Chemical Hygiene Plan
*Procedure Specific SOPs
*Employee Records
* Employee right to know
* Privacy

Emergency plans
*Spills
*Emergency contacts
*CTRC- Kaleida Security859-2196
*EH&S- 829-3301
*Fire evacuation route
*Exposures

References
*
UB Environment, Health, and Safety: http://www.facilitiesbuffalo.org/Departments/ehs
*
*
*
*
OSHA, www.osha.gov
*
*
American Biological Safety Association: http://www.absa.org/index.html
*
APIC guidelines for disinfectant use (Amer. J Inf. Contr., vol 24, No. 4, pp313-342,
August 1996)
*
Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance (Clin Mic Rev, Jan.
1999, p. 147–179 Vol. 12, No. 1)
*
Health Canada MSDLs: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/msds-ftss/index.html
EPA, www.epa.gov
Safety in Academic Chemistry Laboratories (American Chemical Society)
Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories- Fifth edition:
http://www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/biosfty/bmbl5/bmbl5toc.htm
OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard:
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDAR
DS&p_id=10051