Review for OLC 1 Final
Wednesday, June 8: Multiple Choice Test on
Vocabulary from Chapters 9-16. Review the
vocabulary in the book for chapters 9-16.
Thursday, June 9: Final Exam on endings, charts,
translation, some culture (culture is MC). Study
the review sheet thoroughly. One goal is to have
learned and be able to use the endings of the
first three declensions. Let’s start the review…
(next slide, please)
IN GENERAL, review the REFERENCE GRAMMAR in the back of the book.
(Pages 145-149.)
Review for OLC 1 Final
1. Give the functions (uses) of each case and special translations where applicable.
LATIN
CASES 
NOMINATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
ABLATIVE
VOCATIVE
FUNCTION(S) / USES
of the CASES
Translations
to be added
Review for OLC 1 Final
1. Give the functions (uses) of each case and special translations where applicable.
LATIN
CASES 
FUNCTION(S) / USES
of the CASES
NOMINATIVE 1. Subject of the verb,
2. Complement with a linking verb
GENITIVE 1. Possession,
2. whenever: “of”
DATIVE
1. Indirect Object
2. Dative after a compound verb
ACCUSATIVE 1. Direct Object of the Verb
2. Object of Motion Towards
ABLATIVE 1. Accompaniment (with),
Translations
to be added
---
VOCATIVE Direct Address
-----[Hey, yo! O!]
2. Object of Motion Away From (from)
3. Means or Manner (by, with)
4. Place Where (in, under)
5. Whenever you have WFBI
of, ’s, s’
(to/for)
---With,
From,
By,
In
Review for OLC 1 Final
2. Give a translation of the English word “bug”
LATIN
CASES 
NOMINATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
ABLATIVE
VOCATIVE
ENGLISH TRANSLATION,
with bug as an example
(singular)
ENGLISH TRANSLATION,
with bugs as an example
(PLURAL)
Review for OLC 1 Final
2. Give a translation of the English word “bug”
LATIN
CASES 
ENGLISH TRANSLATION,
with bug as an example
(singular)
ENGLISH TRANSLATION,
with bugs as an example
(PLURAL)
NOMINATIVE (the/a) bug
(the) bugs
GENITIVE
of (the) bugs, (the) bugs’
DATIVE
of (the/a) bug, (the/a)
bug’s
[to/for] (the/a) bug
[to/for] (the) bugs
ACCUSATIVE (the/a) bug
(the) bugs
ABLATIVE
WFBI (the) bugs
WFBI (the/a) bug
VOCATIVE [Hey, yo! O!] bug (!)
[Hey, yo! O!] bugs (!)
Review for OLC 1 Final
2. Give the endings for 1st and 2nd Declension adjectives (which are
identical to most noun endings of these declensional patterns):
Case / #
Nom S
Gen S
Dat S
Acc S
Abl S
Voc S
Nom Pl
Gen Pl
Dat Pl
Acc Pl
Abl Pl
Voc Pl
Masc.
-us (er, ius) -a
Fem.
Neuter
-um
Examples of 1st-2nd declension
adjectives…give the meanings
clārus, -a, -um =
commōtus, -a, -um =
laetus, -a, -um =
Graecus, -a, -um =
mortuus, -a, -um =
novus, -a, -um =
perīculōsus, -a, -um =
pulcher, -chra, -chrum =
tantus, -a, -um =
bonus, -a, -um =
sōlus, -a, -um =
malus, -a, -um =
Review for OLC 1 Final
2. Give the endings for 1st and 2nd Declension adjectives (which are
identical to most noun endings of these declensional patterns):
Case / #
Masc.
Fem.
Neuter
Nom S
-us (er, ius) -a
-um
Gen S
Dat S
Acc S
Abl S
Voc S
Nom Pl
Gen Pl
Dat Pl
Acc Pl
Abl Pl
Voc Pl
-ī
-ō
-um
-ō
-e (er, ī)
-ī
- ōrum
- īs
- ōs
- īs
-ī
-ī
-ō
-um
-ō
-um
-a
- ōrum
- īs
-a
- īs
-a
-ae
-ae
-am
-ā
-a
-ae
- ārum
- īs
- ās
- īs
-ae
Examples of 1st-2nd declension
adjectives…give the meanings
clārus, -a, -um = bright, clear,
famous
commōtus, -a, -um = moved
laetus, -a, -um = happy
Graecus, -a, -um = Greek
mortuus, -a, -um = dead
novus, -a, -um = new
perīculōsus, -a, -um = dangerous
pulcher, -chra, -chrum = beautiful
tantus, -a, -um = so great
bonus, -a, -um = good
sōlus, -a, -um = alone, only
malus, -a, -um = bad
Review for OLC 1 Final
4. Give the endings for the 3rd declension: (1) Masculine & Feminine +
(2) Neuter endings
No
m
varies
(1) 3rd
Declension
Masc. &
Fem.
varies
(2) 3rd
Declension
NEUTER
SINGULAR
Gen Dat Acc Abl
PLURAL
Voc Nom Gen Dat Acc Abl Voc
Review for OLC 1 Final
4. Give the endings for the 3rd declension: (1) Masculine & Feminine +
(2) Neuter endings
No
m
varies
(1) 3rd
Declension
Masc. &
Fem.
varies
(2) 3rd
Declension
NEUTER
SINGULAR
Gen Dat Acc Abl
PLURAL
Voc Nom Gen Dat Acc Abl Voc
-is
-ī
-em
-e
=
Nom
S
-ēs
-um ibus
-ēs
ibus
-ēs
-is
-ī
=
Nom
S
-e
=
Nom
S
-a
-um
-a
ibus
-a
ibus
Review for OLC 1 Final
5. Decline the adjective fractus, a, um “broken” in agreement with
the noun pēs, pedis M. “foot” & translate:
CASE/NUMBER
Nominative Sing
Genitive Sing
Dative Singular
Accusative Sing
Ablative Sing
Vocative Sing
Nominative Plural
Genitive Plural
Dative Plural
Accusative Plural
Ablative Plural
Vocative Plural
LATIN FORMS
pēs
pedis
1 ENGLISH Translation
fractus
fractī
(a/the) broken foot
of (a/the) broken foot, the
broken foot’s
Review for OLC 1 Final
5. Decline the adjective fractus, a, um “broken” in agreement with
the noun pēs, pedis M. “foot” & translate:
CASE/NUMBER
LATIN FORMS
Nominative Sing
pēs
Ablative Sing
pedis
pedī
pedem
pede
Vocative Sing
pēs
Genitive Sing
Dative Singular
Accusative Sing
Nominative Plural
Genitive Plural
Dative Plural
Accusative Plural
Ablative Plural
Vocative Plural
pedēs
pedum
pedibus
pedēs
pedibus
pedēs
fractus
fractī
fractō
fractum
fractō
fracte
fractī
fractōrum
fractibus
fractōs
fractibus
fractī
1 ENGLISH Translation
(a/the) broken foot
of (a/the) broken foot, the broken foot’s
[to/for] (a/the) broken foot
(a/the) broken foot
with, from, by, in (a/the) broken foot
[O!/Hey!] broken foot
(the) broken feet
of (the) broken feet, the broken feet’s
[to/for] (the) broken feet
(the) broken feet
with, from, by, in (the) broken feet
[O!/Hey!] broken feet
Review for OLC 1 Final
6. All regular verbs do use the same endings. Different types of verbs are organized into
patterns called conjugations, but they only vary in the vowel before the endings.
Compare the different types and their patterns:
INFINITIVE
1st
2nd
Conjugation Conjugation
3rd
3rd-iō
Conjugation Conj.
4th
Conjugation
-āre
-ere
-īre
1st Person S.
2nd Person S.
3rd Person S.
1st Person Pl.
2nd Person Pl.
3rd Person Pl.
IMPERATIVE S.
IMPERATIVE Pl.
-ā
-āte
-ēre
-ere
Review for OLC 1 Final
6. All regular verbs do use the same endings. Different types of verbs are organized into
patterns called conjugations, but they only vary in the vowel before the endings.
Compare the different types and their patterns:
INFINITIVE
1st Person S.
2nd Person S.
3rd Person S.
1st Person Pl.
2nd Person Pl.
3rd Person Pl.
IMPERATIVE S.
IMPERATIVE Pl.
1st
2nd
Conjugation Conjugation
3rd
3rd-iō
Conjugation Conj.
4th
Conjugation
-āre
-ō
-ās
-at
-āmus
-ātis
-ant
-ēre
-eō
-ēs
-et
-ēmus
-ētis
-ent
-ere
-ō
-is
-it
-imus
-itis
-unt
-ere
-iō
-is
-it
-imus
-itis
-iunt
-īre
-iō
-īs
-it
-īmus
-ītis
-iunt
-ā
-āte
-ē
-ēte
-e
-ite
-e
-ite
-ī
-īte
Review for OLC 1 Final
7. Conjugate the verb “to be” in the present tense and offer an English translation for each form:
Person/Number
LATIN FORMS of
sum, esse
1 ENGLISH
TRANSLATION
1st Person Singular
2nd Person Sing
3rd Person Singular
1st Person Plural
2nd Person Plural
3rd Person Plural
INFINITIVE
Imperative Sing
es / esto
Imperative Plural este / estote
be (!)
be (!)
Review for OLC 1 Final
7. Conjugate the verb “to be” in the present tense and offer an English translation for each form:
Person/Number
LATIN FORMS of
sum, esse
1st Person Singular sum
2nd Person Sing
es
3rd Person Singular est
1st Person Plural
sumus
2nd Person Plural
estis
3rd Person Plural sunt
INFINITIVE
esse
Imperative Sing
es / esto
Imperative Plural este / estote
1 ENGLISH
TRANSLATION
I am
you are
he/she/it
we are
y’all are
they are
to be
be (!)
be (!)
is
Review for OLC 1 Final
8. Give the endings for the 3rd declension i-stem nouns: (1) Masculine &
Feminine + (2) Neuter endings. Note that in the ablative singular, the ending –ī
is for all 3rd declension adjectives (and neuter i-stem nouns only)
SINGULAR
Nom Gen Dat Acc Abl
(1) 3rd
Declension
Masc. &
Fem.
(2) 3rd
Declension
NEUTER
PLURAL
Voc Nom Gen Dat Acc
Abl
Voc
Review for OLC 1 Final
8. Give the endings for the 3rd declension i-stem nouns: (1) Masculine &
Feminine + (2) Neuter endings. Note that in the ablative singular, the ending –ī
is for all 3rd declension adjectives (and neuter i-stem nouns only)
(1) 3rd
Declension
Masc. &
Fem.
(2) 3rd
Declension
NEUTER
SINGULAR
Nom Gen Dat Acc Abl
varies
-is
-ī -em -e
/
-ī
varies
=
-is
-ī
-e
Nom
/
S
-ī
PLURAL
Voc Nom Gen Dat Acc Abl Voc
=
-ēs -ium -ibus -ēs -ibus -ēs
Nom
Sing
=
-ia -ium -ibus -ia -ibus -ia
Nom
Sing
Review for OLC 1 Final
9. Decline & translate the 3rd declension adjective gracilis, gracile “slender” to
agree with the noun liber, librī M. “book”:
CASE/NUMBER
LATIN FORMS
1 ENGLISH Translation
Nominative Sing
Genitive Sing
Dative Singular
librō
gracilī
[to/for] (a/the) slender
book
Accusative Sing
Ablative Sing
Vocative Sing
Review for OLC 1 Final
9. Decline & translate the 3rd declension adjective gracilis, gracile “slender” to
agree with the noun liber, librī M. “book”:
CASE/NUMBER
LATIN FORMS
1 ENGLISH Translation
Nominative Sing
liber
gracilis
Genitive Sing
librī
gracilis
(a/the) slender book
of (a/the) slender book,
the slender book’s
Dative Singular
librō
gracilī
Accusative Sing
librum
Ablative Sing
librō
gracilī
Vocative Sing
liber
gracilis
gracilem
[to/for] (a/the) slender book
(a/the) slender book
with, from, by, in (a/the) slender book
[O!/Hey!] slender book
Review for OLC 1 Final
Nominative
Plural
Genitive Plural
Dative Plural
Accusative
Plural
Ablative Plural
Vocative Plural
librī
gracilēs
(the) slender books
Review for OLC 1 Final
librī
gracilēs
Genitive Plural
librōrum
gracilium
of (the) slender books, the slender
Dative Plural
librīs
gracilibus
[to/for] (the)
Nominative
(the) slender books
Plural
books’
slender books
Accusative
librōs
gracilēs
Plural
Ablative Plural
(the) slender
books
librīs
gracilibus
with, from, by, in (the) slender
books
Vocative Plural
librī
gracilēs
[O!/Hey!] slender
books
Review for OLC 1 Final
10. Conjugate the verb “to be able” in the present
tense and offer an English translation for each form:
Person/Number
1st Person Singular
LATIN FORMS of possum, posse
1 ENGLISH TRANSLATION
2nd Person Singular
3rd Person Singular
1st Person Plural
2nd Person Plural
3rd Person Plural
INFINITIVE
posse
to be able
Review for OLC 1 Final
10. Conjugate the verb “to be able” in the present
tense and offer an English translation for each form:
Person/Number
1st Person Singular
2nd Person Singular
3rd Person Singular
1st Person Plural
2nd Person Plural
3rd Person Plural
INFINITIVE
LATIN FORMS of possum, posse
possum
potes
potest
possumus
potestis
possunt
posse
1 ENGLISH TRANSLATION
I am able
you are able
he/she/it is able,
it is possible
we are able
y’all are able
they are able
to be able
Review for OLC 1 Final
11. Give the Latin present of volō, velle, voluī + an English translatio
Person/Number
1st Person Sing
2nd Person Sing
3rd Person Sing
1st Person Plural
2nd Person Plural
3rd Person Plural
INFINITIVE
LATIN
English translation(s)
Review for OLC 1 Final
11. Give the Latin present of volō, velle, voluī + an English translatio
Person/Number
1st Person Sing
2nd Person Sing
3rd Person Sing
1st Person Plural
2nd Person Plural
3rd Person Plural
INFINITIVE
LATIN
English translation(s)
volō
I wish, am willing, want
vīs
you wish, are willing, want
vult
he/she/it wishes, is willing, want
volumus
we wish, are willing, want
vultis
you wish, are willing, want
volunt
they wish, are willing, want
velle
To wish, to be willing
Review for OLC 1 Final
12. Give the Latin present of nōlō, nōlle, nōluī + an English translation
Person/Number
LATIN
English translation(s)
1st Person Sing
2nd Person Sing
3rd Person Sing
1st Person Plural
2nd Person Plural
3rd Person Plural
INFINITIVE
Imperative Sing.
Imperative Plur.
nōlīte (+ infinitive of a
Don’t (verb)!
Review for OLC 1 Final
12. Give the Latin present of nōlō, nōlle, nōluī + an English translation
Person/Number
1st Person Sing
LATIN
English translation(s)
nōlō
I do not want/wish, am unwilling, refuse
nōn vīs
you do not want/wish, are unwilling, refuse
nōn vult
he/she/it does not want/wish, is unwilling,
nōlumus
we do not want/wish, are unwilling, refuse
nōn vultis
you do not want/wish, are unwilling, refuse
nōlunt
they do not want/wish, are unwilling, refuse
nōlle
to not want, to refuse, to be unwilling
Imperative Sing.
nōlī (+ infinitive of a verb)
Don’t (verb)!
Imperative Plur.
nōlīte (+ infinitive of a verb)
Don’t (verb)!
2nd Person Sing
3rd Person Sing
1st Person Plural
2nd Person Plural
3rd Person Plural
INFINITIVE
refuse
Review for OLC 1 Final
13. Give a translation for these irregular singular imperatives in Latin:
dīc =
dūc =
fac =
fer =
dīcite =
dūcite =
facite =
ferte =
Review for OLC 1 Final
13. Give a translation for these irregular singular imperatives in Latin:
dīc = say (!), tell (!) dūc = lead (!)
fac = do (!), make (!) fer = bring(!); report (!)
dīcite = say (!), tell (!)
facite = do (!), make (!)
dūcite = lead (!)
ferte = bring(!); report (!)
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (1) hic, haec, hoc :
Masculine
singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Feminine
singular
Neuter
singular
Masculine
plural
Feminine
plural
Neuter
plural
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (1) hic, haec, hoc :
Masculine
singular
Feminine
singular
Neuter
singular
Masculine
plural
Feminine
plural
Neuter
plural
hī
hae
haec
hic
haec
hoc
huius
huius
huius
Dative
huic
huic
huic
hīs
hīs
hīs
Accusative
hunc
hanc
hoc
hōs
hās
haec
hōc
hīs
hīs
hīs
Nominative
Genitive
hōc
hōrum hārum hōrum
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (2) is, ea, id
Masculine
singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
is
Feminine
singular
ea
Neuter
singular
id
Masculine
plural
Feminine
plural
Neuter
plural
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (2) is, ea, id
Masculine
singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
is
eius
eī
eum
eō
Feminine
singular
ea
eius
eī
eam
eā
Neuter
singular
id
eius
eī
id
eō
Masculine
plural
Feminine
plural
Neuter
plural
eī
eae
ea
eōrum eārum eōrum
eīs
eīs
eīs
eōs
eās
ea
eīs
eīs
eīs
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (3) ille, illa, illud
Masculine Feminine
singular
singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
ille
illa
Neuter
singular
illud
Masculine Feminine
plural
plural
Neuter
plural
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (3) ille, illa, illud
Masculine Feminine
singular
singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
ille
illīus
illī
illum
illō
illa
illīus
illī
illam
illā
Neuter
singular
Masculine Feminine
plural
plural
illī
illae
illa
illōrum
illārum
illōrum
illīs
illīs
illīs
illōs
illās
illa
illīs
illīs
illīs
illud
illīus
illī
illud
illō
Neuter
plural
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (4) ipse, ipsa, ipsum
Masculine Feminine
singular
singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
ipse
ipsa
Neuter
singular
ipsum
Masculine Feminine
plural
plural
Neuter
plural
Review for OLC 1 Final
14. Give the Latin forms of (4) ipse, ipsa, ipsum
Masculine Feminine
singular
singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Neuter
singular
Masculine Feminine
plural
plural
ipsī
ipsae
Neuter
plural
ipse
ipsa
ipsum
ipsa
ipsīus
ipsīus
ipsīus
ipsī
ipsī
ipsī
ipsīs
ipsīs
ipsīs
ipsum
ipsam
ipsum
ipsōs
ipsās
ipsa
ipsō
ipsā
ipsō
ipsīs
ipsīs
ipsīs
ipsōrum ipsārum ipsōrum
Review for OLC 1 Final
1. Noun Ending Chart:
CASE/#
Fill it in and “learn it by heart” (put 3rd decl. i-stem endings in parentheses)
1st Declension
2nd Decl. Masc.
2nd Decl. Neut.
3rd Decl. M./F.
3rd Decl. Neut.
Nominative S.
***us/-ius/-er
Genitive S.
Dative S.
Accusative S.
Ablative S.
( )
Vocative S.
***-e/-ī/ -er
( )
Review for OLC 1 Final
1. Noun Ending Chart:
CASE/#
Fill it in and “learn it by heart” (put 3rd decl. i-stem endings in parentheses)
1st Declension
2nd Decl. Masc.
2nd Decl. Neut.
3rd Decl. M./F.
3rd Decl. Neut.
Nominative S.
***us/-ius/-er
Genitive S.
Dative S.
Accusative S.
Ablative S.
( )
Vocative S.
***-e/-ī/ -er
( )
Review for OLC 1 Final
CASE/
#
1st
2nd Decl. 2nd Decl. 3rd Decl. 3rd Decl.
Declensi Masc.
Neut.
M./F.
Neut.
on
Nominative Pl.
(
)
Genitive Pl.
(
)
(
)
Dative Pl.
Accusative
Pl.
(
)
Ablative Pl.
Vocative Pl.
(
)
Review for OLC 1 Final
CASE/
#
1st
2nd Decl. 2nd Decl. 3rd Decl. 3rd Decl.
Declensi Masc.
Neut.
M./F.
Neut.
on
Nominative Pl.
(
)
Genitive Pl.
(
)
(
)
Dative Pl.
Accusative
Pl.
(
)
Ablative Pl.
Vocative Pl.
(
)