Кафедра біохімії
Module 4
Medical faculty 2- d course
1. DNA does not contain
A. Thymine
B. Adenine
C. Uracil
D. Deoxyribose
E. Both C and D
ANSWER: C
2. DNA is
A. Usually present in tissues as a nucleo protein nd cannot be separated from its protein
component
B. A long chain polymer in which the internucleotide linkages are of the diester type between C3’ and C-5’
C. Different from RNA since in the latter the internucleotide linkages are between C-2’ and C-5’
D. Hydrolyzed by weal alkali (pH9 to 100°C)
E. Both a and B
ANSWER: B
3. Free ammonia is liberated during the catabolism of
A. Cytosine
B. Uracil
C. Thymine
D. All of these
E. None of these
ANSWER: D
4. Genetic information flows from
A. DNA to DNA
B. DNA to RNA
C. RNA to cellular proteins
D. DNA to cellular proteins
E. RNA to RNA
ANSWER: B
5. Genetic information in human beings is stored in
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. ATP
E. None of these
ANSWER: A
6. Gout is a metabolic disorder of catabolism of
A. Pyrimidine
B. Purine
C. Alanine
D. Phenylalanine
E. Both A and B
ANSWER: B
7. Hypouricaemia can occur in
A. Xanthine oxidase deficiency
B. Psoriasis
C. Leukaemia
D. All of these
E. None of these
ANSWER: A
8. In DNA molecule
A. Guanine content does not equal cytosine content
B. Adenine content does not equal thymine content
C. Adenine content equals uracil content
D. Guanine content equals cytosine content
E. A and D are correct
ANSWER: D
9. In the biosynthesis of purine nucleotides the AMP feed back regulates
A. Adenylosuccinase
B. Adenylosuccinate synthetase
C. IMP dehydrogenase
D. HGPR Tase
E. Both B and C
ANSWER: B
10. Orotic aciduria can be controlled by
A. Oral administration of orotic acid
B. Decreasing the dietary intake of orotic acid
C. Decreasing the dietary intake of pyrimidines
D. Oral administration of uridine
E. Both B and D
ANSWER: D
11. Progressive transmethylation of ethanolamine gives
A. Creatinine
B. Choline
C. Methionine
D. N-methyl nicotinamide
E. Adenine
ANSWER: C
12. RNA does not contain
A. adenine
B. OH methyl cytosine
C. d-ribose
D. Uracil
E. Both A and B
ANSWER: B
13. Tetrahydrofolate is required as a coenzyme for the synthesis of
A. UMP
B. CMP
C. TMP
D. All of these
E. None of these
ANSWER: C
14. Transcription is the formation of
A. DNA from a parent DNA
B. mRNA from a parent mRNA
C. pre mRNA from DNA
D. protein through mRNA
E. protein through DNA
ANSWER: C
15. Translation is the formation of
A. DNA from DNA
B. mRNA from DNA
C. Protein through mRNA
D. mRNA from pre mRNA
E. Protein through DNA
ANSWER: C
16. UDP and UTP are formed by phosphorylation from
A. AMP
B. ADP
C. ATP
D. GTP
E. All of these
ANSWER: C
17. UTP is converted to CTP by
A. Methylation
B. Isomerisation
C. Amination
D. Reduction
E. Oxidation
ANSWER: C
18.Whcih of the following compound is present in RNA but absent from DNA?
A. Thymine
B. Cytosine
C. Uracil
D. Guanine
E. Both A and B
ANSWER: C
19. Which of the following contains a deoxy sugar?
A. RNA
B. DNA
C. ATP
D. UTP
E. AMP
ANSWER: B
20. 5-Phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate is required for the synthesis of
A. Purine nucleotides
B. Pyrimidine nucleotides
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. Uric acid
E. None of these
ANSWER: C
21. A nitrogenous base that does not occur in mRNA is
A. Cytosine
B. Thymine
C. Uracil
D. Both A and C
E. All of these
ANSWER: A
22. A purine nucleotide is
A. AMP
B. UMP
C. CMP
D. TMP
E. Both A and B
ANSWER: A
23. A pyrimidine nucleotide is
A. GMP
B. AMP
C. CMP
D. IMP
E. C and D are correct
ANSWER: A
24. Alanine is formed from catabolism of
A. Thymine
B. Thymine and cytosine
C. Thymine and uracil
D. Cytosine and uracil
E. Adenine
ANSWER: D
25. Alimentary hyperuricemia, which can appear due to functioning of „salvage pathway” in
which excess of hypoxanthine transforms into:
A. Xanthine
B. Inosine
C. Uric acid
D. Guanine
E. Uracil
ANSWER: D
26. All the following statements about primary gout are true except
A. Its inheritance is X-linked recessive
B. It can be due to increased activity of PRPP synthetase
C. It can be due to increased activity of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase
D. De novo synthesis of purines is increased in it
E. Both C and D
ANSWER: C
27. Amount of uric acid which excreted daily is:
A. Not excreted
B. 10-12 g/day
C. 4-8 mg/day
D. 270-600 mg/day
E. 2-5 g/day
ANSWER: D
28. Biochemical index, which characterizes the genetic disorder of UMP biosynthesis is
following:
A. Aspartataciduria
B. Orotaciduria
C. Gomogentisinuria
D. Uraciluria
E. Cytosinuria
ANSWER: B
29. Carbamoyl phosphate reacts with aspartate with formation:
A. Dihydroorotic acid
B. Orotic acid
C. Orotidine-5-phosphate
D. Carbamoyl aspartate
E. UDP
ANSWER: D
30. Choose enzyme which catalyses the first reaction of pyrimidine nucleotides biosynthesis:
A. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
B. Phosphoribosil transferase
C. Ornitine carbamoyl phosphattransferase
D. Aspartate aminotransferase
E. Alanine aminotransferase
ANSWER: A
31. Daily uric acid excretion in adult men is
A. 2–6 mg
B. 20–40 mg
C. 150–250 mg
D. 40–600 mg
E. 2-6 g
ANSWER: D
32.De novo synthesis of purine nucleotide occurs in
A. Mitochondria
B. Cytosol
C. Microsmes
D. Ribosomes
E. Nucleus
ANSWER: B
33. De novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides occurs in
A. Mitochondria
B. Cytosol
C. Microsomes
D. Nucleus
E. Ribosomes
ANSWER: B
34. Deficiency of which of below mentioned enzyme causes orotaciduria?
A. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase ІІ
B. Aspartate carbamoyl transferase
C. Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase
D. Orotate carboxylase
E. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
ANSWER: C
35. Deposition of uric acid crystals in joints results in development of such desease:
A. Pellagra
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Xanthinuria
D. Gout
E. Alkaptonuria
ANSWER: D
36. Dietary purines are catabolised in
A. Liver
B. Kidneys
C. Intesitnal mucosa
D. Brain
E. All of these
ANSWER: C
37. Disintegration of nucleic acids in small intestine requires such enzymes:
A. Lipase
B. DNA and RNA-аse
C. Amylase
D. Glucose-6-phosphatese
E. Alcoholdehydrogenase
ANSWER: B
38. Double helical structure model of the DNA was proposed by
A. Pauling and Corey
B. Peter Mitchell
C. Watson and Crick
D. King and Wooten
E. Horbachevsky
ANSWER: C
39. For the synthesis of pyrimidine bases used all substanses except:
A. NH3
B. CO2
C. ATP
D. N2O
E. H2SO4
ANSWER: E
40. For transformation of inosine monophosphate to adenylate NH2 is needed. The donor of it is:
A. glycine
B. aspartate
C. glutamine
D. serine
E. methionine
ANSWER: B
41. Gout is characterized by increased plasma levels of
A. Urea
B. Uric acid
C. Creatine
D. Creatinine
E. Ammonia
ANSWER: B
42. How uric acid excretes from an organism?
A. With saliva
B. With feces
C. With sweat
D. With urine
E. With hepato-enteral circulation
ANSWER: D
43. In humans end product of purine catabolism is
A. Uric acid
B. Urea
C. Allantoin
D. Xanthine
E. Ammonia
ANSWER: A
44. In inherited deficiency of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase
A. De novo synthesis of purine nucleotides is decreased
B. Salvage of purines is decreased
C. Salvage of purines is increased
D. Synthesis of uric acid is decreased
E. All of these
ANSWER: B
45. In mammals other than higher primates uric acid is converted by
A. Oxidation to allantoin
B. Reduction to ammonia
C. Hydrolysis to ammonia
D. Hydrolysis to allantoin
E. None of the above
ANSWER: A
46. Last reaction of uric acid synthesis catalyses such enzyme:
A. 5-nucleotides
B. Adenosine deaminase
C. Xantine oxidase
D. Guanine deaminase
E. Phosphorylase
ANSWER: C
47. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, the sex linked recessive disorder is due to the lack of the enzyme:
A. Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferse
B. Xanthine oxidase
C. Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase
D. Adenosine deaminase
E. Both A and B
ANSWER: A
48. Medicine, which is used for treatment of gout is the structural analogue of hypoxanthine, it:
A. Salts of lithium
B. Anturan
C. Allopyrinol
D. Uridine
E. Acetilisoniazid
ANSWER: C
49. Name an enzyme which catalyzes oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric
acid:
A. Pirophosphorylase
B. Isocitratdehydrogenase
C. Succcinatdehydrogenase
D. Cytochromoxidase
E. Xanthineoksidase
ANSWER: E
50. Name nitrogen bases that enter into the structure of DNA:
A. Guanine, uracil, thymine
B. Cytosine, uracil, thymine
C. Uracil, adenine, guanine
D. Adenine, thymine, guanine
E. Thymine, adenine, uracil
ANSWER: D
51. Name nitrogenous bases included into the structure of RNA:
A. Guanine, uracil, thymine
B. Cytosine, adenine, thymine
C. Uracil, adenine, guanine
D. Adenine, thymine, guanine
E. Thymine, adenine, uracil
ANSWER: C
52. Name the structural monomers of DNA molecule:
A. Mononucleotides
B. Nucleosides
C. Nitric bases
D. Polynucleotides
E. Peptides
ANSWER: A
53. Name the substrate for synthesis of pyrimidine bases:
A. Cytosine
B. Ornithine
C. Carbamoyl phosphate
D. Citrate
E. Fumarate
ANSWER: C
54. Nitrogen at position 1 of pyrimidine nucleus comes from
A. Glutamine
B. Glutamate
C. Glycine
D. Aspartate
E. Asparagine
ANSWER: D
55. Nitrogenous bases are used for the synthesis of such substances as?
A. Cholesterol
B. Carbohydrates
C. Catecholamines
D. Nucleic acids
E. Fatty acids
ANSWER: D
56. Nucleic acids are:
A. Mononucleotides
B. Nucleosides
C. Nucleoproteins
D. Polynucleotides
E. Dinucleotides
ANSWER: D
57. Nucleotides required for the synthesis of nucleic acids can be obtained from
A. Dietary nucleic acids and nucleotides
B. De novo synthesis
C. Salvage of pre-existing bases and nucleosides
D. De novo synthesis and salvage
E. Both A and B
ANSWER: D
58. Orotaciduriya is accompanied the followings symptoms:
A. Dermatitis of the opened areas of body
B. Bleeding, disorders of growth
C. Disorders of mental development, galactosemia
D. Disorders of physical and mental development, megaloblastic anemia
E. Diarrhea, dermatitis, demention
ANSWER: D
59. The constant increase of uric acid concentration in blood is named:
A. Uremia
B. Hyperazotemiya
C. Hyperacidaminemiya
D. Hyperlaktatemiya
E. Hyperuricemia
ANSWER: A
60. The end product of purine catabolism in man is
A. Inosine
B. Hypoxanthine
C. Xanthine
D. Uric acid
E. Urea
ANSWER: D
61. The enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase of pyrimidine biosynthesis is inhibited by
A. ATP
B. ADP
C. AMP
D. CTP
E. GMP
ANSWER: D
62. According to Chargaff's rule, the following proportion exists in DNA
A. C=G
B. C»T
C. C»G
D. C=T
E. None of the above
ANSWER: A
63. Conformity of A-T, G-C in the DNA molecule is defined as a rule of:
A. Watson
B. Crick
C. Chargaphe
D. Jakob
E. Starling
ANSWER: C
64. In DNA guanine always pairs with
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Guanine
D. Thymine
E. Uracil
ANSWER: D
65. In DNA, thymine always pairs with
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Guanine
D. Thymine
E. Uracil
ANSWER: A
66. In replication of DNA, the helix is opened and untwisted by
A. Ribase
B. Ligase
C. Deoxase
D. Helicase
E. Polymerase
ANSWER: D
67. In the DNA molecule:
A. Adenine pairs with thymine
B. Guanine pairs with thymine
C. Cytosine pairs with thymine
D. Adenine pairs with cytosine
E. All of the above are possible.
ANSWER: A
68. Name nitrogen bases that enter to the structure of DNA:
A. Guanine, uracil, thymine
B. Cytosine, uracil, thymine
C. Uracil, adenine, guanine
D. Adenine, thymine, guanine
E. Thymine, adenine, uracil
ANSWER: D
69. Name nitrogenous bases included into the structure of RNA:
A. Guanine, uracil, thymine
B. Cytosine, adenine, thymine
C. Uracil, adenine, guanine
D. Adenine, thymine, guanine
E. Thymine, adenine, uracil
ANSWER: C
70. Name proteins that take part in the regulation of transcription in eukaryotes?
A. Albumins
B. Globulins
C. Immunoglobulins
D. Histons
E. Cathepsins
ANSWER: D
71. Name the mechanism of DNA replication:
A. Semiconservative
B. Conservative
C. Depressive
D. Repressive
E. Replicative
ANSWER: A
72. Named the structural monomers of DNA molecule:
A. Mononucleotides
B. Nucleosides
C. Nitric bases
D. Polynucleotides
E. Peptides
ANSWER: A
73. Okazaki fragments are used to elongate
A. The leading strand toward the replication fork
B. The lagging strand toward the replication fork
C. Both strands in both directions
D. The leading strand away from the replication fork
E. The lagging strand away from the replication fork
ANSWER: D
74. Primer is synthesized by specific:
A. Primase
B. DNA – ligase
C. RNA – ligase
D. RNA - polymerase
E. None of above
ANSWER: A
75. Proteins that block the passage of RNA polymerase are called:
A. Operons
B. Activators
C. Repressors
D. Enhancers
E. Promoters
ANSWER: C
76. RNA synthesis on a DNA template is called __________.
A. Transformation
B. Translation
C. Transduction
D. Transcription
E. Transfection
ANSWER: D
77. What biochemical symptoms are specific for diabetes mellitus?
A. Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, decreased urine density
B. Hypoglycemia, glucosuria, increased urine density, acidosis
C. Hypoglycemia, glucosuria, normal urine density
D. Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, decreased urine density, acidosis
E. Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, increased urine density, acidosis
ANSWER: E
78. What from next hormones has anabolic effects?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Epinephrine
D. Thyroxine in high concentrations
E. Norepinephrine
ANSWER: A
79. What from the below mentioned hormones are catecholamins?
A. Cortisol, hydrocortisol
B. Thyroxine
C. Estriol, estradiol
D. Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
E. Insulin, glucagon
ANSWER: D
80. What from the transferred hormones is not secreted by a pancreas?
A. Somatostatin;
B. Glucagon;
C. Somatomedin;
D. Insulin;
E. Lipocain.
ANSWER: C
81. What hormone promotes glycogen synthesis?
A. Glucagon
B. Epinephrine
C. Thyroxine
D. Insulin
E. Parathormone
ANSWER: D
82. What hormone promotes lipogenesis?
A. Epinephrine
B. Thyroxine
C. Parathormone
D. Glucagon
E. Insulin
ANSWER: E
83. What is the chemical nature of catecholamins?
A. Proteins
B. Peptids
C. Derivatives of amino acid
D. Steroids
E. Derivatives of arachidonic acid
ANSWER: C
84. What is the chemical nature of insulin?
A. Nucleotide
B. Protein
C. Steroid
D. Carbohydrate
E. Lipid
ANSWER: B
85. What metal is needed for functioning of insulin?
A. Iron
B. Copper
C. Cobalt
D. Calcium
E. Zinc
ANSWER: E
86. Where are catecholamins secrected?
A. In a thyroid gland
B. In a parathyroid glands
C. In the cortex of a suprarenal gland
D. In the medulla of a suprarenal gland
E. In the islets of Langerhans of pancreas
ANSWER: D
87. Where is insulin synthesized?
A. In alfa-cells of Langergans ilets
B. In the beta-cells of Langergans ilets
C. In the delta-cells of Langergansa ilets
D. In the endothelial cells of conclusion channels of pancreas
E. In стромі of pancreas
ANSWER: B
88. Where is rennin synthesized?
A. In a liver
B. In a pancreas
C. In a thyroid gland
D. In kidneys
E. In a hypophysis
ANSWER: D
89. Which from below mentioned hormones is a complex protein?
A. ACTH.
B. Follicle stimulating hormone
C. Oxytocin
D. Glucagon
E. Somatostatin
ANSWER: B
90. Which of the following hormones promotes hypoglycemia?
A. Epinephrine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Insulin
D. Glucagon
E. Glucocorticoids
ANSWER: C
91. A dietary deficiency of iodine can:
A. Directly affect the synthesis of thyroglobulin on ribosomes
B. Result in increased secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone
C. Result in decreased production of thyrotropin releasing hormone
D. Result in increased heat production
E. Result in decreased heat production
ANSWER: B
92. A hormone that increases sodium loss and lowers blood pressure is
A. Aldosterone
B. Atrial natriuretic peptide
C. Antidiuretic hormone
D. Calcitonin
E. Glucagon
ANSWER: B
93. Adrenaline is...
A. Produced by the adrenal cortex
B. Also called epinephrine
C. Released when the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated
D. None of the above
E. All of the above
ANSWER: B
94. An example of a mineralocorticoid is:
A. Glucagon
B. Cortisol
C. Aldosterone
D. Testosterone
E. Insulin
ANSWER: C
95. Chemical nature of calcitonin:
A. A. Peptide
B. B. Steroid
C. C. Derivative of amino acid
D. D. Derivative of аrachidonic acid
E. E. Glycoprotein
ANSWER: A
96. Chemical nature of parathormone:
A. A. Protein
B. B. Steroid
C. C. Derivate of amino acid
D. D. Lipid
E. E. Derivate of arachidonic acid
ANSWER: A
97. Chemical nature of sex hormones
A. A. Proteins
B. B. Peptides
C. C. Steroids
D. D. Derivates of the unsaturated fatty acids
E. E. Derivates of amino acids
ANSWER: C
98. Choose a male sex hormone:
A. A. Estradiole
B. B. Testosterone
C. C. Cortizon
D. D. Progesterone
E. E. Cortikosterone
ANSWER: B
99. Choose the correct name of the state of hyperglycemia and glucosuria that appears in
hypercorticism?
A. A. Diabetes mellitus
B. B. Diabetes insipidus
C. C. Steroid diabetes
D. D. Kidney diabetes
E. E. Adrenal diabetes
ANSWER: C
100. Excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland
A. Is called hypothyroidism
B. Can cause nervousness, irregular heartbeat, and weight loss
C. Can cause stunted growth and retardation in children
D. Can cause a goiter
E. Can cause riskets
ANSWER: B