What is TTAPP?
0 T: Thesis
0 T: Tone
0 A: Audience
0 P: Purpose
0 P: Point of View
Write down this list
BUT leave space
between each item
so you can write
down components of
each!
What is TTAPP?
0 TTAPP includes all of the elements that you need to
carefully consider before you begin writing your
essay
0 By determining each of these before you begin
writing you will be able to compose an effective an
effective and well-organized essay with clear focus
0 This is different than pre-writing and outlining—it
has very little to do with content, but it will help
ensure that the content of your essay is welldelivered
Purpose
0 Purpose: Identifies the scope, and direction of the
paper. It specifically identifies what the essay will do
0 Includes: to + a verb (delivery method)
0 The purpose of your essay also identifies what your
goal is as a writer and sets up the rest of the “TTAPP”
0 The purpose of the essay is typically included in the
prompt which is why it is super important to
thoroughly understand what your instructor is
asking you to do
Purpose
0 Prompt 1: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay
argue whether or not gender inequalities are still
evident in corporate America.
0 Purpose 1: to argue that gender stereotypes no
longer exist in corporate America
0 Prompt 2: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay
compose an extended definition for one of the
following words: patriotism, loyalty, trust, love, or
pain.
0 Purpose 2: to define the word loyalty as it relates
both to the individual and society
Audience
0 Audience: This is the specific group of people who
you intend on delivering your message to.
0 This should be specific—not something as simple as
“society” or “Americans” or “men” or “teenagers”
0 Instead consider: “Individuals in society who
believe…”, “Americans with opposing views related
to this issue”, “Men who don’t understand why
romance in relationships is important”, “Teenagers
who think that they can engage in cyber-bullying
without any consequences”
Although your
instructor, aka
Splitek, is the person
who grades your
paper she is not your
audience!
The instructor is an
objective third-party
who evaluates your
writing.
Point-of-View (POV)
0 Point-of-view: either first person or third person
(limited); first person uses personal pronouns like I and
creates an intimate and personal connection between the
audience and the writer; third person (limited) does not
use personal pronouns and establishes the writer as an
expert and trustworthy source of information when done
correctly
0 NO SECOND PERSON POV– EVER! Academic writing is
not a choose your own adventure novel!
0 As a writer you might use snippets of third-person when
you are writing in first person, but you will not use
snippets of first person when you are writing in third
person.
Point-of-View (POV)
0 First person: should be used when wanting to connect
with the audience and creating a sense of shared
emotion for a topic or issue (pathos heavily relies on
first person)
0 Third person: should be used when you need to
establish yourself as an expert with an unbiased,
balanced perspective.
0 Definition Essay: first person (appropriate)
0 Argumentative Essay: third person(appropriate)
Point-of-View (POV)
0 When you discuss POV when completing your TTAPP,
you need to identify whether you will be using first or
third person and what you intend to establish by
using this POV– rapport, credibility, trust, etc.
0 Consider your audience when you are deciding on a
POV—everything is connected and dependent!
Tone
0 Tone: the writer’s attitude towards both the subject
and the audience—in an argument it can also be the
writer’s attitude towards those with opposing view
points
0 Tone need to be appropriately paired with topic
(subject)
0 Tone should be a specific feeling
0 Tone can be tricky—you don’t want to alienate the
audience or be insulting—this doesn’t mean you need
to eliminate your passion for a topic but rather
challenges you to convey it in an appealing and
intelligent manner
Tone
0 Prompt 1: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay
argue whether men or women are better drivers.
0 Correct Examples of Tone 1: humorous, sarcastic, witty
0 Incorrect Examples of Tone 1: creative, informative
0 Prompt 2: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay
argue whether the Dream Act is an effective or
ineffective immigration policy.
0 Correct Examples of Tone 2: intelligent, serious,
passionate, determined
0 Incorrect Examples of Tone 2: creative, informative,
racist, angry, sarcastic, bitter
Thesis Statements
0 Thesis Statement: a one or two sentence statement
that states your claim (position) and is the road map of
your essay—every sentence in the entire paper must
either directly or indirectly relate back to the thesis.
0 Not a question
0 No quotes
0 1 sentence or 2 – no more
0 Avoid shady pronouns – be specific
0 Will always be the last sentence of your intro
paragraph.
Thesis Statements
Thesis statements include the following:
1. Topic: your limited subject
2. Commentary: your POV (or attitude)
about that subject which indicates your
claim
Thesis Statements
0Don’t write a highly opinionated
statement
0Don’t make an announcement
0Don’t make a factual statement
0Don’t make a broad statement
TTAPP Activity
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not the use
of hybrid vehicles is an effective way of reducing an individual’s carbon
footprint.
In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not the a
person with a terminal illness has the right to end his or her life as they
wish.
In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not Arizona’s
SB1070 law is a violation of civil rights.
In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not the
drinking age should be lowered to 18.
In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not students
should have to take high-stakes tests in order to graduate from high
school.
In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not animal
testing of life-saving drugs is a benefit or a detriment for society.
Write down all six statements!
TTAPP Activity
1)
2)
3)
4)
For your assigned topic you will be completing a
TTAPP!
You will turn in one piece paper with everyone’s
name on it!
You need to work together and make sure that
everyone is in agreement before you decide on
your response.
When you are done, turn it in to Splitek for points!