DEER2015 Code Update
Presentation of Documentation and Draft Results
DEER2015 Code Update
Comment period: 24 October – 10 November 2014
Final release: 24 November 2014
DEER2015 Code Update
DEER2015 is an incremental update of DEER2014 for measures impacted by the codes and
standards (C&S) updates contained in the United States Code of Federal Regulations (430.32)
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Measure definition and UES values update only (kWh, kW and therm)
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Description of update and links to supporting documents can be found at:
DEEResources.com, DEER2015 Code Update page
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New Technologies, Measures, and Energy Impacts are added to the latest ex ante
database and are accessible using the latest version of READI (v2.1.0)
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DEER2015 Code Update
• Technology Categories impacted:
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Refrigerator/Freezer & Freezer
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Appliances manufactured after September 14th, 2014 are subject to new Federal standards.
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Additional categories of appliances are included in the new code to account for the presence
of ice-makers and through-the-door ice service.
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The 12 DEER2014 refrigerator and freezer efficiency measures are updated with 92 measure
definitions that cover a wider range of appliance configurations, sizes and efficiency levels
(including weighted configurations and sizes).
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Tier 1 is 10% less than maximum allowed by code, which matches the updated Energy-Star
requirement.
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=refrig.pr_crit_refrigerators
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Tier 2 is 30% less than maximum allowed by code.
Refrigerator/Freezer & Freezer
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Example DEER2015 vs. DEER2014 rated kWh/yr by configuration:
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New standards include more detailed configurations and generally have a bit lower rated energy use compared to
previous standards.
Refrigerator/Freezer & Freezer
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Category weights and size ranges from CLASS data were used to create a typical size for each
configuration and a typical configuration.
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Energy Impacts are based on the same scaled energy impact values from DEER2014 (impacts
per ∆Rated-kWh).
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Direct energy impacts have been restored (dropped in DEER2014).
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Pre-existing technologies for the expanded categories have not been established, therefore
the DEER2015 measures support replace-on-burnout and new construction measure
applications but do not support early-retirement.
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Are there additional measure definitions that would be useful to support PA programs?
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Refrigerator/Freezer & Freezer
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Published documentation:
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Other documents of interest:
Federal Code: http://www.ecfr.gov section 430.32 (a)
http://deeresources.com/files/DEER2015/download/2015DEER-RefrigeratorFreezerUpdate-1Oct2014.xlsx
http://deeresources.com/files/DEER2015/download/DEER2015-RefrigeratorUpdate-Weights-from-CLASS.xlsx
CLASS report: http://www.energydataweb.com/cpucFiles/pdaDocs/1096/2014%2005_21%20WO21%20CLASS%20Final%20Report.pdf
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Small Storage and Instantaneous Water Heaters
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The minimum rated Energy Factor (EF) for small storage and small instantaneous water
heaters is updated by the Federal energy code (CR 430.32) for units manufactured after April
15th, 2015.
Small Storage and Instantaneous Water Heaters
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The updated code includes significant increases in the rated EF for gas and electric storage
water heaters over 55 gallons.
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Electric storage water heaters over 55 gallons require a heat pump water heater to meet the
minimum efficiency.
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Small Storage and Instantaneous Water Heaters
Efficiency tier levels were increased for all configurations to accommodate the new code
minimum efficiency.
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DEER2015 Water Heater Tier levels:
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All electric water heaters measures utilize a heat pump water heater as the measure
technology.
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Small Storage and Instantaneous Water Heaters
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A new workbook calculator was developed to estimate energy use of heat pump water
heaters.
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The water heater calculator was developed based on output from the DEER2014 simulation
prototypes and available performance data for heat pump water heaters. For consistency
between measure technologies, all water heater technologies were modeled with the new
tool.
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There are limitations to the heat pump water heater model, but it is based on the best data
currently available. See supporting documentation for details.
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As market penetration of heat pump water heaters grows, additional performance data
should become available.
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Small Storage and Instantaneous Water Heaters
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Overview of calculator:
1. Hot water load extracted from DEER2014 prototypes and scaled for each individual water heater
technology.
2. Environmental temperatures extracted from DEER2014 prototypes for a variety of locations,
including garage, conditioned storage, unconditioned storage, hallway, outdoor.
3. Annual energy use of each defined technology determined via hourly calculation.
4. Measure energy impacts determined by comparing the scaled energy use of each technology
involved in a measure definition.
• The water heater tool can be used to estimate savings of additional technologies and
measure definitions.
• Are there additional measure definitions that would be useful to support PA programs?
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Small Storage and Instantaneous Water Heaters
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Published documentation:
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The workbook tool:
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http://deeresources.com/files/DEER2015/download/DEER-WaterHeater-Calculator-v1.0.xlsm
http://deeresources.com/files/DEER2015/download/2015DEER-WaterHeater-Update-1Oct2014.pdf
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Other documents of interest:
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Other references:
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http://deeresources.com/files/DEER2015/download/2015DEER-SmallStorageWaterHeaterUpdate-1Oct2014.xlsx
Federal Code: http://www.ecfr.gov section 430.32 (a)
Title
Date
Source
NEEA Heat Pump Water Heater Field Study
10/22/2013
Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance/ Fluid Market
Strategies
Heat Pump Water Heater Technology Assessment
1/22/2013
NREL
Residential Heat Pump Water Heater Evaluation: Lab Testing and
Energy Use Estimates
11/9/2011
Study By Ecotope, available at bpa.gov
Heat Pump Water Heaters - Evaluation of Field Installed
Performance
6/26/2012
Steven Winter Associates
Commercial Gas Furnace
430.32 (ii) of the federal code sets the minimum AFUE of weatherized gas furnaces manufactured
on or after January 1, 2015 to 81 AFUE. Previous code set this value 80 AFUE.
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DEER2014 commercial furnace measures are updated with the new AFUE 81 for code case.
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The same energy impacts, scaled based on HIR, are used for the updated measure
definitions.
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The above-code energy impacts decrease in proportion to the new difference in AFUE
specifications.
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Commercial Gas Furnace
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Published documentation:
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Other documents of interest:
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http://deeresources.com/files/DEER2015/download/2015DEER-CommercialFurnaceUpdate-1Oct2014.xlsx
Federal Code: http://www.ecfr.gov section 430.32 (a)
Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
SEER-rated packaged and split AC and HP measures are updated based on two new code
requirements:
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The minimum SEER rating is increased from 13 to 14
The minimum EER for split systems is specified for equipment above and below 45 kBTU/hr
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12.2 EER for units less than 45 kBTU/h
11.7 EER for units greater than or equal to 45 kBTU/h
69 new measures replace 34 measures in DEER2014
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Additional tier levels are defined (commercial systems up to SEER18)
Size ranges are split above and below 45 kBTU/hr.
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(economizer requirements already split the size ranges above and below 55 kBTU/hr)
Other than code-based SEER and EER changes, there are a number of related HVAC modeling
updates required to bring the prototypes up-to-date with existing market and stock.
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Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
HVAC Update: SEER-rated equipment performance maps
New performance maps were derived for SEER-rated equipment that are currently available and
meet the new code requirements. In particular, new performance maps are needed so that the
EER requirements for SEER 14 equipment can be met.
Each equipment tier level has a performance map that specifies:
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supply fan power
compressor power
condenser fan power
changes in performance (capacity and energy use) based on part-load
changes in performance based on entering and ambient conditions
The new performance maps are based on a large sample of available equipment and lead to
robust incremental performance across efficiency tiers within a size category.
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Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
HVAC Update: Performance maps for EER rated packaged AC measures
Performance maps for the EER-rated equipment were evaluated as part of this update.
Performance data were gathered for available code and tier level equipment that have IEER
ratings.
Of note, supply fan power was found to not vary by EER within a given size category for
commercial systems. For the new commercial EER-rated performance maps, supply fan power is
constant across tier levels for each size category, thus all energy impacts are due to
improvements in compressor/condenser performance.
As with the SEER-rated equipment, the new performance maps are based on a larger sample of
available equipment and lead to more robust incremental performance across efficiency tiers
within a size category.
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Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
The updated performance maps allow IEER
ratings to be published for each tier level.
If IEER-based measures are needed to
support PA offerings, the existing measures
can be weighted to produce integral IEER
tier levels.
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Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
HVAC update: system type of larger EER-rated measures
In DEER2011 and DEER2014, the EER-rated measures for equipment over 20 tons was applied to
either a packaged single-zone system or a multi-zone variable volume system, based on the
default HVAC type of the building prototype being simulated. The energy impacts associated
with these measures do not indicate which system type was applied to each building type.
For DEER2015, the EER-rated measures over 20 tons are applied to both single-zone and multizone system types when applicable to a given building type. The energy impact records indicate
which system type was (cDXGF or cPVVG) used when determining savings.
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Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
HVAC update: HVAC equipment vintage specification
In DEER2014, the HVAC specifications vary for each building vintage, reflecting HVAC
specifications more than 35 years old. Packaged HVAC equipment has an effective useful life of
15 years.
For DEER2015, building vintages prior to 2002 are updated to use packaged HVAC equipment
that is approximately 12 years old and associated with the 2002-2005 building vintage. See the
workbook documentation for details on efficiency level changes.
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Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
HVAC update: Energy Impacts of Economizer in HVAC efficiency measures
For commercial SEER-rated equipment above 55 kBTU/hr and EER-rated equipment less than
110 kBTU/hr, economizer is required in the latest building vintage only (2014).
• Measures in this category assume no economizer in vintages before 2014.
• Above pre-existing energy impacts for these measures include the effects of improved
equipment efficiency (as indicated by the SEER or EER rating) as well as the addition of an
economizer.
• To separate the impacts of economizer and efficiency improvements, 18 additional measures
are defined for equipment in this category with an economizer in the base case. The energy
impacts of these measures do not include the effects of the pre-existing case not having an
economizer and the measure case having an economizer.
(MeasureIDs are appended with “-wPreEcono”)
• These new measure definitions are in addition to the original measure definitions that
include the economizer impacts.
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Summary of Changes
Refrigerator/Freezers and Freezers
• New measures with more detailed configurations
• Two tier levels
Water Heaters
• Much higher minimum code efficiency levels
• Heat pump water heaters required for electric water heaters
• Commercial energy impacts are per “Each” water heater, not per “Cap-kBTUh”
Commercial weatherized furnaces
• Minimum code level increases from 80 to 81 AFUE
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Summary of Changes
HVAC: SEER-rated Packaged and Split AC & HP measures
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Minimum SEER rating increases from 13 to 40 for all equipment
New EER requirements apply to equipment above and below 45 kBTU/h
Additional tier levels included for all categories
Performance maps updated based on compliant equipment
HVAC systems of oldest vintages updated to be ~12 years old
Additional measures separate economizer impacts from fan and compressor improvements
HVAC: EER-rated Packaged Air Conditioners
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IEER ratings included for all code and measure equipment
Additional tier levels included for all categories
Performance maps updated based on compliant equipment
HVAC systems of oldest vintages updated to be ~12 years old
Additional measures separate economizer impacts from fan and compressor improvements
Tools
MASControl for DEER2015
• A draft updated version of the MASControl software used for this update has been posted to
the DEER2015 page of DEEResources.com.
• All of the new HVAC measures are available for simulation.
• Refrigerators and commercial furnaces are scaled measures that require only new measure
definitions. Details of these measure definitions are in the documentation workbooks.
Water Heater Calculator
• The water heater calculator that is used for all of the DEER2015 water heater measures.
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