U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Affordable Housing Preservation
IPM Training Webinar
For Owners & Managers
October 8, 2009
11:00am – 12:30pm Eastern
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pesticide Programs
National Center for Healthy Housing
Presenters
Donna Rosen
Director, Washington Preservation Office
HUD Office of Affordable Housing Preservation
Kathy Seikel
Director of Communications, Office of Children’s
Health and Environmental Education
Environmental Protection Agency
Tom Neltner
Director of Training and Education
National Center for Healthy Housing
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Training Objectives
• What to expect in the HUD M2M Green Initiative
and HUD Green Retrofit Program;
• How to find a pest management professional
(PMP) to help implement an integrated pest
management (IPM) program;
• What are the basic approaches to cockroaches,
rodents, and bedbugs;
• Why identifying roles and responsibilities for all
stakeholders is key to an effective program; and
• Where to go for more information.
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Today’s Agenda
11:00 Welcome, Introductions, Agenda (Donna)
11:05 IPM Concepts and HUD Guidance (Kathy)
11:15 Cockroaches (Tom)
11:40 IPM in HUD’s Green Programs (Donna)
12:00 Rodents, Bed Bugs (Tom)
12:20 Questions & Answers
12:30 Adjourn
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IPM CONCEPTS &
HUD GUIDANCE
Kathy Seikel
Director of Communications
Office of Children’s Health and Environmental
Education
Environmental Protection Agency
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Pests Cause Problems
•
•
•
•
Trigger/cause asthma and allergies
Bite
Contaminate food
Lead people to overreact and ignore
pesticide labels
• Transmit disease
• Hitchhike in belongings
• Violate housing codes
IPM makes homes healthier!
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Priority Pests
•
Cockroaches cause asthma in infants, trigger
asthma attacks, and contaminate food.
•
Rodents such as mice and rats carry
diseases, bite, destroy property, may cause
fires, and may trigger asthma attacks.
•
Bed Bugs and their bites are a nuisance and
are expensive to eliminate.
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What All Pests Need
• Food
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Shelter
Water
• Shelter
Food
• Water
8
Fighting Pests with IPM
“Exterminator” is now a
Pest Management Professional (PMP)
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What You Will Gain
IPM will give you…
• A healthier building: Fewer asthma attacks,
less exposure to pesticides, and less of a chance
you will take pests home.
• Fewer complaints: A Boston Housing Authority
development reduced cockroach work orders
by 68% after one year of IPM.
• Fewer pests: You can stop infestations from
growing and spreading disease.
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“We do IPM because it is the right thing to do
and because it works. Allowing our residents to
live in a pest-free home is a basic service as well
as a huge quality of life issue.”
––Gail Livingston
Director of Operations and Property Management
Boston Housing Authority
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IPM and Healthy Homes
• Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a key part
of a nationwide Healthy Homes movement to
reduce housing-based health hazards.
• A healthy home is:
– Dry
– Clean
– Ventilated
– Safe
– Contaminant-free
– Maintained
– Pest-free
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HUD’s Voluntary Guidance
• “Offers the potential efficacy of pest elimination
while protecting the health of residents and staff.”
• “Will extend the useful life of property and,
thereby, generate significant savings that offset
costs of the pest control operations.”
• “Effective in preventing moisture intrusion and
accumulation.”
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HUD’s 10 Elements to a
Successful IPM Program
1. Communicate
Policies
2. Identify Problem
Pests
3. Monitor and Track
4. Set Thresholds for
Action
5. Improve NonPesticide Methods
6. Prevent Pest Entry
and Movement
7. Educate Residents
and Update Leases
8. Enforce Lease
9. Use Pesticides Only
When Necessary
10.Post Signs
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Another View of IPM
• Invest
time and materials for repair and education.
• Protect
through exclusion, sanitation, and careful
product choice based on least risk to human health
and the environment and compatibility with other
management practices.
• Maintain
with monitoring, communication, and
documentation so that infestations do not grow.
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Concerns with Pesticides
• Pests can become tolerant of or avoid pesticides.
• Risk from exposure may outweigh the benefit of
killing pests.
• Possible harm to pets and wildlife.
• Certain populations may be especially vulnerable
or sensitive to some pesticides:
– Elderly; children; pregnant women
– People with breathing or lung disorders such
as asthma
– People with multiple chemical sensitivities
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Questions
&
Answers
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COCKROACHES
Tom Neltner
Director of Training and Education
National Center for Healthy Housing
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Cockroaches are Health Hazards
Cockroaches and their frass
• Make asthma worse in sensitive people
• Cause asthma in preschool-aged children
• Cause or aggravate allergies
• Contaminate food, dishes, and counters
• Are unwelcome in guests
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Common Indoor Cockroaches
hot
cool
high & dry
most common
sewers & basements
20
German Cockroach
• Medium size (3/4''), bronze, with “racing stripes”
behind the head
• Found everywhere, but likes warmth, moisture, and
darkness
Reproduces quickly
Mother carries eggs
to term even if she is
dead
Eats almost anything
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One German Cockroach
After 6 Months
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Live Cockroaches
American
Cockroaches
German
Cockroaches
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Dead Cockroaches
Dead
German cockroaches
on a sticky trap
Brown banded cockroaches
by a door hinge
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Frass
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Where Cockroaches Live
• Anywhere in a building
• Prefer spots near water but
also need food and warmth
• In cracks and crevices where
their bodies touch surfaces
above and below
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What Cockroaches Eat
•
•
•
•
•
Crumbs
Grease
Trash
Cardboard glue
Just about anything
Under the bag in a trash can
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Think Like a Cockroach
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Think Like a Cockroach
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IPM in Practice
Cockroaches
Need food and water.
Are most active at night.
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Inspect
Look for evidence where cockroaches would find
food, water, or a hiding spot: up, down, behind,
and under.
Think like a cockroach – look in hidden areas.
Boiler room
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Monitor
Monitor by placing sticky traps near areas where
cockroaches might travel—at corners and near
warmth, food, and water.
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Sanitation
• Good sanitation makes pest control work.
• Eliminate hiding spots, food, and water available at
night by
- reducing clutter;
- throwing away dead cockroaches;
- cleaning frass and areas where
there were cockroaches with
simple soap and water.
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Exclusion
Seal or fix cracks, peeled wallpaper, or holes that
cockroaches could get through with
caulk;
copper mesh;
screens; or
door sweeps on
boiler rooms and
exterior doors.
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Targeted Chemical Use
• Sanitation first!
• Maintenance staff and residents should not
spray. Spraying should be a last resort and
done only by a PMP.
• Read the ENTIRE pesticide label before buying,
using, storing, or disposing of a product.
• The label is the law!
• Follow the label directions closely.
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Baits
• The most effective pesticide option.
• Won’t work if contaminated by strong- smelling
cleaners or other chemicals, pesticide sprays or
foggers, or nicotine from cigarette smoke.
• Use in every room.
Gel Bait
Bait Station
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Baits
• The bait needs to be the only food in the area—
sanitation first!
• Slow to kill: Cockroaches feed on the bait, take
it back to their hiding spots, feed their friends,
and THEN they’ll drop dead.
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Insecticidal Dusts
• Active ingredients may be boric acid or
diatomaceous earth
• How they kill cockroaches:
– Scratch their outer layers
– Dry them out
– Plug their breathing holes
• Long-lasting
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Insecticidal Dusts
•
•
•
•
Effective if used correctly.
Light dusting instead of piles.
Use in walls before fixing them.
Under and behind cabinets at turnover or when
making large repairs…but clean first!
Incorrect use of insecticidal dust
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Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs)
• Interfere with cockroach growth and reproduction:
when they shed to grow up, the new exoskeleton
doesn’t fit
• In baits, sprays, aerosols, and powders
• Take a month to work
• Stay effective for a long time
• Compatible with other IPM methods; may enhance
baits
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Routine Spraying – Not Only Option
We’ve learned a
better way.
Routine baseboard
spraying is not part of
IPM.
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Total Release Foggers
San Diego, CA, July
1992
Augusta, GA, March 2008
Washington, DC,
August 2008
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Questions
&
Answers
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IPM IN HUD GREEN
PROGRAMS
Donna Rosen
Director, Washington Preservation Office
HUD Office of Affordable Housing Preservation
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Two Multi-Family Programs
HUD Multifamily has two green
multifamily programs that require
owners adopt an IPM Plan:
•
Mark to Market Green Initiative
•
Green Retrofit Program
IPM requirements are the same in both programs.
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Green Operations &
Maintenance Plan
Resident
and site
staff
training
Salvage/
diversion
from
landfill
Construction
waste
management
Recycling
Resident
incentives
and
involvement
Integrated
Green
Products /
Maintenance
Pest
Mgmt
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IPM Plan Details
1. Adopt IPM policies and practices
(NCHH has a good model to follow)
2. Incorporate the IPM policies and
practices in the contract with the
pest management professional
3. Implement the Plan promptly after
closing the HUD transaction
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IPM Plan Details
(continued)
4. Identify roles and responsibilities of
all property stakeholders:
– Residents
– Maintenance/Custodial Staff
– Property Management
– Pest Management Professional
– Vendors/ contractors onsite
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Incentive Performance Fee
Successful Plan
+
Property Performance
=
$$$$$
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Questions
&
Answers
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RATS, MICE AND
BED BUGS
Tom Neltner
Director of Training and Education
National Center for Healthy Housing
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Rodents are Health Hazards
•
•
•
•
•
•
Carry infectious diseases
May cause asthma attacks
Bite
Damage food and property
Can attract other pests
Are repulsive
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What is a Rodent?
Rodents are gnawing animals. They
• gnaw to wear down their teeth
and get where they want to go
(can cut anything softer than
steel);
• are most active at night;
• make lots of babies fast;
• travel the same paths nightly,
staying close to walls.
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Rats
• Will travel 150 feet from
their nest
• Usually live outside and
come inside for food and
water
Norway rat burrow
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Rats
• Need ½-inch opening to enter
Inches
• Are very smart, cautious, and afraid of new
things
• Need water every day
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Mice
• Breed rapidly
– A single pair can
become an infestation
quickly!
– Take action when
evidence of ONE mouse
is seen or heard.
• Don’t travel far—just 10
feet from their nest
One day old mouse pups
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Mice
• Mice need a ¼ inch opening to enter
Inches
• Mice are curious
• Don’t need to drink water daily
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Droppings and Urine Stains
Rodent urine stain in drop ceiling
Mouse droppings by a power strip
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Holes and Rub Marks
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Where Rodents Live
• Rats: Outside, but will come in if the place is
hospitable.
• Mice: Nest in walls, stored fabric, cars, boxes, or
the ceiling.
Rat burrow by a wall
Mouse nest in a hat
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Dumpsters
Dumpsters should be
– free of holes
– covered
– placed on cement
Screen drain holes
Empty dumpsters regularly;
they should never overflow
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Sanitation
Clutter in a corner
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Exclusion
For a hole, crack, or gap…
Stuff it
Seal it
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Check it often
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Traps
•
•
•
•
Effective and reusable
More ARE better
Check often
Placement is key
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Targeted Chemical Use
• The label is the law.
• All rodenticide labels require tamper-resistant
stations.
• Read the label on both the station and the bait.
• The bait station should be secured, locked, and
labeled.
• If the rodents are
inside, consider
using traps.
An opened bait station
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What is a Bed Bug?
• A blood-sucking insect
• Most active at night
• Usually feeds at night
Adult bed bug feeding on a
human
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Bed Bugs are Health Hazards
Bed bugs do not transmit disease, but they
• cause secondary infections after people scratch their
bed bug bites;
• result in stress, loss of work, loss of sleep, and
financial burden;
• are unwelcome in our homes and workplaces; and
• drive people to do dangerous things with pesticides
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Bed Bug Behavior
• Hide in cracks and
crevices, often in
groups.
• Cannot fly, jump, or
burrow into
skin…they crawl.
• Hitchhike on bags,
furniture, wires, or
pipes.
Bed bug crawling into a
screw hole to hide.
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Signs of Bed Bugs
•
•
•
•
•
Bites
Blood spots
Shed skins
Dead bed bugs
Live bed bugs
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Blood Spots
• Blood spots are bed bug droppings.
• Bed bugs cannot be confirmed by blood spots
alone.
• Live bed bugs must be found.
The start of an
infestation
A bad infestation
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Got Bed Bugs? Now What?
If found and controlled early in the infestation,
the spread of bed bugs can be stopped.
The first responses should be to:
Report the problem
Not throw the mattress out—cover it
Not spray—leave this to the PMP
Prevent carrying the bed bugs to other places
Prepare the unit for the PMP
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Use a Mattress Encasement
• Trap live bed bugs inside.
• Zip, seal, and check for rips.
• Leave it on for 1-1/2 years (don’t let it rip).
Mattresses and furniture
don’t have to be thrown out!
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Teach People How to Prevent
• Keep coats, backpacks, purses, and bags off beds,
recliners, and sofas.
• Don’t bring home used furniture.
• Look for signs before sleeping.
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PMP Might
• Inspect
• Take apart furniture
• Put infested items in sealed plastic bags or
discard heavily infested items
• Use
– A vacuum
– Heat or steam
– Pesticides
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Management's Role
• Find out the PMP’s requirements for unit prep and
plan ahead! Example: Who takes apart and
reassembles furniture?
• Have the professional inspect and treat units
adjacent to the infested one.
• Communicate the situations/populations in units
to the professional (respiratory problems, chemical
sensitivities, pregnant women, the elderly, or
children present).
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PMP's role
• ALWAYS thoroughly inspects the unit and the
adjacent walls.
• Provides preparation and follow-up instructions in
multiple languages.
• Follows the label—especially when treating
mattresses!
• Returns in three weeks to look for and treat
hatched nymphs.
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Facilities, Maintenance,
and Support Service’s role
• Empty dumpsters weekly
• Damage furniture left out for the trash so it can’t
be reused
• Inspect the laundry room weekly
• Help residents prepare—educate and provide
physical or financial support
• Be very cautious when working in units—never set
items on or under beds, recliners, or sofas!
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The Resident's Role
• Inspect regularly
• Launder bedding regularly
• Report bed bug sightings immediately and seek
help from staff
• Use plastic bags when transporting infested items
• Don’t bring home furniture found on the street
• Follow preparation instructions from the PMP
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Questions
&
Answers
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Contacts & Resources
Donna Rosen
donna.l.rosen@hud.gov
www.hud.gov/offices/hsg/omhar/paes/green/owner.cfm
Kathy Seikel
seikel.kathy@epamail.epa.gov
www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/ipm.htm
Tom Neltner
tneltner@nchh.info
www.healthyhomestraining.org/ipm
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