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Draw a LARGE, DETAILED, labeled sketch of a chloroplast
Draw a LARGE, DETAILED, labeled sketch of a mitochondrion
1.25 point for having a drawing “somewhat similar to below”.
½ a point for each term labeled: . Chloroplast: Inner membrane outermembrane thylakoid
Mitchondrion: outermembrane innermembrane
Add any term not labeled to your diagram

 Photosynthesis overview
 Plant pigments
 Reading quiz/Light reactions
 Calvin Cycle
 Photosynthesis lab
 Reading quiz/Cellular respiration overview
 Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle
 Electron Transport Chain and Fermentation
 Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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Process of storing energy in sugar molecules from the energy initially in the sun (radiant energy)
1 st step: Capture radiant energy and use it to generate our “energy currency”
2nd step: Use “energy currency” to convert
CO
2 to glucose
Oxygen is released as a byproduct
Happens in the chloroplast

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Problem: How do plants utilize radiant energy to produce sugars?
Properties of light
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While traveling, acts as a wave (properties depend on this wavelength)
When interacting with matter (like your clothes) acts as a particle
Photon: Discrete packet of light

 Pigments are materials that absorb particular wavelengths of light and reflect others
 Why do your eyes have a ___ color?
 When chlorophyll absorbs light, energy is transferred to electrons and “boosts” them to a
Plant pigments higher state.

 Where do the light reactions occur?
 Where does the Calvin cycle occur?
 What is the purpose of the light reactions?
 What is the purpose of the Calvin cycle?

What you need to know:
Location –
_________
Input – ___________
Output – _______
Purpose - ________

Photosystem
 Role of chlorophyll:
Capture energy from light
 Role of an electron carrier: transport electrons
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Tracking electrons and energy
NADP + + 2e + H +  NADPH

6CO
2
+ 6H
2
O light
>
C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2

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Measure ______
How?
CO
2 can turn into carbonic acid
Bromothymol blue will be blue at pH around 7.6 and yellow-green at pH of 6
Some CO
CO
2
2 will turn into Carbonic acid (so if enough is present in a bromothymol blue solution, it will have a ___color.)
If a initial color of yellow-green turns blue then what can you infer?

b.b. + Elodea + light b. b. + Elodea + dark b.b. + light
 As a pair, make a hypothesis. The presence of light (will/will not) affect the rate of photsynthesis and (will change the color of the solution to blue/will not change the color of the solution)

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1. Obtain tray
2. Place a 3 cm piece of elodea in 2 vials
3. Fill each of the 3 vials with bromothymol blue
4. Cap each vial and cover 1 of the elodea vials with the aluminum foil
5. Keep vials in test tube rack and place back EXACTLY where it came from. THEN…
6. Work with your partner. On the paper provided, diagram the entire light reaction from memory first. Once you did as much as you can, use your notes and study guide (no textbook). Practice explaining the entire process, including what happens to water, chlorophyll a, electrons, electron transport chain, hydrogen ions, and how ATP,
NADPH are produced
7. When you can successfully explain all this, call me and I will initial your assignment sheet when you can do it perfectly. If you get initialed, you might be asked to go around checking others.

 Location-
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Purpose-
Input –
Output –
 Tracing carbon
 Factors affecting photosynthesis

 What organisms does cellular respiration occur in?
 Write the cellular respiration equation
 What are the inputs of glycolysis?
 Does aerobic respiration refer to having oxygen or lacking oxygen?

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Process of forming ATP by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen
6O
2
+ C
6
H
12
O
6
 6CO
2
+6H
2
O + energy
Why do we breathe (external respiration)?
Why do we consume and digest carbohydrates?
Does this happen in one step?

 Series of chemical reactions that break down one molecule of glucose into pyruvate
C
6
H
12
O
6
 2C
3
H
6
O
3
 Happens in cytosol of the cell
Inputs
Glucose
2 NAD+
2 ADP + 2 P
2 ATP
Outputs
2 pyruvate
2 NADH
4 ATP (net 2)

Draw this chart (under cell respiration overview) and fill in the following terms glycolysis, ATP, NADH, glucose, pyruvate

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Photosynthesis lab continued (write analysis on a blank paper)
 Fill out the following chart b.b. + light b.b. + elodea b.b. + elodea
(dark) + light
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0
60 min.
What color did the elodea + b.b. + light change to?
What pH will bromothymol blue be green? When will it be blue?
So, the color changed DIRECTLY due to a change in ___
The change in ___ was caused by a change in ____
The change in ___ was caused by a change in ___
The change in ___ was caused by a change in what process ___
How can we get the b.b. in front of you back to green?
Use all of this information to write a well coherent allows to support or not support the following hypothesis: Light will increase the rate of photosynthesis.
My hypothesis was/was not supported. (restate hypothesis). Discuss color change in all 3 tubes. Discuss what chemical changes caused the color change. Speculate why light increased the rate of photosynthesis.

 Series of reactions that finishes glucose break down to carbon dioxide in the presence of oxygen (aerobic)
 Happens in matrix of mitochondria
Inputs
2 pyruvate
2 ADP + 2 P
6 NAD +
2 FAD
Outputs
4 CO
2
2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH
2

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Process that uses high energy electrons from Krebs cycle to convert ADP to ATP
Location: cristae of mitochondria
32 total ATP

Fill out the following chart to compare
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Function
Location
Reactants
Products
Equation

Photosynthesis
Function Energy capture
Location Chloroplasts
Reactants CO
2 and H
2
O
Products C
6
H
12
O
6 and O
2
Equation 6CO
2
+ 6H
2
O light
>
C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
Cellular Respiration
Energy release
Mitochondria
C
6
H
12
O
6 and O
2
CO
2 and H
2
O
6O
2
+ C
6
H
12
O
6

6CO
2
+6H
2
O + energy

Fermentation (anaerobic respiration)
 Process that releases some energy from glucose when no oxygen is present
Plants, yeast and few microbes Other organisms