Dr. Bibit Traut Botany 10 FINAL Review FINAL: Tuesday, May 21, 1:00-3:00 pm Plants--features CELL CYCLE & LIFE CYCLE Process of the cell cycle (replication, mitosis & cytokinesis) Reproduction (advantages/disadvantages of each) o Asexual reproduction o Sexual reproduction meiosis Sources of genetic variation Alternation of generations Plant Body Organization Shoot vs. root system Form & function of plant organs (leaf, stem, root); include modifications of these & adaptations to different environments Plant growth o Meristems—primary, secondary o Hormone regulation of stem elongation, root growth Transport in Plants Transport of water o Cells involved o Factors affecting & controlling flow o Flow from soil to root to stomata Transport of sugar o Cells involved o Factors affecting & controlling flow o flow of sugars from source to sink Metabolism Energy currency in plants--ATP Production of energy (photosynthesis) o Location of process o Steps in process o Alternative photosynthetic pathways (C4, CAM) Use of energy (respiration) o Location of process o Steps in process Dr. Bibit Traut Botany 10 Plant Classification Taxonomic vs. cladistic classification 3 domains, 4 kingdoms Evolution of land plants (adaptations to living on land; include difference in life history) o Non-vascular o Seedless vascular o Gymnosperms o Angiosperms Evolution & Diversity “Biological species” Core principles of evolution & natural selection Core unit of evolution & material of evolution Homology vs. analogy Factors affecting allele frequency & sources of genetic variation Bryophytes How deal with challenges of moving on land Life History of mosses Methods of reproduction (asexual & sexual) Seedless Vascular Plants Innovations in this lineage Homospory vs. heterospory (include significance of this) Unique features of true ferns & their life history Gymnosperms Basic features Life history Development of pollen & significance of this Drought adaptation Ecological & economic importance Dr. Bibit Traut Angiosperms How came to be dominant over gymnosperms Novel features (include form & function) o Pollination– pollinator syndromes o Flower o Double fertilization o Fruit Life history Monocots vs. eudicots Anti-herbivore adaptations Ecology Ecology (population, community, ecosystem, landscape) Population growth Productivity species diversity (evenness vs. richness) Interactions (competition, symbiosis, facilitation) Carbon & nitrogen cycle Succession (primary vs. secondary) Major biomes of North America Conservation Biology (goal, major threats to biodiversity) Restoration Ecology Botany 10