PART 01 1. AAE (Advances Against Exchange) 2. ABC classification method 3. abnormal gain 4. abnormal losses 5. abnormal spoilage 6. absorption costing 7. account analysis method 8. account statement 9. accounting rate of return 10. Accounts payable 11. accrual accounting rate-of-return (AARR) 12. accrual basis 13. accrued 14. action controls 15. activity 16. activity cost centre 17. activity cost drivers 18. activity measure 19. activity-based budgeting (ABB) 20. activity-based cost management 21. activity-based costing (ABC) 22. activity-based management (ABM) 23. actual cost 24. actual costing 25. advances 26. advertising 27. affiliated 28. aims 29. allocate 30. allocation base 31. allowable costs 32. allowance 33. amalgamation 34. amendment 35. ammunition machine 36. Annuity method of depreciation 37. answer machine 38. anticipated profit 39. appeal 40. applicable 41. apportionment 42. appraisal costs 43. arbitrage 44. arbitrary allocation 45. architect's certificate 46. articles of incorporation 47. artificial cost 48. artificial person 49. aspiration level 50. assets - ativoattached 51. assignable causes 52. attainable standards 53. attention directing 54. attorney 55. attorney-at-law 56. audit adjustment 57. auditing 58. autonomy 59. average cost 60. average waiting time 61. average 62. avoidable cost 63. back to back 64. back flush costing 65. bad debt 66. bailout 67. balance of payments 68. Balance sheet 69. balance sheet – 70. balanced scorecard 71. balancing allowance 72. balancing charge 73. bankrupt 74. bankruptcy 75. barrister 76. basic cost standards 77. batch costing 78. batch production functional layout 79. batch-level costs 80. batch-related activities 81. behavioral controls 82. benchmarking 83. bid bond 84. bidder 85. bill of materials 86. blanket overhead rate 87. bonus 88. book entry 89. book value 90. book value 91. borrower 92. borrowing 93. bottleneck 94. bottom-up budget setting 95. bounded rationality 96. branch 97. brand-sustaining expenses 98. breach of contract 99. break-even chart 100. breakeven point 101. break-even point 102. budget 103. budget 104. budgetary slack 105. budget-constrained style 106. budgeted activity 107. budgeted costs 108. budgeted hours of input 109. budgeted hours of output 110. budgeted indirect-cost rate 111. budgeted overhead rates 112. budgeting 113. buildings 114. bundled product 115. business and sustaining activities PART 02 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. business corporation (EUA) business day business function costs business process re-engineering buying commission bylaws byproduct cable transfer capacity usage ratio capital allowances capital asset pricing model capital budgeting capital expenditure capital market line capital rationing carrying costs cash basis cash book cash budget cash payment cash cash-flow cause-and-effect allocations cause-and-effect diagram cellular manufacturing certificate management accountant (CMA) certificate of incorporation chart of accounts checking account chief financial officer (CFO) choice criterion clan controls close corporation COD (cash on delivery) coefficient of determination coefficient of variation collection commercial law commission – committed costs committed resources commodity exchange common cost common law – common share common stock compensation complaint complete reciprocated cost 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. 200. 201. 202. 203. 204. 205. 206. 207. 208. 209. 210. 211. 212. 213. complexity-related costs composite product unit compound interest compounding interest conclusive pricing conference method conformance quality constant gross profit percentage method constant gross-margin percentage NRV method constraint contingency theory continuous budgeting continuous improvement continuous improvement budgeted cost contract costing contribution graph contribution income statement contribution margin contribution margin per unit contribution margin percentage contribution margin ratio control account control chart controllability controllability principle controllable contribution controllable cost controllable investment controllable usage variance controller conversion cost copyright corporate ethics corporate name corporate objectives corporate planning corporation correlation correlation coefficient correspondent bank cost cost accounting cost accounting standards board (CASB) cost accumulation cost allocation cost application base cost assignment cost center cost driver cost efficient 214. 215. 216. 217. 218. 219. 220. 221. 222. 223. 224. 225. 226. 227. 228. 229. cost estimation cost function cost hierarchy cost incurrence cost leadership cost management cost measures cost object cost obviation concept cost of capital cost of goods manufactured cost of prediction error cost of quality (COQ) cost of quality report cost of resources supplied cost of resources used PART 03 230. 231. 232. 233. 234. 235. 236. 237. 238. 239. 240. 241. 242. 243. 244. 245. 246. 247. 248. 249. 250. 251. 252. 253. 254. 255. 256. 257. 258. 259. 260. 261. 262. 263. 264. 265. 266. 267. 268. 269. 270. 271. 272. 273. 274. 275. 276. 277. cost of sales cost of unused capacity cost of work certified cost pool cost predictions cost smoothing cost tracing cost-allocation base cost-benefit analysis cost-benefit analysis cost-benefit approach cost-plus and mark-up transfer prices cost-plus pricing costs of non-compliance costs of non-conformance costs of quality compliance costs of quality conformance cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis counsel CPA (Certified Public Accountant) credit criminal law cultural controls cumulative average-time learning model current assets current cost current liabilities current customer cost hierarchy customer life-cycle costs customer perspective customer profitability analysis customer retention rate customer service customer-response time customer-sustaining activities customs broker cybernetic system cycle time cycle time measures DBA (doing business as) dead file dealer debit debt assumption debt decentralization decision model 278. 279. 280. 281. 282. 283. 284. 285. 286. 287. 288. 289. 290. 291. 292. 293. 294. 295. 296. 297. 298. 299. 300. 301. 302. 303. 304. 305. 306. 307. 308. 309. 310. 311. 312. 313. 314. 315. 316. 317. 318. 319. 320. 321. 322. 323. 324. 325. 326. 327. decision package decision table decision tree decision-relevant approach decreasing returns to scale default defaulter – defective work deferred deficit degree of operating leverage demand deposit denominator level denominator-level variance Department of the Treasury (US) dependent variable depositary depreciation tax shields depreciation – design of products, services, or processes designed-in costs dialogue machine differential cash flow differential cost differential revenue direct allocation method direct cost direct costing direct costs of a cost object direct labor direct labor direct labor hour rate direct manufacturing labor costs direct material costs direct materials direct materials inventory direct materials mix variance direct materials percentage method direct materials yield variance direct method direct wages percentage method discount rate discount rate of return discounted cash flow discounted cash flow (DCF) method discounted payback method discounted present value discounting discretionary costs discretionary expense centers 328. 329. 330. 331. 332. 333. 334. 335. 336. 337. 338. 339. 340. 341. 342. 343. 344. distribution divisional contribution divisional net profit before taxes divisionalized organizational structure down payment downsizing downward demand spiral draft dual pricing dual-rate cost-allocation method dual-rate transfer pricing due date dues dumping duration drivers dysfunctional decision making earnings PART 04 345. 346. 347. 348. 349. 350. 351. 352. 353. 354. 355. 356. 357. 358. 359. 360. 361. 362. 363. 364. 365. 366. 367. 368. 369. 370. 371. 372. 373. 374. 375. 376. 377. 378. 379. 380. 381. 382. 383. 384. 385. 386. 387. 388. 389. 390. 391. 392. economic order quantity (EOQ) economic value added (EVA) effectiveness effectiveness tests efficiency efficiency tests efficiency variance effort embezzlement employee empowerment employee enclosed engineered costs engineered targets engineering methods engineering studies entertainment entity – entry – EPP (export prepayment) equity – equivalent annual cost method equivalent production equivalent units estimated net realizable value (NRV) method event ex post budget adjustments ex post variance analysis exchange broker exchange rate excise tax executive officer expected monetary value expected net present value expected value expected value of perfect information expense centers experience curve expired export tax external failure costs facilities facility-sustaining activities facility-sustaining costs factory overhead costs favorable variance feedback feedback control 393. 394. 395. 396. 397. 398. 399. 400. 401. 402. 403. 404. 405. 406. 407. 408. 409. 410. 411. 412. 413. 414. 415. 416. 417. 418. 419. 420. 421. 422. 423. 424. 425. 426. 427. 428. 429. 430. 431. 432. 433. 434. 435. 436. 437. 438. 439. 440. 441. 442. feedback loop feed-forward control fees figure file taxes final products finance director financial accounting financial budget financial perspective financial planning models financial year financial finished goods inventory finished goods first in, first out (FIFO) first stage allocation bases first-in, first-out (FIFO) process-costing method fiscal year fixed assets fixed cost fixed interest rate fixed overhead expenditure variance fixed overhead flexible-budget variance flexible budget flexible resources flexible-budget variance foreign debt foreign exchange policy foreign exchange – foreign form freight – full cost full cost transfer prices full costing full costs of the product functional analysis functional organizational structure furniture – further processing costs GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) – gain or loss garbage-can model of decision-making GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) general partnership general rate of inflation generic strategy GNP (Gross National Product) goal congruence 443. 444. 445. 446. 447. 448. 449. 450. 451. 452. 453. 454. 455. 456. 457. 458. 459. goals goals of the organization goodness-of-fit goods received note goodwill grace period gross income gross margin percentage gross – growth component guarantor handling hard capital rationing hard currency head office – headquarters high-low method PART 05 460. 461. 462. 463. 464. 465. 466. 467. 468. 469. 470. 471. 472. 473. 474. 475. 476. 477. 478. 479. 480. 481. 482. 483. 484. 485. 486. 487. 488. 489. 490. 491. 492. 493. 494. 495. 496. 497. 498. 499. 500. 501. 502. 503. 504. 505. 506. 507. historical targets holding costs homogeneous cost pool hurdle rate hybrid costing system IASC (International Accounting Standards Committee) idea machine ideal standard idle time idle IMF (International Monetary Fund) import duty imputed costs income tax refund income tax return income taxes income incongruent decision making increase increasing returns to scale incremental budgeting incremental cash flow incremental cost incremental cost-allocation method incremental revenue incremental revenue-allocation method incremental unit-time learning model independent variable indirect cost indirect costs of a cost object indirect labor indirect manufacturing costs indirect materials indirect-cost rate industrial engineering method inflation inflation adjustment inflation infrastructure costs innovation input input-price variance insourcing inspection of accounts method inspection point installment institute of management accountants (IMA) instrumental tests 508. 509. 510. 511. 512. 513. 514. 515. 516. 517. 518. 519. 520. 521. 522. 523. 524. 525. 526. 527. 528. 529. 530. 531. 532. 533. 534. 535. 536. 537. 538. 539. 540. 541. 542. 543. 544. 545. 546. 547. 548. 549. 550. 551. 552. 553. 554. 555. 556. 557. insurance integer programming integrated cost accounting system intensity drivers intercept interest rate interest interlocking cost accounting system intermediate product internal business process perspective internal failure costs internal rate of return internal rate of return (IRR) method Internal Revenue Service (IRS) inventoriable costs inventory management inventory investment investment centre invitation for a bid invoice irrelevant cost janitor job job cards job cost record job cost sheet job costing job-costing system joint cost joint product joint stock company joint venture – joint juristic person (corporation) just-in-time (JIP) production just-in-time (JIT) production methods just-in-time (JIT) purchasing just-in-time purchasing techniques kaizen budgeting kaizen costing kanbans L/C (Letter of Credit) labor law labor labor cost accounting labor efficiency variance labor time record land last in, first out 558. 559. 560. 561. 562. 563. 564. 565. 566. 567. 568. 569. 570. lawsuit lawyer – lean production learning and growth perspective learning curve learning machine learning-curve effect least-squares method ledger legal entity legal opinion legal proceedings letter of credit – PART 06 571. 572. 573. 574. 575. 576. 577. 578. 579. 580. 581. 582. 583. 584. 585. 586. 587. 588. 589. 590. 591. 592. 593. 594. 595. 596. 597. 598. 599. 600. 601. 602. 603. 604. 605. 606. 607. 608. 609. 610. 611. 612. 613. 614. 615. 616. 617. 618. letter of guarantee liabilities LIBOR (London Inter-Bank Offer Rate) life-cycle budgeting life-cycle costing limited liability company (LLC) – limited partnership – limiting factor line item budgets line management linear cost function linear programming (LP) lines of credit loan – locked-in costs long-range planning long-run cost long-run decisions long-term assets long-term plan long-term variable costs long-term - a lowest common multiple method Ltd. (limited liability company) machine hour rate machinery and equipment main product make-or-buy decisions management accounting management audits management by exception management control system manufacturing cells manufacturing cycle efficiency (MCE) manufacturing cycle time manufacturing lead time manufacturing overhead manufacturing overhead allocated manufacturing overhead applied manufacturing overhead costs manufacturing resource planning manufacturing-sector company margin of safety margin marginal cost transfer prices marginal cost/revenue marginal costing marginal rate of substitution 619. 620. 621. 622. 623. 624. 625. 626. 627. 628. 629. 630. 631. 632. 633. 634. 635. 636. 637. 638. 639. 640. 641. 642. 643. 644. 645. 646. 647. 648. 649. 650. 651. 652. 653. 654. 655. 656. 657. 658. 659. 660. 661. 662. 663. 664. 665. 666. 667. 668. market (non-diversifiable) risk market portfolio market share variance market share market size variance market-based transfer prices market-share variance market-size variance master budget master production schedule master-budget capacity utilization material mix variance material price variance material usage variance materials requirement plan materials requirements planning (MRP) materials requisition materials requisition records materials yield variance maturity maximax criterion maximin criterion MBA (Master of Business Administration) merchandising-sector company merger minimum required rate of return minority minutes (of a meeting) miscellaneous – mission mixed cost models of resource consumption money laundering monopolistic/imperfect competition Monte Carlo simulation analysis moral hazard mortgage – motivation multicollinearity multiple regression municipal service tax (ISSQN) mutually exclusive projects natural person (individual) negotiated targets negotiated transfer prices net equity net income net marginal revenue net present value net present value (NPV) method 669. 670. 671. 672. 673. 674. 675. 676. 677. 678. 679. 680. 681. 682. 683. 684. 685. net profit net realizable value method net sales nominal and money interest rates nominal cash flows nominal rate of return non-accounting style nonlinear cost function non-programmed decision non-value added activities nonvalue-added cost normal activity normal capacity utilization normal costing normal losses normal spoilage notary public – PART 07 686. 687. 688. 689. 690. 691. 692. 693. 694. 695. 696. 697. 698. 699. 700. 701. 702. 703. 704. 705. 706. 707. 708. 709. 710. 711. 712. 713. 714. 715. 716. 717. 718. 719. 720. 721. 722. 723. 724. 725. 726. 727. 728. 729. 730. 731. 732. 733. 734. notional profit objective function objective probabilities objectives objectives of the organization off-book accounting on-time performance operating budget operating costing operating decisions operating department operating income operating leverage operation operation costing system opportunity cost opportunity cost of an investment opportunity cost of capital optimized production technology ordering costs ordinance organization structure outcomes output controls output unit-level costs output-level overhead variance outsourcing outstanding balance overabsorbed indirect costs overallocated indirect costs overapplied indirect costs overdue overhead analysis sheet overhead overheads overtime premium ownership – paid-in capital paid-in Pareto analysis Pareto diagram partial productivity participation payable payback payback method payoff payroll accounting payroll - 735. 736. 737. 738. 739. 740. 741. 742. 743. 744. 745. 746. 747. 748. 749. 750. 751. 752. 753. 754. 755. 756. 757. 758. 759. 760. 761. 762. 763. 764. 765. 766. 767. 768. 769. 770. 771. 772. 773. 774. 775. 776. 777. 778. 779. 780. 781. 782. 783. 784. peak-load pricing peanut-butter costing penetration pricing policy perfectly competitive market performance audits performance reports period cost adjustment period costs personnel controls petty cash physical measures method plaintiff planning planning, programming budgeting systems (PPBS) plant plant-wide rate portfolio portfolio analysis postage post-completion audit post-dated check power of attorney – practical capacity precautionary motive predatory pricing preferred share preferred stock prepaid expenses - de prepayment present value prevention costs previous department costs previous process cost previous price discounting price discrimination price elasticity of demand price quotation price setters price takers price variance price-recovery component price-skimming policy prime cost prime cost percentage method prime rate priority based budgets priority based incremental budgets probability probability distribution 785. 786. 787. 788. 789. 790. 791. 792. 793. 794. 795. 796. 797. 798. 799. problem solving process costing process-costing system product product cost product differentiation product flow line product life cycle product overcosting product undercosting product-cost cross-subsidization production production department production efficiency ratio production volume ratio PART 08 800. 801. 802. 803. 804. 805. 806. 807. 808. 809. 810. 811. 812. 813. 814. 815. 816. 817. 818. 819. 820. 821. 822. 823. 824. 825. 826. 827. 828. 829. 830. 831. 832. 833. 834. 835. 836. 837. 838. 839. 840. 841. 842. 843. 844. 845. 846. 847. production-denominator level production-volume variance productivity productivity component product-line sustaining activities product-mix decisions product-sustaining activities product-sustaining costs profit centre profit profitability index profit-conscious style profit-volume graph profit-volume ratio pro-forma statements programmed decision progress payments property tax proration proxy public limited company public translator pull manufacturing system purchase order lead time purchase purchasing costs purchasing efficiency variance purchasing planning variance purchasing power push manufacturing system qualitative factors quality measures quality of design quantitative factors quarter quarterly random uncontrollable factors rate variance rate rationalization machine raw materials real cash flows real estate real rate of interest real rate of return receivable reciprocal allocation method reengineering 848. 849. 850. 851. 852. 853. 854. 855. 856. 857. 858. 859. 860. 861. 862. 863. 864. 865. 866. 867. 868. 869. 870. 871. 872. 873. 874. 875. 876. 877. 878. 879. 880. 881. 882. 883. 884. 885. 886. 887. 888. 889. 890. 891. 892. 893. 894. 895. 896. 897. refined costing system regression analysis regression equation regret criterion regular corporation reimbursement relative performance evaluation relevant cost relevant costing relevant production range relevant range relevant revenues remittance rent reorder point repeated distribution method replacement cost report required rate of return (RRR) research and development residual income (RI) residual term residual value - valor residual resource cost drivers responsibility accounting responsibility centre results controls retained earnings retention money retirement – return on capital employed return on investment (ROI) revenue revenue allocation revenue center revenue driver revenue production costing reverse engineering rework rightsizing risk risk neutral risk premium risk-adjusted cost of capital risk-averter risk-free gilt-edged securities risk-seeker rolling budget rolling budgeting royalty - 898. 899. 900. 901. 902. 903. 904. 905. 906. 907. 908. 909. 910. running balance safety stocks sales commission sales margin mix variance sales margin volume variance sales mix sales quantity variance sales value at split off method sales value at split-off point method sales sales-mix variance sales-quantity variance sales-volume variance PART 09 911. 912. 913. 914. 915. 916. 917. 918. 919. 920. 921. 922. 923. 924. 925. 926. 927. 928. 929. 930. 931. 932. 933. 934. 935. 936. 937. 938. 939. 940. 941. 942. 943. 944. 945. 946. 947. 948. 949. 950. 951. 952. 953. 954. 955. 956. 957. 958. satisficing savings account schedule scorekeeping scrap scrap value securities security market line self-employed self-liquidating cycle selling-price variance semi-fixed costs semi-variable cost sensitivity analysis separable costs sequential allocation method sequential tracking service department service-sector company service-sustaining activities service-sustaining costs settlement shadow price shareholder – short-term decisions short-term simple regression simplex method simultaneous equation method single corporate cost of capital single most likely estimate single-rate cost-allocation method slack variables slope coefficient social control social responsibility social tests soft capital rationing solicitor source documents special studies specific (diversifiable) risk specification analysis specified order of closing method speculative motive split-off point spoilage spread 959. 960. 961. 962. 963. 964. 965. 966. 967. 968. 969. 970. 971. 972. 973. 974. 975. 976. 977. 978. 979. 980. 981. 982. 983. 984. 985. 986. 987. 988. 989. 990. 991. 992. 993. 994. 995. 996. 997. 998. 999. 1000. 1001. 1002. 1003. 1004. 1005. 1006. 1007. 1008. staff management stand-alone cost allocation method stand-alone revenue-allocation method standard standard cost centers standard costing standard costs standard deviation standard error of the coefficient standard error of the estimate standard error of the estimated coefficient standard hours standard hours produced standard input standby letter of credit statement states of nature static budget static-budget variance statistical quality control charts statute of limitations steady state production level step cost function step fixed costs step-down allocation method stock exchange stock market stock stockholder stock out stock out costs stockroom – storage – stores ledger account stores requisition straight-line depreciation method strategic analysis strategic control strategic decisions strategic management accounting strategic planning strategy subjective judgements subjective probabilities suboptional decision making subpoena subscription subsidiary – sue sundries 1009. sunk cost 1010. super-variable costing 1011. supplies – 1012. supply and demand 1013. supply chain 1014. support department 1015. surplus – 1016. SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecomunications) 1017. takeover – 1018. target cost per unit 1019. target costing 1020. target operating income per unit 1021. target price 1022. target rate of return on invested capital 1023. target rate of return on investment 1024. task instrumentality PART 10 1025. 1026. 1027. 1028. 1029. 1030. 1031. 1032. 1033. 1034. 1035. 1036. 1037. 1038. 1039. 1040. 1041. 1042. 1043. 1044. 1045. 1046. 1047. 1048. 1049. 1050. 1051. 1052. 1053. 1054. 1055. 1056. 1057. 1058. 1059. 1060. 1061. 1062. 1063. 1064. 1065. 1066. 1067. 1068. 1069. 1070. 1071. 1072. tax break tax deduction tax evasion tax exemption tax haven tax incentive tax provision taxation – taxes – taxpayer – tear-down analysis tender terms of payment tests of reliability theoretical capacity theoretical maximum capacity theory of constraints (TOC) throughput accounting throughput contribution throughput costing time deposit time driver time sheets time value of money time-based measures timetable toll – tools – top-down budget setting total factor productivity (TFP) total fixed overhead variance total labor variance total material variance total quality management total sales margin variance total variable overhead variance trade surplus trade trademark traditional costing systems transaction drivers transactions motive transfer price transfer transferred-in costs travel treasury trigger point 1073. 1074. 1075. 1076. 1077. 1078. 1079. 1080. 1081. 1082. 1083. 1084. 1085. 1086. 1087. 1088. 1089. 1090. 1091. 1092. 1093. 1094. 1095. 1096. 1097. 1098. 1099. 1100. 1101. 1102. 1103. 1104. 1105. 1106. 1107. 1108. 1109. 1110. 1111. 1112. 1113. 1114. 1115. 1116. 1117. 1118. 1119. 1120. 1121. 1122. turnover two-part transfer pricing system unavoidable cost uncertainty uncollectible – uncontrollable planning variance under- or over-recovery of overheads under absorbed indirect costs under allocated indirect costs under applied indirect costs unfavorable variance unit cost unit objectives unit-level activities units of output method unpaid unused capacity usage variance utilities value added activity value analysis value chain value date (due date, maturity date) value engineering value for money audits value propositions value-added cost value-added tax value-chain analysis variable contribution variable cost variable costing variable costing variable overhead efficiency variance variable overhead expenditure variance variable overhead flexible-budget variance variable overhead spending variance variable short-run contribution margin variance variance analysis volume capacity variance volume efficiency variance volume variance wage rate variance warehouse waste weighted average cost weighted average cost of capital weighted-average process-costing method whole - 1123. 1124. 1125. 1126. 1127. 1128. 1129. 1130. 1131. 1132. 1133. 1134. 1135. 1136. 1137. 1138. 1139. wire SWIFT code (SWIFT) withdraw withdrawal withhold – witness work in progress work in progress working capital work-in-process inventory work-measurement method write off write-down writing-down allowances written-down value written-down value zero-based budgeting zero-defects policy