Scope of nursing practice
Introduction to Nursing
profession
230
Rawhia Salah
2015/2016
Outline
• Definition of health
• Definition of illness
• Definition of health-illness continuum
• Factors affecting health
• Definition of the scope of nursing practice
• Aspect of the scope of nursing practice
Introduction
• Health is important to individuals, families,
and
communities.
It
is
important
to
individual to feel healthy, to be able to
perform needed work, and to enjoy life.
Definition of Health
“A state of complete physical, mental and
social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity".
Definition of illness
It is defined as a state in which a person's
physical,
emotional,
intellectual,
social,
developmental and spiritual functioning is
diminished
or
previous level.
impaired
compared
with
Causes of illness
• Physiological
• Psychological
• Infectious illness
• Injury that affects functioning and occurs
when there is an inability to meet one’s
needs.
Health-illness continuum
• It is one way to measure a person’s level of
health. This continuum views health as
dynamic state because health involves a
range of degrees from optimal health at one
end to total disability or death at the other.
Health-illness continuum
The scope of nursing practice
• Scope is defined by the “who,” “what,”
“where,” “when,” “why,” and “how” of
nursing practice, including advanced practice
nursing.
• Scope also refers to the range of roles,
functions, responsibilities and activities, which
a nurse has the authority to perform
The scope of nursing practice
• Nurses participate as a member of the health team
in all phases of the cycle of health care which
includes:
1. Promoting health and wellness
2. Preventing illness
3. Restoring health
4. Care of the dying
1. Health Promoting and Wellness
1. Health Promoting
It is a science and art of helping people
change their life styles toward optimal
health.
1. Health Promoting and Wellness
2. Wellness
It is an active process of becoming aware of
and
making
choices
toward
successful existence of health
a
more
1. Health Promoting and Wellness
2. Wellness
It is closely linked to your lifestyle and the
choices you make. Each individual has a
responsibility to themselves to provide for the
essentials of good health
Promoting Health and Wellness
Nursing activities
• Nurses promote wellness in clients who are both
healthy and ill
• The nurse should motivate individual and
community to engage in healthy behaviors and
considering beliefs and experiences of them to
plan appropriate care and education.
1. Health Promoting and Wellness
Examples:
1.
Improving nutrition and physical fitness
2.
Preventing drug and alcohol misuse
3.
Restricting smoking
4.
Preventing accidents & injury in the home
and workplace.
2. Preventing Illness
The goal is providing specific protection
against disease to prevent its occurrence and to
maintain optimal health.
Nursing activities
1. Immunizations
2. Prenatal and infant care
3. Prevention
disease.
of
sexually
transmitted
3. Restoring Health
• Focuses on the ill client (patient) and it
extends from early detection of disease
through helping the patient during the
recovery period .
3. Restoring Health
Nursing activities
1. Administering medications and performing
specific procedures and treatments.
2. Performing screening procedures, such as
measuring blood pressure, examining feces for
occult blood and any diagnostic procedure.
3. Restoring Health
Nursing activities
3.
Teaching/
Consulting
patients
about
recovery activities to minimize disease effect
and prevent further disability. Example,
exercises that will accelerate recovery after
a stroke.
3. Restoring Health
Nursing activities
4. Rehabilitating is the process that achieves
adaptation
with
health
prevent further dysfunction
condition
and
4. Care of the Dying
This area of nursing practice involves
comforting and caring for people of all ages
who are dying. It includes helping clients
live as comfortably as possible until death
and helping support other persons to cope
with death.
THE