Student Name: _____________________
2014
HSC Half Yearly Exam
Carlingford High
Chemistry
General Instructions
Total marks –70
 Working time – 2 hours
This paper has two parts, Part A and Part B
 Write using black or blue pen
Part A – 15 marks
 Attempt Questions 1-15
 Allow about 30 minutes for this part
 Draw diagrams using pencil
 Board-approved calculators may be used
 Use the Data Sheet and Periodic Table
provided
 Use the Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet
provided
Part B – 55 marks
 Attempt Questions 15-27
 Allow about 1 hour and 30 minutes for
this part
Page 1 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
Page 2 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
Part A – 15 marks
Attempt Questions 1-15
Allow about 30 minutes for this part
Use the multiple-choice answer sheet provided for Questions 1-15
1.
Which of the following compounds is the most volatile?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
2.
Which of the following conditions would produce a radioactive isotope?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
3.
dehydration of ethanol
fractional distillation of a mixture of alkenes
cracking of long-chain alkanes
hydrolysis of cellulose
Which of the following is the best reducing agent?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
6.
It is available in many parts of the world.
It is light in weight and easy to transport.
It is an organic polymer based on carbon.
It is a polymer that undergoes combustion.
Ethylene is an important raw material for chemical industry. Currently, most ethylene is
produced by the
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
5.
Too many atoms in the sample provided
Too many protons and neutrons in the atom
Too many electrons in the outer shell of the atom
Too many electrons for the number of neutrons in the atom
Which of the following makes cellulose a potential raw material for the petrochemical
industry?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
4.
Ethanol
Methanol
Ethanoic acid
Propanoic acid
Copper
Fluoride ion
Potassium ion
Chlorine
Which of the following is NOT classified as a transuranic element?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Neptunium
Polonium
Plutonium
Americium
Page 3 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
7.
Under standard conditions, which of the following half-cell combinations would be
used to form the galvanic cell with the greatest voltage?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
8.
Half Cell 2
Zinc / zinc (II) sulfate solution
Lead / lead (II) nitrate solution
Silver / silver nitrate solution
Silver / silver nitrate solution
Which of the following pairs would form a buffer solution?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
9.
Half Cell 1
Magnesium / magnesium sulfate solution
Zinc / zinc nitrate solution
Copper / copper (II) nitrate solution
Tin / tin (II) nitrate solution
HCl(aq) / Cl-(aq)
H2PO4-(aq) / PO4 3-(aq)
H2SO4(aq) / HSO4-(aq)
CH3COOH(aq) / CH3COO-(aq)
The dissolving of carbon dioxide in water is an exothermic process.
CO2 (g)
CO2 (aq)
The concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide can be increased by
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
10.
increasing both the temperature and the pressure.
decreasing both the temperature and the pressure.
increasing the temperature and decreasing the pressure.
decreasing the temperature and increasing the pressure.
Which of the following pairs of compounds would react to form a condensation
polymer?
H
(A)
H
C
H
C
C
H
H
HO
H
HO
H
C
H
H
(B)
Cl
C
OH
C
O
C
C
O
H
OH
H
Cl
(C)
H
C
H
H
C
O
OH
H
H
C
O
C
H
H
(D)
HO
C
H
C
C
H
HO
OH
C
H
H
Page 4 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
11.
The apparatus shown is used in a first-hand investigation to determine and compare the
heat of combustion of three different liquid alkanols.
Which of the following describes the most appropriate experimental procedure?
12.
Independent variable(s)
Dependent variable(s)
(A)
Temperature change of
the water
The alkanol used
Mass of water
Distance of burner from
beaker
(B)
Mass of water
Distance of burner from
beaker
Temperature change
of the water
The alkanol used
(C)
The alkanol used
Temperature change
of the water
Mass of water
Distance of burner from
beaker
(D)
Mass of water
Distance of burner from
beaker
The alkanol used
Temperature change of the
water
What is the name of the following compound?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
13.
Controlled variable(s)
1,2-difluoro-1-chloroethane
1,2-difluoro-2-chloroethane
1-chloro-1,2-difluoroethane
2-chloro-1,2-difluoroethane
According to the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases, an acid is a substance that
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
is capable of donating a hydrogen ion
contains oxygen atoms
increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution
contains hydrogen atoms which can produce hydrogen gas during electrolysis
Page 5 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
14.
A student pipetted 10.0 mL of a sodium hydroxide solution into a conical flask, added
a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator and titrated this with a 0.015 mol L-1 solution
of hydrochloric acid. The volume of hydrochloric acid required was 19.25 mL.
What is the concentration of sodium hydroxide (expressed to the correct number of
significant figures)?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
15.
3 x 10-2 mol L-1
2.9 x 10-2 mol L-1
2.89 x 10-2 mol L-1
2.888 x 10-2 mol L-1
The chart below shows the pH colour change ranges for various indicators.
A substance was tested with the following indicators. The results are shown below.
Indicator
Colour
Methyl orange
Yellow
Bromocresol green
Green
Bromothymol blue
Yellow
Thymolphthalein
Colourless
The substance should be classified as
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
strongly alkaline.
slightly alkaline.
strongly acidic.
slightly acidic.
Page 6 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
Part B – 55 marks
Attempt Questions 15-30
Allow about 1 hour and 30 minutes for this part
Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.
Question 16
(7 marks)
During your practical work you performed a first-hand investigation to distinguish between
an alkene and the corresponding alkane.
a)
Name the alkene used in your investigation.
1
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b) Identify a potential hazard in your investigation, and outline how you addressed this
hazard.
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2
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c)
Outline the procedure you used for your first-hand investigation.
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2
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d) Explain, with the aid of structural formulae diagram(s), why the reaction(s) which
occurred made it possible to distinguish between the alkane and alkene.
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Page 7 of 16
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Student Name: _____________________
Question 17 (6 marks)
A bottle of soft drink was placed on an electronic balance and weighed. The cap was
removed and placed next to the bottle on the balance. The mass of the cap, bottle and its
contents was monitored. The results are shown in the graph. The experiment was
conducted at 25°C and 101.3 kPa. Assume that no evaporation has occurred.
Mass of cap,
bottle and
contents (g)
a)
Identify the gas released.
1
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b) In terms of equilibrium theory, explain why gas is lost.
2
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c)
Calculate the volume of the gas released.
3
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Question 18
(5 marks)
Cellulose is an important biopolymer.
a)
Briefly explain where cellulose is obtained from, and how it is formed. Include an
equation for the formation of its monomer.
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Page 8 of 16
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Student Name: _____________________
b) Scientists are already producing plastics from the bacterial breakdown of cellulose
biomass. Name another important chemical that can be produced from the bacterial
breakdown of biomass.
1
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Question 19
(4 marks)
You have studied one of the types of cells shown below.
Cell X
Cell Y
Choose ONE of the cells and answer parts (a) and (b).
a)
State ONE environmental impact associated with the cell you have chosen.
___________________________________________________________________
2
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b) Describe, with the aid of the appropriate half equations, the chemistry of the cell you
have chosen.
2
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Question 20 (3 Marks)
Calculate the pH of the solution that results when 25.75 mL of 0.25 M HCl(aq) is mixed
with 18.75 mL of 0.31 M NaOH(aq).
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Page 9 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
Question 21
a)
(5 marks)
Outline the procedure you would use to prepare a standard solution of sodium hydrogen
carbonate from solid sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3).
3
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b) Calculate the mass of solid sodium hydrogen carbonate required to make 250 mL of
0.12 mol.L-1 solution.
2
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Page 10 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
Question 22
(5 marks)
Evaluate the impact of industrial sources of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides on the
environment, making use of appropriate chemical equations.
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Page 11 of 16
Student Name: _____________________
Question 23
(3 marks)
a) Identify the cathode in this diagram.
1
____________________________________________________________________
b) Write the net redox equation for the cell reaction, and calculate the cell potential (E°). 2
_____________________________________________________________________
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Question 24
(5 marks)
Using a reflux apparatus a student prepared the ester propyl ethanoate in a school
laboratory.
2
(a) Name three chemicals that should have been placed in the boiling flask to ensure
that this ester was produced in a short period of time.
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(b) Why was it necessary to reflux the mixture?
2
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(c) Draw a structural diagram for propyl ethanoate.
Page 12 of 16
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Student Name: _____________________
Question 25 (5 marks)
The structures of two commercially significant monomers are shown.
a) Identify the common name of ONE of the monomers.
1
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b) The uses of polymers are dependent on their properties.
Discuss this statement with reference to a polymer made from one of the above
monomers.
3
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c)
Draw the structure of a polymer made from one of the above monomers.
Page 13 of 16
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Student Name: _____________________
Question 26
(3 marks)
The graph shows changes in pH for the titration of 25.0 mL of sodium hydroxide
solution with hydrochloric acid.
NaOH + HCl
Volume of Acid Added (mL)
a) What conclusion can you draw from the graph about the concentrations of the two
solutions? Explain your reasoning.
2
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b) On the above axes, sketch a graph showing the change in pH during a second
titration of 25.0 mL of the same sodium hydroxide solution with acetic acid.
Assume the acetic acid is of the same concentration as the hydrochloric acid.
Question 27
1
(4 marks)
a) What is meant by the terms isotope and radioisotope.
1
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b) The radioisotope 244
Pu can be used as a nuclear fuel. Write an equation for the
94
alpha-decay of this fuel.
1
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c) Name and describe the use of one other radioisotope in industry.
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