Presented by
Iftekhar Enayetullah
Presentation on Design, Implementation and Monitoring of
Waste Sector CDM Projects: Experience of Waste Concern in
Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Vietnam
FIRST CAPACITY BUILDING WORKSHOP ON CLEAN DEVELOPMENT
MECHANISM (CDM) UNDER CD4CDM INITIATIVE
web: www.wasteconcern.org
Date: 8-9 April, 2008
Venue: LGED Bhaban, Dhaka
Presentation Outline
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Background of the Waste Sector CDM Project
CDM project cycle
How the project is implemented
What aspects needs to be monitored for CDM
Examples of projects from Vietnam and Sri Lanka
web: www.wasteconcern.org
Baseline Situation
Methane Emission (Green House Gas)
Waste
CDM project
No Methane Emission
City
Authorities
Collecting
transport
Existing Practice:
land filling of waste
Composting Plant
Starting from 100 Tons/day capacity
and within 2 years reaching 700 Tons/
day capacity
The project is recycling organic vegetable waste and instead of
disposing in landfill, it is converted Into compost.
Waste Concern is involved in the design, implementation and now monitoring of the project
MAJOR PORTION OF WASTE IS ORGANIC
www.wasteconcern.org
URBAN WASTE GENERATION
(Tons/ day) IN BANGLADESH
•1995: 10,742 tonnes/day
•2005 : 14,000 tonnes/day
•2025: 47,064 tonnes/day (estimated)
Methane Gas Emission is being measured by the expert of
the Royal Haskoning of the Netherlands and Waste Concern
by land fill gas analyzer at the Matuail Waste Disposal site
of Dhaka City Corporation
Obtained UNFCCC
approval on Sept 2005
www.wasteconcern.org
CDM Project Cycle
Waste Concern
Identification of project and development of project concept note
Development of Project Design Document
Project developer
Includes:
Project Description
Select baseline approach and assess additionality
Set baseline emission level and crediting period
Calculate net emission reductions
Develop a monitoring plan
Assess environmental impacts
Invite local stakeholders for comments
Host country approval
Waste Concern
WWR
Submission of the PDD and host
country approval to validator
Project developer
Host Government (National Authority)
Project developer
Make PDD publicly available for 30 days
Operational Entity
Validation of Project
Operational Entity
Submission of validation reports and Project Design Document
CDM Executive Board
Registration with the CDM
Project implementation and monitoring
Project developer
Project developer
Verification and certification
Operational Entity
Host Government
Operational Entity
CDM Executive Board
Possible review by the
CDM Executive Board
Issuance of CERs to project developers
CDM Executive Board
WC, WWR, FMO and Triodos of NL
Development of CDM Activities in Bangladesh
7 January 2004
29 February 2004
18 April 2004
8 August 2004
DCC gives NOC for preparation and implementation of the projects under CDM
WC submits two CDM Projects to National CDM Committee for LFG Recovery (LFG
& Composting) along with commitment letter of Dutch investor.
National CDM Committee approved the projects
National CDM Board headed by the PM office gives final approval of the project.
17 Sep 2005
First CDM Project of WC (Landfill Gas Extraction and Utilization) Registered with
UNFCCC.
24 Jan 2006
DCC’s Signs 15 years Concession Agreement for the 700 tons/day capacity
compost plant
18 May 2006
Second CDM Project of WC (700 ton capacity compost plant) Registered with
UNFCCC (after development of a new methodology AM 0025)
16 May 2007
Compost Project Registered from Board of Investment (BoI)
August 2007
Environmental Clearance (IEE) from DoE for Construction (Site Clearance)
Nov 2007
Construction Process of Compost Plant Started November 2007
March 2008
Trail Production and Monitoring started and full production by June 2008
Project based carbon trading (CER/VER) between
industrialized and developing countries
Dutch Company WWR and
Banks, FMO and Triodos
CDM investment $$
Industrialized
country
Emission reduction
credits (CER)
Project Reducing
GHG emissions in
Dhaka
web: www.wasteconcern.org
Mode of investment for the project
CASH upfront for
project
preparation
EQUITY+LOAN
(WWR, FMO
and Triodos)
LOAN
Local currency
Project Cost: Total Euro 12 million
8,90,000X18=16.02 million in 10 years
web: www.wasteconcern.org
PARTNERSHIP MODEL UNDER CDM PROJECT
International
Market
CER (
carbon
credits)
Rural Farmers
Compost
Project Investment
Harnessing CDM
BOI
COMPOST PLANT
CDM Board
Project Approval
Organic Waste
Joint Venture of WC,
WWR, FMO & Triodos
Bank of NL
Urban Population
•Direct Collection from Vegetable
markets
DCC
PUBLIC
Giving concession
agreement for15
years
•Paying CBOs/NGOs for waste
delivery
Attracted
12 million Euro
PRIVATE
• Promoting source separation and
community participation
COMMUNITY
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How the project is implemented
Concession Agreement with D.C.C
Waste Bins
Demountable
Containers
Collection
Transportation
Landfill
PROBLEMS
Green House Gas Emission
More Land Required for Landfill
700 tons/day
Saving of waste collection
cost for D.C.C for
2,55,500 tons waste/yr
700 tons/day
Saving 2,81,050 m3
land filling avoided
per year
Saving of disposal cost at
dumpsite by avoiding
2,81,050 tons per day.
No investment from public
agency in this project
Collection of Organic municipal waste
from vegetable markets using
our own collection system
Compost Plant ( land and plant belongs to
Company)
700 tons/day
Production capacity: 175-210 tons per day
Employment: 800 person, specially women
Emission reduction: 89000 tons CO2/ yr.
Compost
Initially 8000 tons/year and reach 50,000
tons/year (Cheaper than chemical fertilizers)
Rural Areas (Farmers)
www.wasteconcern.org
Collection Route of
Vegetable Waste
from Kawran Bazar
to Compost Plant
UTTARA PS.
Uttara
Bazar
AIRPORT PS.
Zia
International
Airport
PALLABI PS.
Mirpur-11
Bazar
CANTONMENT PS.
Noadha
Bazar
COMPOST
PLANT
(BULTA )
Transfar
Station
Dhaka Gate
MIRPUR PS.
KAFRUL PS.
Gulshan-2
Bazar
BADDA PS.
Transfar
Station
Between
Gulshan 1&2
IVE
R
GULSHAN PS.
ST
AL
AK
HY
AR
Mirpur-1
Bazar
Mohakhali Gulshan-1
Bazar
Bazar
Mohammadpur
Krishi Market
Transfar
Station
Mohammadpur
Town Hall Market
Transfar
Station
Naval H.Q.
Jatiya Sangsad
Bhaban
TEJGAON PS.
National
Graveyard
Eye
Hospital
MOHAMMADPUR PS.
Rampura
Bazar
Kalmilata
Bazar
Indiraroad
Bazar
Vegetable waste
Collection Area
Kawran
Bazar
KHILGAON PS.
Malibagh
Bazar
Bashundhara
City
Sonargaon
Hotel
RAMNA PS.
Holy Family
Hospital
Hatirpool
Bazar
HAZARIBAG PS.
Azimpur
Graveyard
Khilgaon
Bazar
Mohila
Samity
Ramna
Park
New
Market
Public
Library
Scout
Bhaban
Shantinagar
Bazar
MOTIJHEEL PS.
DHANMONDI PS.
Bangladesh
Secretariate
National
Stadium
Fakirapul
Bazar
SABUJBAG PS.
Kamlapur
Bazar
GPO
Dhaka
Medical
College
Hospital
Bangladesh
Bank
Banga Bhaban
Nagar
Bhaban
LALBAG PS.
Ittefaque
KAMRANGIR CHAR PS.
Lalbag
Fort
Dhaka
Central
Jail
KOTWALI PS.
BU
R
IG
AN
Gopibagh
Bazar
DEMRA PS.
Jatrabari
Bazar
SUTRAPUR PS.
G
A
R
IV
ER
SHAMPUR PS.
R.R.C
PLANT
LEGEND
Collection Route..............
Market / Bazar Location...
Transfar Station...............
Thana Hq.........................
Road................................
N
E
W
S
Railway.............................
500
0
500
1000m.
SCALE
River/Lake........................
www.wasteconcern.org
Basic Layout
Reception,
sorting &
mixing
TO MORAPARA
8.00
Ø 900
new
effective boundry
Unloading
platform
11.40+
Walled / fenced
slope 1:1
Clay wall
9.60
n,
receptio
shed
canteen
storage
kitchen
toilets
Enrich
ment
Enrichment plant
420 m2
storage
structure
Storage
(roof)
245 m2
and
sorting
leachateage
or
water st
2
300 m
tment
pre-trea
storage
refuse
2
525 m
roofed
245 m2
storage
compost
700 m3
245 m2
245 m2
roofed
2 floors
Screeni
ng I
8.00
9.68
Weigh bridge
10*2,5 M
5.500 m WIDE KATCHA ROAD
Screening
phase 1
Screeni
ng II
lever
pre-composting
3 weeks, 3-4 days a cell
roofed, aerated
meeting room(s)
(Roofed)
gate: 8 m1
Maturing, 4 weeks
Maturing
lever
Entrance
700 m3
245 m2
Screening
phase 2
Office
reception
1st phase
composting
Entrance
Not roofed, aerated
N
M
AI
HOME STEAD
2350 m2
(not
roofed)
9.51
700 m3
245 m2
9.868
POND
9.265
TO
DITCH
BM. RL=10m.
RO
AD
9.45
HIGH LAND
CUL
VER
T
9.20
HIGH LAND
www.wasteconcern.org
How the CDM Project is helping the city and
the poor
Input
Collection
Process
Aerobic Composting
Pro-poor element
700 tons/ day
of waste collection
Starting from 100 tons/day
Job Creation
400 new jobs
Compost
(50,000 tons/year)
(Organic Waste From Markets)
Saving
DCC cost
Output
Saving
Landfill Area
Pro-poor element
Creating 800 new jobs
Focusing Waste Pickers
Health Insurance
Daycare Center
Free Meal
Carbon Credits
(89,000 ton Co2e)
Pro-poor element
Cheaper
Less Irrigation
Soil Quality Improved
Higher Yield
Leads to higher income
Before-After: Waste Collection System
Present Collection Practice
Improved Covered Collection
Parameters to be Monitored During Implementation
Weighing of Waste Input
Process Quality Control
Regular Oxygen Monitoring
Parameters to be Monitored During Implementation
Temperature Control
Aerobic Composting System
Parameters to be Monitored During Implementation
Regular Oxygen Monitoring
Safe Working Condition
Replication of Waste Concern’s Decentralized Composting
Model in Vietnam and Sri Lanka
With the support from UNESCAP, Waste Concern
successfully replicated it small scale (3 tons/ day
capacity) compost plants in the Quay Nhon City of
Vietnam and Matale City of Sri Lanka. Later both the
cities are requesting Waste Concern to bundle these
small scale plants for their respective cities.
Quay Nhon City, Vietnam generates= 80 tons/day
(60% organic)
Matale City of Sri Lanka generates= 30 tons/day
(60% organic)
Transaction Cost for CDM Based Projects
CDM Project Cycle for Large Scale
> 15,000 Tons of CO2e)/Year
Estimate of Cost (US $)
A) Up-front (pre-operational) Costs:
1. ER Feasibility Assessment
5,000 - 20,000
2. Preparation of the PDD
25,000 – 40,000
3. Registration
10,000
4. Validation
10,000 -15,000
5. Legal Work
20,000 – 25,000
Total Up-front Costs:
70,000 – 110,000
B) Operational Phase Costs:
1.Monitoring and Verification
$3,000 – 15,000 per year[2].
For small-scale CDM project the total upfront transaction cost is estimated as US $ 25,000 to
40,000.
Community Based Composting Initiative
Qyay Nhon City, Vietnam
Front View of the compost plant
Perforated bottom and side
walls of the compost box
Rear view of the compost plant
Maturing bed of the compost plant
Community Based Composting Initiative
Matale City, Sri Lanka
Community Mobilization
Side view of the compost plant at Matale City
Special containers for waste collection
Bundling CDM Projects Sri Lanka and Vietnam
Multiple small scale
composting projects
One single CDM
project
Bundling
organization
VER/CER to
Investor
Project Cycle for VERs
PROJECT INFORMATION NOTE
(PIN)
VALIDATION
IMPLEMENTATION
VERs
Cost for the
preparation of PDD
and Validation is
bourn by the buyer
Global Impact
Reducing Green
House Gas
Attracting Foreign
Direct Investment
(FDI)
Reducing
poverty by
creating jobs
for
urban poor
Providing safe
and better
working condition
for the informal
sector
Raises public
awareness on
Solid Waste
Management and
recycling
Complying with the
MDG
Local Impact
Reducing ground
and surface
water pollution
thus reducing
health hazards
IMPACT
OF THE
PROJECT
Reducing Solid
Waste
Management
cost of
municipalities
Promoting
PPCP an
investtments
Enhancing the
life of the
Dumpsite
Improves the
quality of life of
the city
www.wasteconcern.org
Mitigation-Adaptation Loop
Mitigation