Citing Sources Using
APA Style
A Simplified Guide to Cite your
Resources Using American
Psychological Association (APA)
Style
Overview
• When doing a research, you must provide
a list of information resources
(References) you have used at the end of
your research paper.
• Consistency is very important while
preparing your references list
Overview, …Cont.
• References Must be arranged
Alphabetically by author’s last name
and initials or by Title in case there is no
author.
Overview, …Cont.
Reference Entry includes the following
elements
•
Name of the Author
•
Title of the source
•
Publication Information (Publisher’s
name, place, year)
Overview, …Cont.
• Additional information may be required
such as journal’s volume no., issue no.,
page numbers, edition numbers, web
URL address, date of access, …etc.,
depending on the information source’s
Type.
Overview, …Cont.
If you don’t cite All the information
resources that you have used, at the
end of your research, this will be
considered as an Academic
Malpractice, called
Plagiarism
What is Plagiarism
• An academic malpractice. Plagiarism is the use
of the ideas, words or findings of others without
acknowledging them as such. To plagiarize is
to give the impression that the student has
written, thought or discovered something that
he or she has in fact borrowed from someone
else without acknowledging this in an
appropriate manner.
www.keele.ac.uk/depts/aa/regulationshandboo
k/sectiond.htm
General Rules
Formatting
• The APA font is Times New Roman
with 12-point size.
• Double-space between all lines of
text, including the reference list.
• Margins of at least 1 inch on all
sides.
General Rules
Hanging indents
• should be used for the
reference list. This means that
all lines after the first line of
each entry should be indented
one half inch from the left
margin
General Rules
Reference List
• Arrange reference list in
alphabetical order by the Last
Name / Surname of the author. Write
only the initial(s) of the author's
name, not the full name.
• If there is no author, consider the
title.
General Rules
• If the reference list includes two or
more references for the same
author(s), list the references in
chronological order / according to
the publishing year. Start with the
old one (oldest first).
• All References mentioned / cited in
the text must appear in the
reference list and vise versa
General Rules
• Capitalize only the first letter of
the first word in the article or
book title. Journal titles should
be capitalized.
• Italicize journal titles, volume
numbers and book titles should
be Italicized.
Citing Sources Using
APA Style
• Books
• Periodical Articles
• Web Resources
Books
By a single author
• Author, A. (year). Title of the Book
(edition). Place of Publications: Publisher
Books,…cont.
Example:
Purtilo, R. (1999). Ethical dimensions in the health
professions (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, Pa: W.B.
Saunders
Books,…cont.
By two or more authors
Singleton, J. & McLaren, S. (1995). Ethical
foundations of health care: Responsibilities in
decision making. London: Mosby
Books, …cont.
• Part of a book (Chapter or Article in a Book)
Author, A. & Author, B. (Year). Title of Chapter. In A. Editor
& B. Editor (Eds.), Title of the Book (ed.) (page nos.).
Location: Publisher
Books,…Cont.
Example:
• Shelton, S. (1998). The Doctor-Patient
Relationship. In A. Stoudemire (Ed.),
Human behavior: An introduction for
medical students (3rd ed.).
Philadelphia: Lippincott
Periodical Articles
Journal Article
Author, A., Author, B. & Author, C. (Year). Title of
the Article. Title of the periodical, volume
no.(issue no.), page nos.
Periodical Articles …Cont.
Example:
• Everett, K. (2006). Health and health
care for the 21st century: For all the
people. American Journal of Public
Health, 96(12), 2090-2092.
Periodical Articles …Cont.
Fulltext article from a Periodical Database
• Hui, E. (2005). Doctors as fiduciaries: do medical
professionals have the right not to treat?. Poiesis &
Praxis, 3(4), 256-276. Retrieved March 11, 2007,
from Academic Search Premier database
Internet Resources
• Online Article Based on a Print Sources
Singer, P. (2000). Medical ethics. BMJ, 29,
282–285. Retrieved March 11, 2007, from
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlere
nder.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1118276
Internet Resources…Cont.
• Internet Document
American Medical Association (2001). Principles of
medical ethics. Retrieved March 9, 2007, from
American Medical Association Website:
http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/2512.html
For more details
Please click on the following link for more information
http://www.aresearchguide.com/styleguides.html#3