Grade Five Social
E. Larson
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They were the first group of people or nation to
live in Canada.
They are the aboriginal or indigenous people in
Canada. They include the Inuit and the Metis.
They were mistakenly called “Indians”,
because the early explorers thought they had
discovered India.
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They arrived 20 000 years
ago.
They crossed a land bridge
that was created around the
ice age, between Alaska and
Siberia. The ice age was a
time in which all of the Earth
was covered in Ice.
Humans migrated from Asia
into North and South
America. They settled into
all parts of the continent.
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Over the years, many different and unique
groups of first nations developed with their
own unique and distinct lifestyle.
Many different tribes of first nations inhabited
all parts of Canada and North America.
Each of their lifestyles depended on where they
lived. What the land was like and what it
provided for them to survive.
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Housing- what they used for shelter
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Transportation-how they got from place to place
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Diet- what foods they ate
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Lifestyle- how they gathered food, whether they
were nomadic or settled
Clothing- what type of clothes did they wear
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There are over 200 distinct groups of First
Nations
Each has its own distinct culture and way of
life.
Many are similar and also very different.
Each developed depending on the land in
which they lived.
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The Inuit lived in the arctic and subarctic
regions of Canada.
They were nomadic, as they needed to move
with the animals.
It is very hard to find food and their diets are
high in protein and low in fruits and
vegetables.
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They lived in igloos.
Igloos are homes
made up of snow and
ice.
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The Inuit are primarily hunters and fishers.
They hunt walrus, seal, muskox and polar bear.
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The Inuit used sleds, pulled by husky dogs to
get around in the winter. They also used
kayaks to travel around in the water
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Inuit clothing is warm
because of the cold and
harsh conditions of
living in the arctic.
The clothes are made of
animal fur and animal
hide.
They wore moccasins on
their feet.
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The Haida are found
in the Queen
Charlotte Islands of
British Columbia
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Haida lived in cedar
plank homes.
Cedar is cut into
planks and
The front of the home
is craved in an
intricate design.
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The Haida are a settled, rather than nomadic.
They primarily get there food from the ocean.
They are excellent fisherman.
They also grow their own crops, so they were
gardeners or farmers.
They traveled around the islands in cedar canoes.
The canoes are made by carving large cedar trees.
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The Haida are famous for their totem poles.
Each totem pole represent a family group,
history or wards off evil spirits.
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Their clothes were
made out of wood
fibers and wool.
They are known for
their wide brim hats
that protected them
from the sunlight.
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The Blackfoot
Confederacy or
Niitsítapi (meaning
"original people"; c.f.
Ojibwe: Anishinaabeg
and Quinnipiac:
Eansketambawg) is the
collective name of
three First Nations in
Alberta.
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A group of 10 to 30 lodges(families), lived
together as a band.
There was one leader, a male, who was
respected.
They were a nomadic people, who traveled
across the plains with the buffalo.
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The Blackfoot used all of the buffalo. They
used most of it for food, but also for many
tools, clothing and shelter.
They were very intelligent when hunting.
They often forced the buffalo to jump off a cliff.
Head Smashed in Buffalo Jump is a historical
site in Alberta.
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They ate primarily
buffalo. They were
hunters and gatherers.
They also feed on
plants, berries, that they
could find nearby.
They made pemmican,
a dried meat and berry
mixture, that could be
eaten in the winter.
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Because they were nomadic, the Blackfoot lived
in teepees. They could be easily transported to
a new site.
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The clothing was
made out of tanned
animal hide.
They were decorated
with feathers, beads,
bones, etc.
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The Cree people are the largest First Nation
group in all of Canada.
They can be divided up into two main groups:
The Woodland Cree and the Plains Cree
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They lived in northern Ontario, Quebec and
Manitoba.
They lived in wigwams.
A wigwam is a teepee like shelter made out of
birch bark.
They travelled in birchbark canoes.
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They were nomadic
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They were hunters and gatherers
They made clothes out of animal hide and fur.
Specifically hare and caribou fur.
They were excellent hunters and trappers and
were one of the first aboriginals to trade with
the Europeans.
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They lived on the plains of Alberta, Manitoba
and Saskatchewan.
They lived very similar to the Blackfoot.
The hunted buffalo, lived in teepees and were
nomadic.
There clothes were made of animal hide and
they used the bow and arrow.
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Was known as the Iroquois Confederacy- the
people of the long house.
This group is made up of six different tribes.
As the group conquered another tribe, they
incorporated the new tribes customs and
traditions into their own, like a melting pot.
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They were about 20
meters long and could
hold about 20 or more
families
Wooden poles (trees)
were drilled into the
ground and animal
hide, grass or bark
was woven between
the trees.
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The Haudenosaunee are primarily farmers, but
also fishers and gathers.
There main crops were corn, beef and squash.
They were a settled group, only migrating
when the soil lost its fertility.
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The Iroquois had one of the earliest forms of
government. Each tribe had their own land
and they made decisions together.
They lived in the lands of southern Ontario,
Quebec and Manitoba.
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Each group had their
own distinct style.
They used animal
hide, feathers, bones
and fur to decorate
their clothing
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The Mohawk, a
member of the
Haudenosaunee, are
easily distinguished
by their style of
clothing and hairstyle.
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This tribe of people
were part of the
Iroquios Confederacy.
They were the first
group to encounter the
Europeans, Jacques
Cartier.
They culture died out
because of disease and
war.
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http://polsonpark.limestone.on.ca/projects/gr
assroots2003/Ms.%20Blondel's%20Class/index
.htm