Quotes into a paper
I found these passages, now
how do I put them into my
paper?
Quotes into a paper
1)
2)
3)
4)
Parenthetical Citations
Direct Quotes
Paraphrase
Plagiarism
Every time you state a fact that is not
common knowledge, you need a
parenthetical citation to show your readers
where the fact came from.
Parenthetical Citations
•
Reference the author’s last name in
parentheses.
–
•
(Smith)
author given
If there is no author, reference the
title of the book or article.
–
You may shorten lengthy titles. Use an
ellipsis (…) to show that the entire title is
not given. Be consistent in how you
shorten a given title throughout the
paper.
•
•
(“The Last Song”)
no author given
(“The 50th Anniversary…”)
no author given,
title shortened
Parenthetical Citations
• Reference page numbers
behind the author’s name in
parentheses, but do not
write down “p.” or any other
abbreviation.
– Many people believe that “all dogs
go to heaven” (Smith 52).
How do you punctuate this?
•
Periods: Periods go
OUTSIDE the parenthesis,
“at the end of the
sentence” (Smith 32).
Practice
Create a parenthetical citation for the
resource given.
Ebert, Roger. "An Inconvenient Truth." Rev. of An Inconvenient Truth,
dir. Davis Guggenheim. rogerebert.com. Sun-Times News
Group, 2 June 2006. Web. 24 May 2009.
Practice
Create a parenthetical citation for the
resource given.
Milken, Michael, Gary Becker, Myron Scholes, and Daniel Kahneman.
"On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New
Perspectives Quarterly 23.4 (2006): 63. Print.
Practice
Create a parenthetical citation for the
resource given.
"Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times. New
York Times, 22 May 2007. Web. 25 May 2009.
Practice
Create a parenthetical citation for the
resource given.
Gowdy, John. "Avoiding Self-organized Extinction: Toward a Coevolutionary Economics of Sustainability." International
Journal of Sustainable Development and World
Ecology 14.1 (2007): 27-36. Print.
Practice
Create a parenthetical citation for the
resource given.
"Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action." Environmental
Defense Fund. Environmental Defense Fund, 8 May 2007.
Web. 24 May 2009.
Direct Quote
• Use a direct quote when
you find a passage that
you want to use word for
word in your paper.
• Use quotation marks ( “ “)
to show that these are
someone else’s words.
Direct Quote
• Add some of your own
words to “feather the nest”
for the quote.
– DO NOT let a direct quote
stand alone in a sentence.
4 Ways to Use a Direct Quote
1. Colon
2. No punctuation
3. Quote starting the
sentence
4. Quote ending the
sentence
1. Colon (:)
•
•
•
Set up the quote and
then present it as proof of
what you have just said.
That is, say something
about the quote and
then present it like it’s a
video or an object you’re
putting on display.
It’s a grammatical way of
saying, “Here, see for
yourself,” or, “Ta-Da!”
Colon example
•
John Glenn is idolized for being the first to
realize feats that many never even
undertake: “Very few, like Glenn, have
accomplished such lofty heights” (“The
50th Anniversary…”).
- Note that the phrase before the
quote could stand on its own as
a sentence.
- Parenthetical citation is at the
end of the sentence.
- Period comes after the
parenthetical citation.
2. NO punctuation
•
•
You can mold the
author’s words in as if
they are your own.
In this case, you’ll
probably be summarizing
or paraphrasing the story
and at some point
decide that the writer’s
words are better than
yours.
NO punctuation example
•
Even though he is 90 years
old, John Glenn stays modern
and plans to “take to Twitter
and hold a ‘tweet-up’ on
March 2” (“The 50th
Anniversary…”).
–
Note that if I took away the
quotation marks, the sentence
would flow just like I had written
it. That’s when you know you
don’t need special punctuation.
3. & 4. Using commas with quotes
•
You can introduce the quote
with an introductory phrase
that leads into the author’s
phrasing.
•
This phrase cannot stand on
its own as a sentence.
•
It will feel like you are writing a
piece of dialogue for a story.
Using commas cont’d
• You will use a comma after
your introductory phrase or
at the end of the quotation
if it leads into another
phrase within the
sentence.
3. Quote starting the sentence
•
“There is still no cure for the
common birthday,” was
Glenn’s response when he
was asked about his age
(“The 50th Anniversary…”).
•
Notice the comma is inside of the
quotation marks.
4. Quote ending the sentence
•
Author Tom Wolfe explains,
“John Glenn is the last true
national hero”(“The 50th
Anniversary…”).
•
Notice the comma is outside of
the quotation marks.
4 Ways to Use a Direct Quote
1. Colon
The quote can stand alone.
2. No punctuation
The quote reads like part of the sentence.
3. Quote starting the
sentence
The quote reads like dialogue in a story.
4. Quote ending the
sentence
The quote reads like dialogue in a story.
Practice
Rewrite these sentences. Add punctuation, parenthetical citation, and
period.
•
Powers, Ann. "Rihanna's 'Birthday Cake': Reasons To Listen." NPR.
NPR, 22 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2012.
<http://www.npr.org/blogs/therecord/2012/02/22/147238857/rihann
as-birthday-cake-reasons-to-listen>.
1. Ethical pop music fans are
squirming with the release of
Rihanna’s latest pop single “This is
music many people wish did not
exist”
2. The lyrics of “Birthday Cake” are
“provocations, demanding
response”
Practice
Rewrite these sentences. Add punctuation, parenthetical citation, and period.
•
Powers, Ann. "Rihanna's 'Birthday Cake': Reasons To Listen." NPR. NPR,
22 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2012.
<http://www.npr.org/blogs/therecord/2012/02/22/147238857/rihanna
s-birthday-cake-reasons-to-listen>.
3. Fans who are privy to Rihanna
and Chris Brown’s dating
history feel the need to take
sides “Even listening feels like a
weighted choice”
4. “[Rihanna is] an emblem of
victimization for some, and of
rebellious self-determination for
others” justifies one music critic
Practice
Rewrite these sentences. Add a punctuation, parenthetical citation, and period.
•
Powers, Ann. "Rihanna's 'Birthday Cake': Reasons To Listen." NPR. NPR, 22
Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2012.
<http://www.npr.org/blogs/therecord/2012/02/22/147238857/rihannasbirthday-cake-reasons-to-listen>.
5. To devoted fans and critics, pop
music is considered “a crucial
avenue for understanding the
intricacies of the human heart
and soul”
6. NPR’s music critic explains
“ ‘Birthday Cake’ is not about
moving on and that’s what
makes it worth one painful
listen”
Complete Direct Quotes
packet.
Paraphrase
• A direct quote is different
than a paraphrase.
– A paraphrase is information
retold in your own words.
– A direct quote is information
told in someone else’s words.
Paraphrase
• Keep the original meaning
of the text.
• Since you are using your
own words, do not use
quotation marks.
Paraphrase
• DO NOT replace key words with
synonyms.
Replacing key words is NOT
paraphrasing – this is plagiarism.
original text: The MHS Wildcats dominated the visiting
team to end the season with an impressive record of 9-0.
plagiarized: The Mulvane cats conquered the other team
and ended up with a great record of 9-0 (Spears).
Paraphrase
• Do read the entire text first.
Then restate the main
ideas in your own words.
original text: The MHS Wildcats dominated the visiting
team to end the season with an impressive record of
9-0.
paraphrased: It was a victorious end to the season
when the MHS Wildcats won their last league game
against the Greenbacks and wound up with a 9-0
record for the season (Spears).
Parenthetical Citations
• Paraphrases do need a
parenthetical citation.
– Follow the same rules as a
direct quote.
Parenthetical Citations
(same for pharaphrase as direct quote)
•
Reference the author’s last name in
parentheses. If there is no author,
reference the title of the book or
article.
–
•
•
•
You may shorten lengthy titles. Use an
ellipsis (…) to show that the entire title is
not given. Be consistent in how you
shorten a given title throughout the
paper.
(Smith)
author given
(“The Last Song”)
no author given
(“The 50th Anniversary…”) no author given,
title shortened
Paraphrase example
•
Original text: “I'm all for the general public ignoring
"Birthday Cake" and Brown's much less interesting remix.
Walk away from this relationship. Don't buy these songs.
Turn off the television or radio when Rihanna and Chris
Brown appear. Better yet, write your radio station and tell
them not to play either of these remixes. Tell your
daughters and sons that Brown is a brute and Rihanna is
terribly misguided. If they push you, show them the
sickening pictures of her bloodied face.”
• Rihanna’s new single
shouldn’t be acknowledged
or even praised because of
the message it sends to
young adults(Powers).
Practice
• Complete “Plagiarism Activity.”
• Complete “Paraphrase and Direct
Quote Practice.”
Works Cited
Help creating this power point
and your worksheet packet
came from:
Wendy Baker with
www.transitioning2college.org
&
www.slideshare.net