This file introduces you to
D
O
M anagement
I
C
E
eveloping
ffender
n
A Transnational Project
Funded by the European
Union
orrections in
urope
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DOMICE PROJECT
A Transnational Project Funded by the
European Union
•
•
•
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the project tackles a complex subject; we’ll try to make sure that you
understand fully when we speak directly with you
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Custody (which may be differentiated by....)
Unsupervised release
Different levels of security
Pre-sentence custody
OFFENDER
Male/female
Pre-sentence supervision
S
Pre-sentence assessment
Post-release supervision
Age
Community sentence 1
Community sentence 2
Community sentence 3
To start with we would like
you to think about each
offender in your correctional
system taking a “journey”
through it
Each system is different;
each “journey” is
different. We shall return
to the different systems
later
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In all likelihood, different “interventions” will have to
be applied at different stages.
An intervention may be to address a problem
associated
re-offending, to protect the public, or
Intervention with
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to satisfy a requirement set out by a court or judge
Intervention 1
They may be a compulsory part of the sentence,
order or sanction, or they may be organised on a
voluntary basis following an assessment
Custody (which may be differentiated by....)
Male/female
Pre-sentence supervision
Unsupervised release
Different levels of security
Pre-sentence custody
S
Pre-sentence assessment
Post-release supervision
Age
Community sentence 1
Community sentence 2
Community sentence 3
An “intervention” may involve, for
example
• co-operating with drug or alcohol
treatment
• making good to a victim
• doing unpaid work
• keeping the offender under close
inter-agency surveillance
• attending a behavioural programme
• living in supervised accommodation
Intervention 4
Intervention 2
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Custody (which may be differentiated by....)
Pre-sentence custody
Unsupervised release
Different levels of security
OFFENDER
Male/female
Pre-sentence supervision
S
Pre-sentence assessment
The DOMICE Project is
interested in this “case
management” process
Post-release supervision
Age
Community sentence 1
Community sentence 2
Community sentence 3
Case Management
There is often then a process which we call “case management”, through
which decisions are made about which interventions need to be used.
The offender is often required to keep regular appointments with
someone to monitor progress and promote co-operation. This is often
called “supervision”
Someone usually communicates between the different interventions to
make sure that the everything is properly integrated
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The DOMICE Project
Many organisations use “case management” as their main way of working.
The key feature of “case management” is that arrangements are made for the delivery of services
by someone other than he, she or those who will deliver that service.
Decisions about what services are to be provided are usually informed by some form of
assessment. The arrangements for providing services are usually expressed in some form of
plan. Quite often, overall responsibility is assigned to one person who is often called a Case
Manager. There is often some form of shared record system.
Case Management
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The DOMICE Project
A high proportion of offenders have multiple needs and/or complex sentences. Offender plans
are very likely to involve multiple contacts with one or more service providers, in a situation
where enthusiastic, voluntary engagement is unlikely to be the norm.
Projects and services tend to specialise in one form of intervention.
As a result, some form of case management is an increasingly prevalent way of approaching
the management of offenders.
Case Management
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The DOMICE Project
Case management needs to be effectively undertaken in order to
• secure offenders’ compliance and co-operation
• ensure that the programme for each offender is properly individualised
• integrate the work of multiple different providers into a single coherent approach,
and thus avoid duplication of effort .
But “case management” takes many forms and can be organised and delivered in many
different ways.
Case Management
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The DOMICE Project
The DOMICE Project is an EU funded initiative to study, “capture”, share and analyse
the different ways in which different countries in Europe understand, organise and
deliver case management with offenders.
We are interested in who does it, how it’s organised, what tasks it consists of and what
we know about what works best.
Case Management
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The DOMICE Project
However, it is already clear to us that it is difficult to understand how and where “case
management” operates in any correctional system without first understanding the
basic structure of that system.
So our first series of interviews and contacts aims to establish a “sketch map” of how
your correctional system operates. We will then use the Focus Groups and follow-up
interviews to look more closely at your approach to case management.
Case Management
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The Basic Outline of Your Correctional System
Looking again in a bit more detail at our “offender journey” we will try to adapt it so that it
reflects the system in your country. In order to do this we will sub-divide it into 4
“domains”.......
1
2
Pre-Sentence
1.1 Pre-Sentence
Custody
1.3 Pre-sentence
assessment and
report preparation
Immediate Custody
Supervised Release
2.1 Custody
4
4.1 Post-Release Supervision in
the Community
Unsupervised
Release
Sentence
Passed
Community-based Options
3
3.1 Suspended Custody
with Supervision
1.2 Pre-sentence
supervision
3.2 Community orders or
sentences - types 1 - n
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1
2
Pre-Sentence
Supervised Release
27,000 at
1.1 Pre-Sentence
Custody
1.3 Pre-sentence
assessment
and
18,000 a year
report preparation
Immediate Custody
2.1 any
Custody
time
4
4.1 Post-Release Supervision in
the Community
Unsupervised
Release
Sentence
Passed
Community-based Options
3
3.1 Suspended
250 a year Custody
with Supervision
1.2 Pre-sentence
supervision
3.2 Community orders or
sentences - types 1 - n
• We will ask you to try to provide an indication of scale? For example, how many reports do you
prepare each year for your courts, how many people are under some form of supervision in the
community at any time, how many are in custody?
• We will also try to establish whereabouts on your “map” you consider that some form of “case
management” applies?
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The Basic Outline of Your Correctional System
We will try to understand how you organise and deliver “case management” with
offenders. For example:
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If you recognise the role which we have described as “case manager” (you
may call him or her something different), do your arrangements require
that he/she is responsible for the offender, whatever that offender’s
personal journey may look like:
Custody
Unsupervised release
4 levels of security (A, B, C and D)
Pre-sentence custody
Male/female
S
Pre-sentence supervision
Post-release supervision
Age
Community sentence 1
Pre-sentence assessment
Community sentence 2
The Same Case Manager as the Offender Passes through the System
Community sentence 3
….or is a different case manager assigned for different sentences, or different
kinds of sentence, or different stages of a sentence. For example:
Custody
Case Manager
1
Pre-sentence custody
Case Manager 2
Case4Manager
3C and D)
levels of security (A, B,
Unsupervised release
Case Manager 4
Male/female
Pre-sentence supervision
S
Preparing Postsentence
Pre-sentence assessment
assessment and
Pre-sentence work
plan
Age
Case Manager 5
Post-release supervision
Managing Community sentence 1
Community-based
Community sentence 2
sanction or
Liaison through
Community sentence 3
measure
Custody
Who are your Case Managers? Are they state, private or “third sector”
employees, or some combination of all three? What training and/or
qualifications are they required to have?
Managing Postrelease
supervision
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If you have “case managers”, we are interested in finding out in a bit more detail
what you expect them to DO.
Below we have illustrated some of the tasks which we have found are expected of
case managers. Some of these are discrete tasks which follow a sequence (like
making a plan and then reviewing progress); others are continuous behaviours.
Forming and maintaining a good working relationship with the offender
Securing the offender’s compliance/co-operation
Meeting regularly with the offender at the office
Preparing an
initial assessment
Making the arrangements
for implementing the plan
Reviewing and updating
the assessment and plan
Monitoring progress of the
plan
Preparing
a plan
Taking enforcement action if
the offender fails to comply
Undertaking counselling or
therapy with the offender
Visiting the offender
at his/her home/family
Advocate or negotiate
on behalf of the offender
Keeping case records in a prescribed form
Reporting back on progress
to a Judge or Court
Continuous liaison with other
workers or agencies
Sharing information with others
Case Management
Which of these do you expect of your case managers?
Do the expectations vary from offender to offender or case manager to case
manager?
Are there other tasks not listed here?
Are these expectations written down in some form of policy or manual?
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What outcomes or results do you expect from your case managers or your case management approach?
What do you expect them to achieve?
Here are some of the outcomes which case managers believe they are required to achieve. Can you put
them in order of priority for your correctional system? Are there others?
Make sure that
Punishment is
Served
Reduce Future
Re-Offending
Solve
Offender’s
Problems
Make
Reparation to
the Public
Get the
Sentence
Completed
Make
Reparation to
Individual
Victims
Reduce Crime
Overall
Save Money
Protect the
Public
Keep the
Prison
Population
Down
Priority
Country
1
?
2
?
3
?
4
?
5
?
6
?
Improve
Personal
Stop ReGrowth and
Offending
Development
Improve
Re-Integrate
credibility of
the Offender
non-custodial
into Society
options
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Managing the Workload
Typically, how many offenders is one of your Case Managers responsible for at any time?
Do these numbers vary, and by how much?
Do your Case Managers have all the resources they need to deal effectively with every offender?
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each?
For each tier:
• differently qualified staff
are assigned
• different standards apply
• different workload
weightings are allowed
108
each?
Tier 2
Tier 3
Tier 4
Prolific
CONTROL
Dangerous
CHANGE
Resources
In England and Wales, for
example, the resources and
priority assigned to each
offender (the tier of service) is
based upon an assessment
of the risk, needs and
complexity of each case.
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each?
Tier 1
HELP
PUNISH
Risk, Needs and Complexity
How do your Case Managers decide how to allocate their time
and resources between cases?
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Finally
• have you undertaken any studies or
evaluations about your case management
arrangements which you are prepared to
share internationally, or
• are there aspects of your case management
arrangements which seem to you to work
especially well and which you are prepared to
share with others?
Thank you for reading this file and
thinking about the issues it raises.
Either JO CHILVERS or TONY
GRAPES from the DOMICE Project
will speak with you shortly
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