Ecology Unit 2
IN Pg. 14
• Describe something that is living – what
characteristics does it have?
• Answer in Blue Ink, Black Ink or Pencil.
Do it Now Pg. 14
• Describe something that is not living, what
characteristics does it have? Give an example
of something outside that is not living.
• Answer in Blue Ink, Black Ink or Pencil.
Population Growth
Title Page Pg. 15
1. Write the topic for the
unit in the middle of the
paper and box it in.
2. Divide the paper into 3
equal sections.
3. Put a subtopic/key
word in each section.
4. Add an appropriate
picture to each section(no
stick figures).
5. Each section must
have 3 different
colors(black and white
don’t count). Don’t use
the same 3 colors for 2
different sections.
Unit 1:Ecosystem
Dynamics: Populations
predation
Human Population
Pg. 16
Read Oodles of Models and fill in the concept map below:
description
description
Start Here
description
definition
types
Models
uses
description
examples
Describe
relationships among
different parts of a
system
A 3D representation
description
description
A replication of
something else.
Physical
Consists of a series
of mathematical
equations
Conceptual
description
definition
types
Models
Predict what will
happen under
different conditions
Computer
description
uses
Research things
that can’t
be duplicated in
the lab.
Mathematical
examples
Molecular
models
Model car
Food web
Calculated by a
computer
program
Yes / No activity pg 17
• Place the “Yes” card at one end of your desk
and the “No” card at the other end of your
desk. With your partner, read each of the
cards and place it into the “Yes” or “No” pile.
How did you decide which pile to place each
card in?
Do it again Pg. 14
• What is the difference between Abiotic and
Biotic Factors?
• Answer in Blue Ink, Black Ink or Pencil.
Out Pg. 14
• What is a scientific model?
• Answer in Blue Ink, Black Ink or Pencil.
In Pg. 18
• When you hear the word Population, what
do you think of?
• Answer in Blue, Black or Pencil.
Do it now Pg. 18
• Is the predator in a population of animals a
good thing or bad thing?
• Answer in Blue, Black or Pencil.
Mark and Recapture Lab Pg. 19
• You will be given a lab sheet to do the lab on
with instructions.
• Title Pg. 19 Mark and Recapture Lab.
• The groups who complete with the lab with
the least amount of mistakes and do the math
correctly will get candy.
• You may use your cell phone for a calculator,
and calculator only.
• This lab is about population sizes.
Do it Again Pg. 18
• Why are Biotic Factors important in an
ecosystem?
• Answer in Blue, Black or Pencil.
Out Pg. 18
• Why are Abiotic factors important in an
ecosystem?
• Answer in Blue, Black or Pencil.
IN Pg. 20
• What did the Mark and Recapture Lab
Measure?
• Answer in Blue ink, black ink or Pencil
Do it Now Pg. 20
• What do you think the biosphere is?
• Answer in Blue ink, black ink or Pencil
Intro. To Ecosystems
Cornell Notes-Pg.21
Line down center of page
Questions in Red
Answer in Blue ink, black ink or Pencil
3 sentence summary in Green ink.
What is ecology?
• Ecology- the study of
organisms and their
environment.
– Reveals relationships
between living (biotic)
and nonliving (abiotic)
parts of the
environment.
– Abiotic factors
include…
– Biotic factors include….
What are factors found in an
ecosystem?
Biotic Factors
• Plants
• Animals
• Bacteria
• Fungus
• Microscopic organisms
like plankton
Abiotic Factors
• Precipitation
• Temperature
• Soil
• Water
• Air
• Geographic features like
mountains
The Biosphere
What are the Levels of organization in
ecology
• Biosphere- the portion of the earth’s surface that
supports life.
• Ecosystem- all of the living (biotic) and nonliving
(abiotic) factors interacting in the environment.
• Community- all of the populations that interact
in an area.
• Population- a group of organisms of the same
species that live at the same place
at the same time.
• Organisms- individual living things.
What are the Levels of organization in
ecology
• Biosphere-
the portion of the earth’s surface that supports life.
• Ecosystem- all of the living (biotic) and nonliving
(abiotic)interacting in the environment.
• Community- all of the populations that interact
in an area.
•
Population- a group of organisms of the same
species that live at the same place
at the same time.
• Organisms- individual living things.
What is the idea of an ecosystem?
• Eco=Greek “oikos” which means house.
• System=a set of interrelated parts that work
together and DEPEND on each other.
Can you identify this image?
•
•
•
Without knowing the scale the
image was taken, you might
guess it is a type of plant.
This image was taken with an
electron microscope and
zoomed in 50X.
You most likely would not guess
that this is an image of human
eyelashes.
What is Scale
• Ecosystems exist at different scales.
– Microscopic=consists of organisms not visible to
the naked eye.
– Macroscopic=consists of organisms you can see
with the naked eye.
• Can range from small areas like a tidal pool to large
areas like the ocean.
• Regardless of scale, an ecosystem still consists
of
– Abiotic and biotic factors
– Competition
– Predator/prey relationships
What are Microscopic Ecosystems
Photographer David Littschwager
captured this amazing shot of a
single drop of seawater magnified
25 times to reveal an entire
ecosystem of crab larva, diatoms,
bacteria, fish eggs, zooplankton,
and worms.
In this single drop of water we can find
all of the observable features of an
ecosystem: biotic and abiotic
factors, competition for resources,
and predator prey relationships.
Seawater magnified 25X
What are Macroscopic Ecosystems
Macroscopic ecosystems can also range in scale,
from a small freshwater pond to an entire
rainforest. Yet in either system, we will find
biotic and abiotic factors, competition for
resources, and predator prey relationships.
What is the Concept of Definition Map
Category
What is it?
Ecosystem
Comparison
What is it similar to?
Illustrations
What are some examples?
Properties
How would you
describe it?
How do we describe a population?
• Population size is the total # of organisms.
• Population distribution is how the organisms are spaced
in their environment. NO COUNTING…it’s a pattern.
• Population density is the # if organisms in a particular
area at a given time.
• Regions with the highest population size do not
necessarily have the highest population density, since
land area is an important variable in calculating
population densities
– China had a population in 2004 of 1,300,100,000 with
a density of 136 people/square kilometer
– Japan had a population of 127,600,000 with a density
of 338 people/square kilometer
Density/Distribution POGIL Pg. 22
Color does not matter.
• You are doing this as a table group and turning in one paper with
everyone’s name on it. Copy the instructions on Pg. 22.
• Jobs:
– Organizer–Reads the directions to the group and makes sure
everyone knows their jobs and all sections are completed.
– Communicator– only person allowed to communicate with
other groups and ask questions of the teacher.
– Timer—makes sure each part is done on time.
– Calculator– does any math necessary and runs the calculator.
– Recorder—decides how to record the answers on the
sheet…should be the only handwriting on the paper.
Do it again Pg. 20
• What is micro scale?
• Answer in Blue Black or Pencil.
Out Pg. 20
• What is Macro Scale?
• Answer in Blue Black or Pencil.
Get out your Spiral notebook
• Your notebooks are still being double checked by
me and yes I am slow. At 44 I move a lot more
slowly.
• You were instructed to have a 3 ring notebook
and 150 – 200 sheets of notebook paper we will
be using that today.
• We are going to do a couple of activities and a
few notes all in the ring notebook. Be sure to
keep all activities bound in your 3 ring notebook.
In: Pg 21
Density-average # of
individuals per unit of area
Size-the total # of individuals
How
Populations are
Described
Distribution-how the individuals are spread
through the environment
Do I
According to the human
population density map
of NV, which areas have
the
1. Greatest population
density?
2. Why?
Do it now
Pg. 21
• According to
the human
population
density map
of NV,
• Which areas
have the
Greatest
population
density?
• Why?
Take out a sheet of paper and answer the questions then pass it
to the end of the row.
Cause of Death in an Elk Population
1.
2.
3.
4.
What type of model is this?
What predators eat elk?
What is the main cause of death for 3-12 yo?
What age of elk do bears kill?
How do we describe a population?
• Population size is the total # of organisms.
• Population distribution is how the organisms are spaced
in their environment. NO COUNTING…it’s a pattern.
• Population density is the # if organisms in a particular
area at a given time.
• Regions with the highest population size do not
necessarily have the highest population density, since
land area is an important variable in calculating
population densities
– China had a population in 2004 of 1,300,100,000 with
a density of 136 people/square kilometer
– Japan had a population of 127,600,000 with a density
of 338 people/square kilometer
Write out these questions on a piece
of paper from your 3 ring notebook.
Population Projections Intro Questions
1. A rate is…
2. Growth rate is…
3. A population that is increasing has a_____ growth
rate.
4. A population that is decreasing has a __ growth
rate.
5. The 4 things that affect growth rate are…
6. ________ is the movement of organisms into a
population and _______ is the movement out.
Rates
• Rate is a measure of an event during a specific
amount of time
– Speed measures distance/time
– Birth/death rates are calculated in occurrences per
1000 usually during a year
#births = birth rate x pop1
#births = 10 babies x 50,000 people = 500 babies
1000 people
born
Populations
• Populations are all of
the individuals of a
species in an area or
region.
Population growth rates
• A population growth rate describes how a population
changes over time. Any population that increases in size
is said to have a positive growth rate. A decreasing
population has a negative growth rate. A population
that remains the same size has a zero growth rate.
What are the variables that determine a populations
growth rate? The growth of populations is regulated by
4 different factors: birth rate, death rate and the
movement of individual into(immigration) and out of
the population(emigration).
Calculating growth rates
Population =
Growth rate
Final pop. in year 10- Initial pop. in year 1
Initial pop. in year 1
Remember
If the population is increasing, it has a + number for its growth rate.
Initial pop.=5000
Growth rate =
Final pop.=15000
15000-5000=10000= 2
5000
5000
If the population is decreasing, it has a - number for its growth rate.
Initial pop.=6000
Growth rate =
Final pop.=2000
2000-6000= -4000= -.67
6000
6000
• The slope of a line tells you a population’s
growth rate
0
#
Of
Indiv.
__
+
Years
• Carrying capacity = the number of organisms a
particular habitat can sustain
Exponential growth
Carrying capacity
Logistic growth
# of
individuals
Time
Population Dynamics: The study of the change in
a population over time.
Demography: The study of human populations.
Population doubling time: the # of years it will
take for a populations current population
size to double
IN pg. 24
• Draw a graph that illustrates Logistic growth,
growth, Exponential growth & Carrying
Capacity, this was the second to last slide of
your notes last time.
• Answer in Blue Ink, Red Ink or Pencil.
Do it Now Pg. 24
• Draw a graph that illustrates the following
growth rates in this order using one line: + or
positive, 0 or Neutral, and – or Negative. This
was also in the notes you took or were
supposed to complete at home on your own.
• Answer in Blue Ink, Red Ink or Pencil.
Lions of the Ngrorngoro Crater Pg. 25
• Worksheet will be stapled taped or glued on
Pg. 25 but is must be able to be graded on
both sides.
Do it again Pg. 24
• What happened to the Lions in the
Ngrorngoro Crater?
• Answer in Blue Ink, Black Ink or Pencil.
Out Pg. 24
• If you don’t get an activity done in class that
was on my.ccsd.net or had an address on a
worksheet handed out in class what are you
instructed to do?
• Answer in Blue Ink, Black Ink or Pencil.
In pg. 26
• What is exponential growth & what are good
factors for exponential growth?
• Answer in Blue ink, Black in or Pencil.
Do it Now Pg. 26
• What is the equation for population growth
rate?
• Answer in Blue ink, Black in or Pencil.
Pg. 28 & 29 Population Growth Rate
exercise.
• Pg. 28 Population
growth rate data table
page.
• Pg. 29 population
growth rate graph page.
Study Guide Pg. 27
• Glue, Staple or tape Study Guide in on page.
27, but must be done so I can read both sides.
• Test next class – Friday for Odd and Monday
for Even.
• Notebook check Tuesday for Odd and
Wednesday for even.
Do it again Pg. 26
• What has to happen in a population for a
positive growth rate to occur?
• Answer in Blue ink, Black in or Pencil.
Out Pg. 26
• What happened to the population of Lions
over time in the last activity? What were the
limiting factors they faced?
• Answer in Blue ink, Black in or Pencil.