Part 1: For each item, fill in the missing term or terms.
1. The May Fourth Movement looked to the October 1917 ____Bolshevik_____
Revolution in ___Russia_______ as a model for China’s own nationalist revolution.
2. Under South Africa’s ____legal_____ system, four legally unequal racial groups
included whites, ____coloured____, blacks, and people of mixed race.
3. In 1885, a group of educated Indian men formed the Indian National
__Congress_______ and began to press for equality and self-government.
4. In the mid–1960s, President _ Lyndon B. Johnson_______ declared an
unconditional war on __poverty________ that ended up supporting many community
action programs.
5. during the period of the Cultural Revolution in China, the little __Red______ Book
became “holy scripture” for the cadres called the ______Red____ Guards.
6. Following the Civil War in America, under the _Crop-lien_________ system, blacks paid
landowners about half of their crops in exchange for a cabin, land, mules, and seed.
7. In the 1970s, __Strategic________ Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) attempted to regulate
the rate at which the two superpowers produced nuclear weapons.
8. In 1908, to block Serbia’s expansion in the Balkans, ___ Ottoman caricature_____
annexed ___ of Bosnia______ and Herzegovina.
9. Legislative measures enacted under Franklin Roosevelt’s New_____Deal____ included
the Public Works __________ Administration and Agricultural ____Adjustment_______
Act.
Part 2: Respond to each of the following with one, but no more than three complete
sentences.
1. The United Nations is enabled to intervene militarily in international conflicts. Why is
this power seldom used?
Because the United Nations do not have their own military, they must rely on other nations for
troops.
2. What was the concept of manifest destiny?
The idea that Europeans were given the benefit by God to inherit the land. If you were a Native
American, and the term Manifest Destiny is the term used to justify this without the guilt. Manifest
destiny is just means taking the lands from the Indians.
4. Who was Salvador Allende?
He was the President of Chile from 1970-1973, and also the head of the Popular Unity Government.
He was Chile’s first socialist president.
5. What countries made up the Grand Alliance during World War II, and what was the first policy they
agreed upon?
The countries that made up the Grand Alliance during World War II were the United States, the Soviet
Union, and Great Britain. The first policy they agreed upon was on how to defect Germany.
6. What factors shaped social and political developments in postwar America? Some factors that shaped
social and political developments in postwar America was Communism and Democracy. With advance
science, this created the threat of nuclear bombs and paranoia in America.
7. In 1906, what was Iran’s Majlis?
Majlis was also the name of the lower house of theIranian Legislature from 1906 to 1979, the
upper house being the Senate.
8. How and why did East Pakistan become Bangladesh?
In 1971, East Pakistan decided to seek independence.
9. In the early nineteenth century, why did Germany decide to build up its naval fleet? How did Britain
respond to this? Germany did not have control of the military even though the Imperial German Army
was powerful. The military was under the command of Kaiser (Emperor). In the 1900s Germany built up
its own (much smaller) colonial empire, and started a naval race to try and catch up with Britain, the
world's dominant naval power. In 1905, Britain, alarmed by German’s naval expansion reached an
understanding, with France. In 1907 Britain and Russia set aside their long-standing rivalry over
India and Persia, to form a triple alliance with France against potential German aggression.
10. What was the substance of the Brezhnev Doctrine?
The substance of socialist democracy lies in efficient socialist organization of all society for the sake
of every individual, and in the socialist discipline of every individual for the sake of all society.
Part 3: Respond to each item in a complete, concise paragraph.
1. What factors were involved in the spread of World War I into the Middle East?
Some factors that lead to Ottoman involvement on the side of Central Powers were German
pressure, and the opportunism of Turkish minister Enver Pasha. The Ottoman Empire joined the Central
Power to form the Triple Alliance with the signing of the Turco-German Alliance of 1914.
2. Following World War I, what provoked uncertainties in Western philosophy and religion?
World War I also called into question colonialism and the superiority of Western civilization and
culture. It was not the backwater heathens and savages who caused the war and made it so terrible, but
the supposedly most civilized and cultured people on earth. To the people in the colonies, it suddenly
seemed as if the Europeans should no longer be admired and emulated so much.
3. Explain the cocoa holdups and their significance to African nationalism.
Kwame Nkrumah, a Ghanaian, did his best to make that point to the emerging nations. The mass
protests that accompanies the deprivations of the Great Depression in particular the cocoa
holdups of 1930-1931 and 1937-1938 proved to be the catalyst for the development of African
nationalism.
Cocoa completely dominated the Gold Coast’s economy. As prices plummeted after 1929, cocoa
farmers refused to sell their beans to the large British firms that fixed prices and monopolized on
trade.